NYENGO YOTSATIRA YA ZAUlimi ILI KUTHA, ZIMENE ZINAKHALA ZOSANGALATSA KWA ALIMI A NTCHITO. OLIMA MBATA OCHOKERA M'ZIGWIRI ZOSIYANA M'DZIKOLI ANAULUZA ZA ZOTSATIRA ZAKE ZOYAMBIRIRA PAKATI PA KAFULUNZO WATHU WA KAKHALIDWE.
Danil Gusev, KFH Gusev D.S., Tambov dera
90 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Pofika pakati pa Okutobala, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya mbatata idakololedwa pafamu pazovuta kwambiri. Mvula yamphamvu imabwera tsiku lililonse, kotero ndizosatheka kuyambitsa kuyeretsa kwathunthu. Palibe njira zaukadaulo zopulumutsa, mathirakitala ndi magalimoto amangomira m'munda. Choyamba, timakumba m'madera omwe ali m'mapiri.
M’chilimwe, m’malo mwake, m’derali munali chilala ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Ngakhale kutentha kwa mpweya sikunakwere kwambiri monga mu 2021, nyengo idasokoneza kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Komabe, ndikhoza kunena pasadakhale kuti zokolola zidzakhala zapamwamba poyerekeza ndi nyengo yapitayi. Izi zitha kuwoneka mu kukula ndi mtundu, ngakhale m'malo omwe tinkapeza ma tubers ochepa.
Ndikudziwa za mitengo ya mbatata makamaka kuchokera kwa alimi omwe ndimawadziwa. Malire otsika lero ndi ma ruble 16, malire apamwamba ndi ma ruble 21 pa kilogalamu. Koma kumbukirani kuti mbatata ya Tambov nthawi zonse imakhala yokwera mtengo kuposa zinthu zochokera kumadera ena.
Sindikuganiza kuti ndizoyenera kudikirira kuti mtengo ukwere, ndipo muyenera kugulitsa mbatata pompano. osadziwikazomwe zidzachitike pamsika posachedwa, ndi 21 RUBLE - mtengo wamba pamtengo wamtengo wapatali ma kilogalamu azinthu mkati 12-13 ruble. Poganizira kukwera kwa mitengo komanso kufunika kosunga chizindikiro ndalama zothandizira chitukuko cha chuma ndizovomerezeka. |
Chaka chilichonse, mbatata zathu zimaperekedwa zochuluka kuchokera kumunda kupita ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu, kumene amazisankha mwa makina, kulongedza m’matumba ndi kugulitsidwa zambiri.
Sizingatheke kukhazikitsa mgwirizano ndi maunyolo ogulitsa, popeza palibe zoyendera zanu zoperekera tubers. Mavuto amadza ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu za ogulitsa, mwachitsanzo, kuperekedwa kwa mbatata yotsuka, kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira. Palibe ndalama zokwanira zothetsera vutoli, koma timadzipangira tokha zolinga zotere.
Kupanga chuma chambiri kumapita kumsika kumadera akumwera kwa Russia, North Caucasus, Central Black Earth Region, Moscow ndi St. Takhala tikulima mbatata kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo taphunzira kupanga ma tubers apamwamba kwambiri omwe amafunidwa ndi ogula kwambiri.
Pali mapulani owonjezera dera la mbatata mpaka mahekitala 110. Pokhala ndi minda yayikulu yaulimi, tingakwanitse, koma pakadali pano palibe zinthu zokwanira komanso luso laukadaulo. Popanda kukolola zokolola za chaka chino, zimakhala zovuta kuneneratu momwe nyengo yotsatira idzayambira. Mulimonsemo, sitichepetsa kuchuluka kwa zopanga.
Mpaka posachedwa, tidagula njere za anthu osankhika ochokera kunja ndikuzifalitsa m'minda yathu. Mitundu yosankhidwa ndi Red Lady, Lilly, Gala, Colomba, Madeira ndi Bernina. Ngati mavuto ayamba ndi kutumiza mbewu kuchokera ku Europe, tikhalabe kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri ndikuwononga chuma chathu. Panthawi imeneyi, ndikuyembekeza kuti zinthu padziko lapansi zidzakhazikika.
Victor Chudanov, LLC "Russian Vegetable" Chialtai m'mphepete
600 ha pansi pa mbatata
“Malinga ndi zotsatira za ntchito yokolola pafamu yathu, chaka chino chawonetsa zokolola zabwino kuposa 2021. Ndipo ndife okondwa ndi zotsatira zake.
Nyengo yonseyo inkaoneka ngati ikuyesa mphamvu zathu. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, ndithudi, anakondweretsa alimi a Altai. Koma m’chilimwe, zinthu za nyengo yathu monga kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, kutentha kwachilendo kufika madigiri 42, matalala, ndi mphepo yamkuntho zinkawonekera. Ndipo kale pakukolola, kumapeto kwa Seputembala, chisanu chimagunda.
Nthawi zonse, izi ndizovuta kwambiri pachikhalidwe. Koma, ngakhale kuti nyengo inali yovuta, ntchito zogwira ntchito za agronomic zinapangitsa kuti athe kukolola bwino.
Pa kilogalamu imodzi ya mbatata yamtundu wa intaneti lero m'derali amapereka pafupifupi ma ruble 15-16. Mmene mtengowo udzakhalire m’tsogolo, zidzadziŵika bwino ntchito yotuta ikatha. Koma, monga lamulo, pa nthawi ino pali kuwonjezeka kwa nyengo.
Zogulitsa zathu kuchokera m'minda zimatumizidwa nthawi yomweyo kusungirako ndikupita patsogolo. Zida zosinthira, kutsuka, kulongedza ndi kuyika mbatata zimatipatsa mwayi wogwira ntchito mwachindunji ndi ogulitsa ndi mapurosesa aku Russia.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, famuyo, kuwonjezera pa chakudya, imalima mbatata kuti ikonzedwe. Mgwirizano woperekera zake umatsirizidwa ndi kampani yayikulu yopanga tchipisi. Ndimaona kuti zinthu zomwe timagwirizana chaka chino ndi zovomerezeka.
Chaka chilichonse timabzala mbatata kudera la mahekitala pafupifupi 600, ndipo nyengo yotsatira idzakhalanso chimodzimodzi. Timagula mbewu zosankhika za mitundu Gala, Red Scarlett, Memphis, Riviera ndi ena m'minda yambewu ku Siberia ndi chapakati Russia. Timapeza kubereka koyamba kuchokera kwa osankhika ndikukulitsa mbatata kuchokera pamenepo.
Tatyana Kayukova, Oven LLC, Perm Territory
900 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Kukolola mbatata pafamuyo kwatha kale. Kunena zowona, takhumudwa ndi zotsatira za nyengo ino. Zokolola sizinapitilire 180 centner pa hekitala. Mbatata idakhala yaying'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda kudachokera 20 mpaka 30 peresenti. Ndalama zomwe adayikidwamo komanso zoyesayesa za ogwira ntchito sizinali zomveka, nyengo idathetsa zoyesayesa zathu zonse.
May ndi June kunakhala mvula ndi kuzizira, yabwino kwa mapangidwe tubers. Chiwerengero chawo chinafika pa 30 pa chitsamba chilichonse, zomwe zinatithandiza kuyembekezera zokolola zabwino kwambiri. Komabe, July ndi August, miyezi yovuta kwambiri pa chikhalidwe, inadutsa popanda mvula. Chilala chinali ndi zotsatira zokhumudwitsa pa mbatata, chitukuko cha tubers chinasiya.
Panthawi yokolola, kunalinso kouma, choncho tinagwira ntchito yonse mofulumira kwambiri, mkati mwa milungu iwiri. Koma ubwino wa mankhwala omwe analandira siwosangalala.
Mu Perm Territory, mtengo wogula mbatata zazing'ono ndi ma ruble 6-7 pa kilogalamu, pa mbatata zazikulu - ma ruble 16-17. Tsoka ilo, kufunikira kumakhalabe kotsika pakadali pano. Mbatata za sing'anga ndi zazikulu zikufunika kwambiri, ndipo ogula ma tubers ang'onoang'ono akuyesera kutsitsa mtengo wotsika kale.
Nthawi zambiri famuyo imagulitsa zokolola kuchokera kumunda kumapeto kwa July kapena kumayambiriro kwa August. Koma chaka chino, mbatata yoyambirira idacha pofika pa Ogasiti 26, ndipo matani 200 okha adagulitsidwa kumapeto kwa mweziwo. Ndipo mpaka pano, matani 1,6 zikwi agulitsidwa.
Mu nyengo yatsopano, tidzabzala mbatata patebulo pamalo omwewo, ndikusunga mitundu yayikulu - Gala. Koma oyang'anira famuyo adzasankha zogula mbewu pambuyo pake, kutengera zomwe timapereka pamsika komanso kuthekera kwathu.
Vladimir Kravtsun, Stanitsa LLC, Stavropol Territory
150 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Pofika pakati pa mwezi wa October, kukolola kwa mbewu kukukulirakulira, pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya voliyumu yonse yakumbidwa kale. Ziwerengerozi ndi zapamwamba kuposa chaka chatha, ndipo ngati nyengo ikuloleza, pali mwayi weniweni wopeza zokolola zabwino.
Mvula inagwa kwambiri chaka chino. Kunagwa mvula m’chilimwe chonse, ndipo m’kudza kwa autumn sikunayime. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyeretsa m'nyumba kumachedwa. Timakumba mbatata kwa masiku atatu, kenako timakhala osagwira ntchito kwa sabata, kenako timabwerera kumunda kwa masiku angapo ndikusiyanso ntchito.
Mitengo yogula m'derali imasiyana kuchokera ku 20 mpaka 24 rubles pa kilogalamu, zonse zimatengera gawo la mbatata. Palibe mavuto ogulitsa, katundu wathu amachoka mofulumira. Ogulitsa amatenga mwachindunji kuchokera ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ndipo mbatata imatumizidwa kudera lonse la Stavropol Territory, kutumizidwa ku Kabardino-Balkaria ndi Krasnodar Territory.
Nthawi zambiri timayesetsa kugulitsa zokolola nthawi yomweyo, malinga ngati mtengo wake utikwanira, monga pakali pano. Sindikuwona chifukwa chilichonse chodikirira phindu lochulukirapo, chifukwa sitikudziwa momwe msika ungakhalire mu December kapena March. Kuonjezera apo, tilibe malo osungira mabuku akuluakulu, ndipo tikufuna kupewa zotayika zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ndondomekoyi. Koma ngati tilibe nthawi yogulitsa zokolola, pamene mitengo ikugwira ntchito, tidzasiya zina mwazokolola m'nyengo yozizira.
M'nyengo yotsatira, tikukonzekera kugawa malo kuyambira mahekitala 150 mpaka 200 a mbatata, monga zaka zam'mbuyomu. Famuyi imakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yakunja. Choyamba, awa ndi Bellarosa, Desiree, Vega, Picasso, Arizona, Colomba ndi ena omwe akufunika pakati pa ogula.
Tikhala tikugwira ntchito yogula mbewu mu Januware-February 2023. Ndikuyembekeza kuti sipadzakhala mavuto ndi katundu wake kuchokera ku Ulaya.