Mu Januwale 2024, ulendo wina wamalonda unachitika, womwe unakonzedwa ndi magazini athu mothandizidwa ndi Potato Union komanso tsamba la POTATOES NEWS. Nthawi ino, India yakhala malo okopa akatswiri amakampani aku Russia.
Alendowo anapita kudziko losiyana, kumene luso lamakono lamakono limagwirizana ndi miyambo yakale ya zaka chikwi.
Paulendowu, gululo linaphunzira kuti mbatata ku India zimalimidwa makamaka ndi mafamu ang'onoang'ono, kumene kubzala ndi kukolola nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa ndi manja. Koma kukonza zokolola kumachitika ndi mabizinesi amphamvu amakono omwe amapanga zinthu zambiri.
Anthu omwe adatenga nawo gawo pazamalonda adayendera ofesi ya Technico Agri Sciences Limited, kampani yomwe imagwira ntchito yolima mbewu zambatata zoyambirira komanso zapamwamba. Anthu aku Russia adayendera ma labotale abizinesi momwe mbewu zathanzi zimapangidwira ndikulandila zambiri zamitundu yofala kwambiri mdziko muno.
Gululi lidachita chidwi kwambiri ndi ulendo waufupi wamafamu aku India: Akatswiri aku Russia adatha kudutsa m'minda momwe amabzala mbewu ndi mbatata yapa tebulo ndikuyang'ana m'malo osungiramo masamba am'deralo.
Anthu a m'dziko lathu adayendera imodzi mwamabizinesi akuluakulu aku India omwe amapanga makina aulimi. Kampani ya Mahindra ndi yodziwika bwino pakupanga mathirakitala ndipo imapatsa alimi magawo ena ofunikira.
Ku Natural Storage Solution Pvt. Ltd. (NSSPL), yomwe imapanga makina opangira firiji m'mafakitale, aku Russia adawona zida zopangira ma fries aku France oziziritsidwa ndi ma hashbrown akutuluka pamzere.
Ulendo wa University of Agricultural Sciences Bengaluru unatilola kuphunzira za madera akuluakulu a kafukufuku wa bungwe la sayansi, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa nyengo, biotechnology, ulimi wolondola, kuswana ndi zina. Alendo amalonda adatengedwa kudzera m'ma laboratories aku yunivesite ndi malo owonetserako greenhouses.
Pamalo opangira a KF Biotech Pvt Ltd, omwe amagwira ntchito yopanga mbewu za mbatata ndi kulima nthochi, apaulendo adaphunzira momwe labotale ya micropropagation imagwirira ntchito. Apa alendowo anali ndi mwayi wofananiza ukadaulo waku India ndi waku Russia wopezera mbewu za mbatata zopanda kachilombo.
Ulendowu wokhala ndi pulogalamu yolimba kwambiri yamabizinesi udasiya chidwi. Otengamo mbali paulendo wapamadzi wa ku India mofunitsitsa anagawana ndi wolemba nkhani wa magaziniyo.
Ekaterina Balashova, Mtsogoleri wa bungwe lothandizira "Northern Star", dera la Krasnodar:
- Ndinapita paulendo uwu ngati wothandizira ntchito zachuma zakunja. Ndinayang'anizana ndi ntchito yothandizira malonda omwe otenga nawo gawo atha kumaliza.
Oyang'anira ndi akatswiri amakampani omwe ntchito zawo zimagwirizana ndi bizinesi ya mbatata anali ndi chidwi ndi mwayi wogula mbewu, zida zopangira, zomalizidwa, komanso kugulitsa zinthu zawo.
Paulendowu, tinakambirana za kufunika kotsatira ndondomeko zonse zalamulo, kufunikira kwa zikalata zotsagana ndi ntchitoyo, mbali za kuphedwa kwawo, ndi mfundo zazikulu zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa chisamaliro chapadera.
Ndikuganiza kuti thandizo langa laukadaulo linali lothandiza kwa otenga nawo mbali. Ndipo ngakhale palibe mapangano ogwirizana omwe adasainidwa ndi mbali yaku India, anzawo aku Russia adaganiziranso mwayi wogula zida ndi mbewu za mbatata zam'tsogolo, kuwerengera kuthekera kwa zinthu zotere komanso ndalama zomwe zimayendera.
Ulendowu unanditsegulira masomphenya abizinesi yanga. Misonkhano ndi mitu yazovuta zazikulu idakhala yosangalatsa komanso yothandiza. Makampani otchuka padziko lonse lapansi monga Technico Agri Sciences Limited ndi Mahindra akugwira ntchito kunja kwa mayiko awo. Kulumikizana ndi atsogoleri a madipatimenti awo amalonda akunja omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kupeza ogwirizana nawo pamsika waku Russia adzatilola kukulitsa mgwirizano pakati pa mayiko athu posachedwa.
Mikhail Michurin, Chief Agronomist of ZAO Samara-Solana, Chigawo cha Samara:
- Cholinga cha ulendo wanga wopita ku India chinali kudziwana ndi ntchito yolima mbatata mdziko muno. Ndinkafuna kudziwa momwe amapangira kupanga ndi kusankha mbewu, komanso momwe chitetezo chamankhwala chimapangidwira. Ndinalinso ndi chidwi ndi kuthekera komaliza makontrakitala opereka mbewu zambiri zobereketsa ku Russia.
Nthawi yomweyo zidandigwira mtima kuti ngakhale m'mabizinesi akuluakulu amphamvu olima mbatata pali ntchito zambiri zamanja. Izi ndizomveka, popeza India alibe kusowa kwa antchito. Koma ndimakhulupilirabe kuti makina ndi ulimi wokha umathandizira kwambiri ndikuwongolera njira zonse ndikuthandizira kukweza kwazinthu.
Zinandidabwitsa kuti pali mafamu omwe ntchito zake zikuphatikiza nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito ndi mbatata: kuyambira kulima mbewu mu vitro mpaka kugulitsa tchipisi ndi zokazinga. Sindinawonepo zinthu ngati izi kuno ku Russia.
Chifukwa cha ulendowu, tinatha kuphunzira zambiri za ntchito ya anzathu a ku India ndi zochitika zapadera za kukula kwa mbatata. Koma kulankhulana pakati pa nthumwi zathu kunakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Ndinakumana ndi anthu osangalatsa omwe amalima mbatata ndikukumana ndi anzanga apamtima akale.
Tili ku India, tinkakambirana nthawi zonse za zenizeni zaku Russia, tinkakangana za zovuta zamakampani ndi njira zowathetsera. Tinasinthana maganizo pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata ndi momwe amachitira m'madera osiyanasiyana ku Russia. Tidakambirana zaukadaulo wolima mbewu malinga ndi momwe zimakulira.
Ulendowu unatipatsa mwayi osati wongogwira ntchito zobala zipatso ndikuphunzira zinazake, komanso kupuma bwino ndikuyambiranso. Ndipo pobwerera kunyumba, timayamba nyengo yotsatira ndi mphamvu zatsopano, malingaliro atsopano ndi malingaliro.
Olga Molyanova, manejala wa Molyanov Agro Group LLC (MAG), dera la Samara:
- Ulendo wopita ku India, kuwonjezera pa ntchito, cholinga chake chinali kukulitsa chikhalidwe changa komanso kukulitsa malingaliro anga. Ndipo zidayenda bwino m'mbali zonse.
Ndikupita paulendowu, ndidakonzekera kuphunzira njira ndi matekinoloje olima mbatata m'dziko losadziwika. Ndipo ndinena nthawi yomweyo kuti chomwe chidandisangalatsa kwambiri chinali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu zomwe zimabzalidwa pano, mawonekedwe amderali komanso luso lakapangidwe kake.
Mosiyana ndi dziko la Russia, alimi a ku India amakhala makamaka ndi alimi ang’onoang’ono omwe amalima malo okwana mahekitala anayi. Amakolola mbewu zosiyanasiyana 3-4 pa chaka.
Dziko lino lili ndi nyengo yosiyana kotheratu, ndipo mfundo ya kugawa magawo imagwira ntchito pa ulimi. Chifukwa chake, kumadera a kumpoto, mbewu zambiri zimapangidwa, ndipo mbatata zomwe zimabzalidwa kumadzulo kwa India zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza.
Paulendo wamalonda, ndidapeza chidziwitso chofunikira cholumikizana ndi alimi aku India komanso akatswiri. Ndinatha kuwona zitsanzo za luso lochita bwino komanso kusintha kwa kasamalidwe ka mbatata kuti zigwirizane ndi zomwe akufuna.
Nthumwi zathu zakwanitsa kuyendera malo ambiri osangalatsa: minda, malo asayansi ndi zopangira, malo opangira ma laboratories, ndi malo osungira. Tinaona ndi maso athu ntchito za makampani otchuka monga Technico Agri Sciences Limited ndi Mahindra.
Pambuyo pa ulendo wawo, mamembalawo adakambirana mwachangu zomwe adawona ndikugawana zomwe adawona. Ndipo, ndithudi, amatsutsana ngati n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika za ku India m'dziko lathu.
Denis Pavlyuk, mutu wa bizinesi yaulimi (famu), dera la Novgorod:
- Unali mwayi wabwino kwambiri wokayendera dziko latsopano, kuphatikiza ulendo wapaulendo ndi ulendo wantchito, komanso ngakhale pagulu la akatswiri komanso amalingaliro ofanana.
M'mbuyomu, tidagwirapo kale ntchito ndi Technico Agri Sciences Limited ndi Mahindra, kugula mbewu za mbatata kuchokera kwa iwo. Mgwirizanowu udatenga zaka zingapo mpaka tidakhala ndi pulogalamu yathu yopanga mini-tuber. Ndipo pamene ndinali kulankhulana m’gawo lawo, ndinaona chidwi cha Amwenye pa mayanjano abizinesi.
Ulendo wanga womwe ndimakonda kwambiri unali mzinda wa Bangalore, komwe kuli University of Agricultural Sciences ndi KF Biotech Pvt Ltd, kampani yolima mbatata ndi nthochi. Monga momwe zinakhalira, umisiri wofananawo umagwiritsiridwa ntchito kupanga mbewu zosiyanasiyana zoterozo, ndipo zinali zodabwitsa.
Ndidatsimikiza kuti njira zaku Russia ndi India zakukulitsa mbatata ndizofanana. Koma m'dziko lathu bizinesi iyi imachitika mosiyanasiyana: ndi minda yayikulu, m'malo akulu. Ndipo m'madera akumidzi sitinakumane ndi thirakitala imodzi yokhala ndi mphamvu zoposa 100, ndipo ntchito yamanja idagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse.
Tinaonanso matekinoloje omwe anali osiyana kwambiri ndi athu. Kuphatikiza pa malo osungiramo masamba omwe ali ofanana ndi aku Russia, nyumba zachikale zansanjika zambiri "zokhala" ndi matabwa pansi ndi mashelufu ndizofala ku India.
Ndinkakonda kwambiri kupanga zida zakumaloko zoziziritsa, zokazinga ndi kukonza mbatata, komanso zida zosungiramo zinthu. Funso likadzabwera lokhudza kugula chingwe chotere cha famu yathu, mwina tiwona India ngati angatipatse.
Roman Yatsumira, Mtsogoleri wa Foreign Economic Activity LLC "ChemAgro", chizindikiro cha BINOM, dera la Krasnodar:
- Ulendo wamabizinesi wopita ku India unandikopa ndi mwayi wolankhulana ndi akatswiri pantchito ya mbatata. Dziko lenilenilo linali lokondweretsa kwambiri, komanso chiyembekezo cholowa mumsika wa India ndi mankhwala a kampani yathu.
Kuwonjezera pa kutenga nawo mbali mu pulogalamu yaikulu yamalonda, ndinalinso ndi misonkhano pa ndandanda ya munthu payekha. Pamodzi ndi nthumwizo, adayendera mabizinesi akuluakulu amalonda ndi minda, komanso adakambirana ndi opanga feteleza, makampani ogawa zinthu zoteteza zomera ndi feteleza.
Paulendo ndinaphunzira zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zachilendo. Ku India, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyambilira zaukadaulo ndiukadaulo, ndipo ali ndi njira ina yokulira ndi kusunga mbewu za mbatata kuti zithe kukonzedwa.
Njira zogwirira ntchito za alimi am'deralo, poyang'ana koyamba, ndizosavuta, koma zogwira mtima. Ndizowonetsera momwe amakonzera malo awo osungirako masamba. Chitsanzochi chikuwonetsa kuti m'mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono sizinthu zonse zomwe ziyenera kukhala zovuta; nthawi zina, kuphweka kumangopindulitsa. Mlingo wa akatswiri a alimi aku India ndiwokwera kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira za ntchito yawo zomwe tidaziwona m'minda zimatsimikizira izi.
M’miyezi yaposachedwapa ndayendera mayiko anayi ku Middle East ndi Asia. Ndikuganiza kuti tsopano Kum'mawa kukukhala chitsogozo chodalirika ku Russia kuti akhazikitse mgwirizano wamabizinesi ndikukulitsa mgwirizano mu bizinesi yaulimi. Msika waku Asia umatilonjeza tsogolo labwino; tiyenera kudalira ndikumanga maubale anthawi yayitali pano.
Ndine woyamikira kwambiri kwa okonzekera chifukwa chapamwamba komanso njira yoganizira za ulendowu, chifukwa cha pulogalamu yolemera yotere. Zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ine kumva zonena za anzanga aku Russia pankhani zakukula kwa mbatata ndikupeza malingaliro awo pakukula kwaulimi ku India. Ndipo kulankhulana ndi oimira makampani aulimi m'dziko lino kunatipatsa mwayi wokulitsa malingaliro athu, kukhala ndi chidziwitso chatsopano, ndi kusinthana chidziwitso.
Vasily Belenky, katswiri wazachuma ku Vi Fry LLC, dera la Lipetsk:
- Ulendowu udatha kuphatikiza ulendo wosangalatsa komanso pulogalamu yolemera yamabizinesi. Ophunzirawo adakondwera ndi South Asian exotica ndipo adatha kuyesa kukula kwa mbatata zaku India: kuyambira pakupanga mbewu mpaka pokonza.
Zonse zomwe tinaziwona zinali zogwirizana ndi zomwe tidazolowera ku Russia. Poganizira kuti India ndi m'modzi mwa atsogoleri amakampani, ndimafuna kudziwa malo anga padziko la mbatata ndikumvetsetsa tsogolo lomwe tiyenera kudalira.
Pafupifupi zaka zisanu zapitazo, kampani yathu idagula ma tubers aku India omwe amakula pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wawo wakale, pa dothi la kokonati komanso munjira ya aeroponic. Koma m'zaka zaposachedwa, kulima mbatata zapakhomo kwapita patsogolo, ndipo taphimba 95% yazosowa zathu zambewu ndi zinthu zaku Russia.
Ineyo pandekha ndinasirira mfundo yakuti mafakitale aku India ali ndi njira zawo zopangira zovomerezeka. Tiyeneranso kuyesetsa izi, chifukwa mpaka pano gawo la mkango la zida, makina, zigawo, ndi ma reagents amaperekedwa ku Russia kuchokera Kumadzulo.
Ponena za malo osungiramo zipangizo zamakono, nkhani yowakonzekeretsa imathetsedwanso kudzera muzinthu zamkati. Pamene tikupitiriza kuitanitsa zinthu zonse zaumisiri, amwenye amadzipangira okha. Sadalira zinthu zochokera kunja, kulinganiza kupanga kwawo kwakanthawi kochepa ndikupulumutsa ndalama zambiri. Ndikuganiza kuti m'mafakitale akhala amphamvu kwambiri kuposa ife.
Koma tili ndi ubwino wathu, choyamba - nyengo, madera akuluakulu ndi nthaka yachonde, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wokulirapo ndi ndalama. Ndipo maziko asayansi aku Russia, zikuwoneka kwa ine, tsopano akuperekedwa mokwanira. Ndi mitundu ingati yatsopano ya mbewu zosiyanasiyana yomwe alimi akukupanga, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo amabweretsa mpikisano waukulu kwa azungu.
Nadezhda Grigorieva, Chief Accountant Molyanov Agro Group LLC ("MAG"), dera la Samara:
- Ulendo wopita ku India unandikhudza kwambiri. Kukonzekera kwa ulendo wokha komanso ulendo wamalonda womwe ukuchitika mkati mwa dongosolo lake ndi woyenera kutamandidwa kwambiri.
Kulikonse kumene tinakafikako, monga ku Bangalore University of Agricultural Sciences, tinali kuuzidwa za ntchito imene ikuchitika kumeneko. Chiwonetsero cha zomwe zapambana, ma laboratories, zida, ndi malo osungira zinali zovomerezeka. Ngakhale kufotokozedwa kwa mbali za njira za agronomic, zomwe ndimagwirizana nazo, zinali zochititsa chidwi kwambiri.
Panthawi yodziwana ndi bizinesi ya mbatata, zonse zidandidabwitsa! M’dziko lino salima malo aakulu ngati athu. Mlimi wa ku India akhoza kulima munda wa kukula kwa chipinda cha mamita 25 ndikulima bwino mbatata mmenemo. Pamtengo wa zokolola, amadzidyetsa yekha kapena amapereka zokolola kumalo apadera ogawa.
Alimi am'deralo amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito zamanja ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosavuta zaulimi. Malo osungiramo masamba a alimi ambiri aku India amakhala ndi mashelufu amatabwa ndi makwerero okha. Amakweza maukonde olemera ndi ma tubers pamitu yawo, osagwiritsa ntchito njira zaukadaulo.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti amwenye omwe amagwira ntchito kumunda amatha kupititsa patsogolo ulimi popanda kuyikamo ndalama zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupereka zinthu zabwino osati kwa ogula omaliza, komanso kumakampani opangidwa bwino.
Irina Berg