Malowa ali ku East European Plain, mkati mwa Volga Upland.
Chigawo 43, 3 zikwi sq. km. Gawo la dera kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kummawa ndi 330 km, kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kum'mwera - 204 km.
Derali lili pamphambano za madera atatu achilengedwe: chapakati chakuda lapansi, dziko losakhala lakuda ndi dera louma la Volga.
Chiwerengero cha anthu Oblast malinga ndi deta ya Rosstat ndi anthu 1, omwe 360% ndi anthu akumidzi.
Nyengo kontinenti, ndi chilimwe chotentha (pafupifupi July kutentha + 19 ... 21 ° С) ndi nyengo yozizira (-11 ° ... 13 ° С). Chinthu chosakhazikika cha nyengo ndi mvula: chiwerengero cha pachaka m'derali chimachokera ku 450-500 mm, m'zaka zouma chimatsika kufika 350 mm, ndipo m'zaka zamvula chimakwera kufika 775 mm. Spring chilala ndi khalidwe, nthawi zambiri youma nthawi mobwerezabwereza m'chilimwe.
Zachilengedwe ndi nyengo komanso kuthekera kwaulimi Penza dera limakupatsani mwayi wokolola mbatata yabwino.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, bwanamkubwa wachigawo adakhazikitsa ntchito yayikulu kwa alimi amderali - kuonjezera kupanga mbatata zogulitsa.
Zotsatira zapamwamba
Kwa zaka zisanu zapitazi, malo olima mbatata m'mabungwe aulimi ndi minda ya anthu wamba a dera la Penza akula kwambiri: kuchokera pa mahekitala 2,7 mu 2009 mpaka mahekitala 5,0 mu 2013. Mu 2014, mbatata imakhala ndi mahekitala 5,8 m'gawo lolinganizidwa; palimodzi, olima amitundu yonse akuyenera kuchotsa mbatata kudera la mahekitala 39,7.
Kukolola kwakukulu kwa mbatata mu 2014 m'mabungwe aulimi ndi minda yaulimi ya dera la Penza kukukonzekera pamlingo wa matani 80. Awa ndi mapulani aakulu kwa alimi a derali. Chifukwa chake, mu 2009, zokolola zonse za mbatata muzamalonda zidafika matani 37,3, mu 2013 - matani 45,8.
Pa nthawi yokonzekera zinthuzo (pofika pa Ogasiti 27), mabizinesi aulimi amitundu yonse ya umwini adakolola mbatata kuchokera kudera la mahekitala 24,62, matani 325,67 adakumbidwa, zokolola zambiri zinali 132 c / ha.
M'mafamu okonzedwa, mbatata idakololedwa kuchokera kudera la mahekitala 367, matani 4,92 a mbatata adakololedwa, zokolola zambiri ndi 131 c / ha. Kukolola mbatata kukuyenda bwino m'maboma a Shemysheysky, Lopatinsky, Vadinsky ndi Penza m'chigawo cha Penza.
Mapulogalamu othandizira zigawo
Khazikitsani mapulani ofunitsitsa ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino pakupanga mbatata - izi ndi zomwe boma likufuna kuchita kudzera mu Unduna wa Zaulimi.
Chaka chino, monga gawo la chithandizo chopanga mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba, alimi a m'chigawo cha Penza adalandira chithandizo chosagwirizana ndi gawo la zokolola za 6 rubles pa hekitala yofesedwa, 200% ya mtengo wa refinancing. nthawi yochepa (mpaka 1 chaka) ndi nthawi yaitali (kuyambira 100 mpaka zaka 1 ndi zaka 2 mpaka 8) ngongole ndi kubwereketsa.
Pampikisano, ndalama zokwana ma ruble 1,5 miliyoni zidaperekedwa kuti apange minda yaulimi (yaulimi) yomwe imagwira ntchito kwambiri pakupanga, kusunga, kuyika ndi kukonza mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba mkati mwa dongosolo la dipatimenti yoyang'anira "Thandizo kwa alimi oyamba kumene. kwa nthawi ya 2012-2014".
Chaka chino, anthu asanu ndi anayi omwe atenga nawo gawo pazochitika zamapulogalamu alandila thandizo la ma ruble 1,5 miliyoni pakukula kwa mbatata ndi masamba. Padakali pano, unduna wa zamalimidwe m’chigawochi walengeza gawo lachiwiri la mpikisano wovomera anthu ofuna kutenga nawo gawo pandondomeko ya dipatimentiyi.
Kuphatikiza apo, chaka chino, opanga zaulimi amathandizidwa ndi gawo limodzi la mtengo wogula mbewu za mbatata zosankhika pamtengo wa ma ruble 500 pa tani imodzi ya mbewu. Zina mwa ndalama zopangira malo opangira zinthu zimaperekedwa ndi thandizo la ndalama ngati gawo lazachuma
"Kupanga malo opangira zinthu zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kuti kukula kwa mbatata, kulima masamba, kulima zipatso ndi zinthu zina zaulimi ku Penza kukuchitika 2014-2016."
Pulogalamuyi imaperekanso kubwezeredwa kwa 30% ya ndalama zomangira (zomanganso, zamakono), kupeza makina ndi zida zosinthira ndikusunga, zida zaukadaulo ndi mizere yowonjezera ntchito, kukonza, kulongedza ndi kusungirako, zida zafiriji, mpweya wabwino komanso kuwongolera nyengo. machitidwe.
Pakalipano, m'dera la Penza m'chigawo cha Belinsky, ntchito yaikulu ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange malo opangira zinthu zopangira, kusunga ndi kugulitsa mbatata, CJSC Bashmakovsky Bread. Gawo lililonse la malo opangira zinthu ndizovuta kusungirako ndikugulitsapo kale mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba zokwana matani 15, zokhala ndi zosungiramo zisanu ndi chimodzi zokhala ndi matani 2,5 lililonse ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zowalumikiza, momwe mizere yopangira kusanja idzayikidwa ndi kulongedza.
MBEWU FUND
Penza Research Institute of Agriculture, yomwe ili m'mudzi wogwira ntchito wa Lunino, imathandizira kupatsa minda ya mbatata m'derali mbewu. Institute yakhala ikugwira ntchito bwino kwa zaka zoposa 100. Ogwira ntchito ku Penz-NIISH amapatsa ogula mbewu zathanzi zamitundu 21 ya mbatata.
Mndandandawu uli ndi mitundu yoyambirira (Zhukovsky oyambirira, Zhigulevsky, Darenka, Vineta, Penza skorospelka, Duckling, Mwayi, Bullfinch); m'ma oyambirira (Svitanok Kiev, Ramzai, Russian chikumbutso, nthano); pakati pa nyengo (Roco); pakati mochedwa (Lorkh).
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa, Sante, Valiza, Golubizna, Malinovka, Master, Petersburg, Nikulinsky, apongozi ake, Batya, zakudya za Bryansk zimapezekanso. Mitundu yonse imasiyanitsidwa ndi zokolola zambiri, kukana matenda, mawonetsedwe abwino kwambiri.
KUSINTHA KWA HARVEST
Ponena za kugulitsa mbatata, ndiyenera kudziwa kuti nkhani yofunikayi ikuthetsedwanso ndi unduna wa zamalimidwe wamba. Misonkhano yogwira ntchito ndi olima ulimi ndi oimira maunyolo ogulitsa malonda amachitika nthawi zonse. Mpaka pano, pali kale zotsatira: mbatata za m'deralo zafika m'masitolo ogulitsa. Ichi ndi sitepe yaikulu kwa opanga ndi zotsatira zabwino za ntchito mwadongosolo ndi lonse la Boma la Penza dera.
Tsopano pali mgwirizano pakupereka mbatata zambiri m'masitolo am'deralo a Penza ndi ogulitsa ku federal. Kuwonjezeka kwa mgwirizano wamabizinesi amitundu yonse ndi opanga zinthu za Penza kumawonedwa chaka chilichonse m'derali. Kuonjezera apo, Unduna wa Zaulimi ukugwira ntchito pa nkhani yolenga "ngodya zaulimi" mu malonda a malonda, kumene zinthu zachilengedwe zoyera za opanga m'deralo zidzaperekedwa pamitengo yotsika mtengo, kunena kwake, "kuchokera kumunda kupita kumunda."
Kugulitsa mbatata zatsopano zomwe zabzalidwa m'chigawo cha Penza kudayamba pama network a Magazin My District Trade Union. Apa amakhutira ndi khalidwe la mbatata ndipo akuyembekezera mgwirizano wobala zipatso. Pogulitsa, mbatata zimagulitsidwa pamtengo wa ma ruble 12. 90 makapu pa 1kg.
Titha kunena mosabisa kuti dera la Penza limatha kupatsa anthu amderali mbatata zapamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mwayi weniweni wopereka mbewu zochulukirapo ku Russia konse.
Masiku ano, chifukwa cha zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wa ndale ndi zachuma, tinganene kuti njira zapadera zachuma zomwe zakhazikitsidwa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo cha boma chili ndi cholinga choteteza zofuna za dziko, kuphatikizapo zofuna za chakudya.
Zilango zomwe zaperekedwazo zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa alimi.
M'zaka zapitazi, malo athu opanga zinthu zaulimi akhala akuwonetsa kukula kwakukulu pakupanga zinthu zaulimi, kutsegulira mwayi kwa opanga zinthu zaulimi, makamaka Penza.
Msika wazakudya udzakhala ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri, zomwe, monga momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndizoyenera nzika zathu kuposa zakunja.
Nkhaniyi idakonzedwa ndi atolankhani a Ministry of Agriculture of the Penza Region