Anthu: Anthu 618703, omwe pafupifupi 30% ndiomwe amakhala kumidzi.
Malo: Dera ili kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa gawo laku Europe la dzikolo, ndi gawo la North-West Federal District.
Nyengo: kotentha kochepa, pafupi ndi m'madzi. Kuchuluka kwa hydration, masika ozizira otentha, chilimwe chosatentha, chilimwe chotentha chotentha, nyengo yozizira ndi yodziwika. M'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yamtambo yambiri thaws imakhazikitsidwa m'derali. M'dzinja, nthawi zambiri kumagwa mvula, nthawi yayitali kwa kanthawi kochepa (pamwezi masiku 12- 17 ndi mvula). Mu nthawi yophukira, nyengo yamitambo imakhala yambiri chifupi (masiku 12-14 pamwezi), nyengo yamvula yambiri ngati mvula, mu Novembala nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati chipale chofewa.
Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi + 4,9 ° С. Chinyezi chapamwamba kwambiri chimapezeka nthawi yophukira-nthawi yachisanu, mu Novembala-Disembala chimafika 88%. Tsiku lomaliza la chisanu chomaliza masika ndi Meyi 18, chisanu choyamba nthawi yophukira ndi Seputembara 18. Nthawi yayitali yopanda chisanu ndi masiku 143.
Pakati pa nyengo yokula (masiku 175), mvula imagwa ndi 400-430 mm (60% yazomwe zimachitika pachaka). Chilimwe (nyengo kuyambira t pamwambapa + 10 ° С) imatenga masiku 140. Chivundikiro chokhazikika cha chisanu chimakhazikitsidwa pakati pa Disembala (tsiku loyambirira ndi Novembala 11) ndipo limatha masiku 110-120.
Mpumulo. Kumadzulo kwa chigawocho kuli malo okuya otchedwa Priilmen lowland, omwe kutalika kwake sikupita 60-70 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Kummawa kuli Mtunda wa Valdai wokhala ndi nyali zokhala ndi kutalika kotalika mamita 300. Magawo onsewa amagawidwa m'magawo awiri okhala ndi mafomu ochepetsa. Izi zimatchulidwa makamaka mkati mwa Valdai Upland.
Dothi. Dothi la Sodomu-podzolic limapezeka kuderali, ndipo nthawi zambiri limadzaza madzi mosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi mphamvu yocheperako yam'mlengalenga, acidity yowonjezereka, zakudya zochepa komanso michere yochepa.
Dera laulimi: 703,3 zikwi.
Dera la Novgorod ndi m'modzi mwa atsogoleri ku Northwestern Federal District pakupanga mbatata. Kukula kwa malowa kumathandizidwa ndi nthaka yabwino komanso nyengo komanso kuyandikira misika yamphamvu. Kukula kwa mbatata kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yopindulitsa kwambiri pamakampani omwe akukula. Phindu limakhala pakati pa 25 mpaka 45%. Mwachilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa mbatata zomwe zikugulitsidwa zikukula chaka chilichonse. Tiyeni tikukumbutseni kuti mu 2000 ma 160-180 matani zikwi zokha za "mkate wachiwiri" adalimidwa kudera la Novgorod. Mu 2015, opanga ulimi mderalo adatulutsa matani oposa 368 zikwi za mbatata, zomwe ndi 20% zochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi zotsatira za chaka chatha (kuphatikiza, zokolola zazikulu m'mabungwe azolimo zidakwera ndi 87%, m'minda ya anthu wamba - ndi 85%). Chifukwa chake, kwa aliyense wokhala m'dera la Novgorod chaka chino pali makilogalamu 595 a mbatata pamlingo wa 95 kg.
Mwambiri, kupanga mbatata pazaka zisanu zapitazi zakula nthawi 1,7.
Kuti chitukuko chikuyenda bwino paulimi ndikuwonjezera kulimba kwachuma kwa opanga ulimi, thandizo la boma likufunika. Njira zakuthandizira kotereku zimaperekedwa mu dongosolo la dera la State State "Kukula kwa malo ogulitsa mafakitale a Novgorod kwa chaka cha 2014-2020" ndi dipatimenti yolimbana ndi dipatimenti "Kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mbatata ndikupanga malo osungiramo zinthu (ogulitsa ndi ogawa) malo osungiramo, kukonzekera kusanachitike ndikugulitsa mbatata, masamba ndi zipatso Dera la Novgorod la 2014-2016. " Pansi pa mapulogalamu awa, opanga ulimi kuderali amalandila ndalama zothandizira kugula ndi kupanga mbewu za mbatata, kugula zida zosungira, kukonzekera kugulitsa usanachitike ndi kugulitsa mbatata, masamba ndi zipatso.
Minda ya mbatata
Zofunikira zofunikira zimapangidwa m'derali kuti ziwonjezeke kuphatikiza mbatata zamtundu wapamwamba.Mafamu aang'ono a Ivan Geletey, Sergey Yakovlev ochokera kuboma la Borovichi akuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino; Anatoly Lipatov, Denis Pavlyuk, Ivan Piraev wochokera kudera la Novgorod. Zopanga mwa izo zimafika 500 kg / ha.
Kuchulukitsa kwa mbatata kumachitikanso chaka chilichonse pamafamu a Vladimir Kondranin, Arbi Kadyrov ochokera ku Shimsky District, Nikolai Kolesnikov ochokera ku Soletsky District. Zopindulitsa mumabizinesi awa ndizokhazikika kwa 250-280 kg / ha.
Ntchito zatsopano zopangira mbatata pamayiko omwe angobwera kumene zikuchitikanso m'derali. Mchigawo cha Volotovsky, Novgorod Potato System LLC idabzala mahekitala 100 chaka chino, ndikupanga 300 c / ha. Chaka chamawa, kampaniyo ikufuna kuwonjezera malo okhalitsa mpaka mahekitala 300. Mchigawo cha Solets, Bristol LLC idabzala mahekitala 460 a mbatata, zokolola zake zimakhala 350 c / ha. Mapulani owonjezera malowa kukhala mahekitala 1200. Mukafika pamapangidwe, kuchuluka kwa mbatata kudzakhala matani 163.
Zachilengedwe
Kuti zisungidwe, kukonzekera kugulitsa ndi kugulitsa mbatata, malo atatu opangira zida zamangidwa m'derali (awiri ku Novgorod ndi amodzi ku zigawo za Borovichi), omwe amatha kupitilirapo matani 45 a mbatata. Izi zimatilola kuti tipeze anthu am'derali zinthu zabwino chaka chonse, kupereka mbatata zatsopano m'masitolo ogulitsa ndikugulitsa kunja kwa dera, zomwe zimapangitsa phindu la opanga. Pakutha kwa chaka chino, mbatata zatsopano za mbatata zokhala ndi matani 5,1 miliyoni zikhala zikugawidwa m'derali. Mu 2016, akukonzekera kumanga masamba ena awiri a mbatata m'maboma a Solets ndi Shim omwe amatha kusunga matani 30.
Kupanga mbewu
Kukula kwa mbatata kumakula ndikosatheka popanda mbeu yapamwamba. M'dera la Novgorod, minda isanu ya mbatata idakhazikitsidwa.
Tsopano mabizinesi akukulidwa. Chaka chino, malo omwe ali pansi pamabzala mbatata osankhika adakulitsidwa ndi 8% (poyerekeza ndi mulingo wa 2014).
Amakonzekera kuti minda iyi ipange zipatso zosaposa matani 8 a mbewu zosenda bwino. Gawo lotsatira ndikupanga labotale yopanga ma virus mbatata.
Mafelemu
Atatu sekondale ntchito zamaphunziro za mbiri yaulimi ndi Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources ya NovSU zikuyenda bwino m'chigawo cha Novgorod. Amapereka dera ndi anthu oyenerera. Chaka chilichonse, mabungwe awa amapatsa madipuloma kwa akatswiri pafupifupi 400 a sekondale yaukadaulo ndi akatswiri 50 aukadaulo wapamwamba, ambiri mwa omaliza maphunzirowo amapitiliza ntchito zawo m'mabizinesi otsogola m'derali.
Zoyembekeza
Cholinga chachikulu cha dera lino pankhani yaulimi ndikuti anthu onse azikhala ndi chakudya chomwe chimapangidwa ku Novgorod. Pankhaniyi, njira zokulitsira mbatata zitha kukhala chitsanzo kwa ena onse. Dera ladzaza kale ndi mbatata masiku ano. Chaka chamawa akukonzekera kupanga matani 400 XNUMX a mbatata, ndipo pali chidaliro kuti ntchitoyi ndi yeniyeni komanso yotheka.
Kuderali kuli malingaliro pamalo azomwe ndalama zingakhazikitsidwe madera osiyanasiyana, zina mwa izo zikufunidwa kale chifukwa cha nyengo yabwino yogulitsa madera.
Okonza ayamikirira dipatimenti ya zaulimi ndi Chakudya cha Novgorod Region pokonza zofunikira.