Gulu: Anthu oyamba
Imodzi mwamafamu apamwamba kwambiri a mbatata ndi masamba m'chigawo cha Saratov ndi famu ya P.Yu. Shcherenko. Kuphatikiza pa "mkate wachiwiri", zonse zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu "borscht set" zimamera pano: beets, anyezi, kaloti, kabichi, nkhaka ndi tomato. Ndipo amachita bwino kwambiri: mu 2013, matani 1,8 a masamba ndi matani XNUMX a mbatata adapangidwa.
Zakale za mbiriyakale
Famuyo (poyamba idatchedwa "Sofia") yakhala ikupereka masamba kwa anthu okhala m'chigawo cha Engels, Engels ndi Saratov kwa zaka 16. Mu 1998, idakonzedwa ndikutsogoleredwa ndi Pavel Yurevich Shcherenko - atangolandira dipuloma kuchokera ku Saratov Institute of Mechanisation dzina lake. M.I. Kalinina. Poyamba, dera lofesedwa pafamuyo linali mahekitala 24 okha. Famu yaulimi idakula mwachangu: kuti mupeze phindu, kunali kofunikira kupanga zinthu zambiri.
Kusintha kwa chitukuko cha chuma chinali kupeza maziko ake kupanga m'dera la Novopushkinsky mudzi.
M’kupita kwa nthawi, famu yaing’onoyo inakula n’kukhala yaikulu kwambiri m’derali. Dera lofesedwa mu 2014 ndi mahekitala 282. Chiwerengero cha antchito okhazikika ndi anthu 23; ogwira ntchito zanyengo amalembedwa ntchito nthawi yantchito. Ndipo mankhwalawa amagulitsidwa osati m'chigawo cha Saratov, komanso m'madera oyandikana nawo a Penza ndi Samara, komanso amaperekedwa ku Moscow, St. Petersburg ndi Tatarstan.
Zinsinsi Zopambana
Ndikosatheka kulima masamba ndi mbatata m'malo owuma a dera la Volga popanda kuthirira, chifukwa chake famuyi imayang'ana kwambiri zida zaukadaulo zamadera othirira. Pazaka zisanu zapitazi, kukonzanso kwakukulu kwachitika pafamuyo mwadongosolo: mapaipi akuyalidwa, ntchito ikuchitika kuti m'malo mwa makina opopera a Fregat ndi amakono komanso okwera mtengo, zida za drip zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. , zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wa madzi ndikuwonjezera zokolola za mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndikupanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.. Chaka chino, kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino malo othirira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi moyenera, sprinkler yothirira idagulidwa ndikuyika pamalo a mahekitala 13. Ponseponse, mahekitala 245 a nthaka ali pansi pa ulimi wothirira.
Kuphatikiza pa luso lamakono mu ulimi wothirira, gulu la famuyo la makina aulimi linasinthidwa kotheratu: makina obzala mbewu opangidwa bwino kwambiri, obzala ndi kusanja makina, mathirakitala olemera padziko lonse lapansi ndi zida zofunikira zotsatiridwa zidagulidwa.
Famuyi imagwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zaulimi polima ndi kukonza nthaka yobzala, imaphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere, imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoteteza zomera, imayambitsa njira zamakono zopulumutsira zinthu popanga, ndikuyang'anitsitsa kasinthasintha wa mbewu. Kuyambira chaka chino, ukadaulo wokulitsa kabichi wasinthiratu njira yamakaseti. Tsopano kubzala ikuchitika mu magawo angapo. Choyamba, mbewu za kabichi zimayikidwa pamanja pamakaseti apadera odzazidwa ndi dothi la peat. Kenako makina obzala ndi kubzala amapanga mabowo patali (pafupifupi 33 centimita, popanda mipata), amatsitsa mbande pansi ndikukumba mu mmera. Zokolola zamakina oterowo ndi mahekitala awiri kapena atatu patsiku logwira ntchito, kotero kubzala kumatha kuchitika kwakanthawi kochepa. Njira yopita patsogoloyi imapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri (matani 100 pa hekitala poyerekeza ndi matani 70 pa hekitala ndi kufesa mwachindunji). Ndipo kabichi imakula mpaka kukula koyenera kugulitsidwa (kulemera kwapakati - 3,5 kg).
Chaka chilichonse, ntchito yosintha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukonzanso kwa mbewu zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri zochokera kwa opanga masamba apadziko lonse lapansi zimagulidwa. Famuyi imakhala ndi mahekitala 60 a mbatata; zokolola ndiukadaulo womwe ulipo m'madera ena zimafikira 400 c/ha.
Pamaziko a bizinesi, masemina ndi misonkhano imachitika nthawi zonse ndi ma manejala ndi akatswiri amakampani azaulimi, atsogoleri a minda ya anthu wamba pakusamutsa njira zabwino zamabizinesi ndikukhazikitsa matekinoloje ogwira mtima.
Gawo lofunikira: kusungirako
Famuyi ili ndi malo awiri osungira masamba omwe ali ndi mphamvu zokwana matani 4,8 zikwi. Masamba amasungidwa m'njira ziwiri: zambiri ndi chidebe.
Nkhani za zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono za malo osungiramo zinthu zikuthetsedwa mwachangu: makina opangira mpweya wabwino aikidwa, omwe achepetsa kwambiri kutayika komanso kupititsa patsogolo zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'nyengo yozizira; nyumba zosungiramo katundu zimatetezedwa; pansi, zipata, ndi denga zikusinthidwa; malo ali okonzeka kukonzekera chisanadze kugulitsa ndi kusungira kwakanthawi zinthu zomalizidwa.
TsKP: mgwirizano ulipo
Mu 2014, pagawo la famuyo, m'malo mwa imodzi mwa malo osungiramo katundu, bizinesi yapadera ya agro-industrial complex inatsegulidwa - malo ogwiritsira ntchito pamodzi zipangizo zamakono.
Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti malo ogwiritsira ntchito pamodzi nthawi zambiri amatchula ma laboratories kapena malo ofufuzira omwe ali ndi ndalama kuchokera ku bajeti ya federal, ndipo asayansi osiyanasiyana ndi magulu ofufuza amalandira ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodula.
Komabe, muulimi, teknoloji imafunanso ndalama zambiri, ndipo chitukuko cha mabizinesi aulimi sichingatheke popanda izo. Kumvetsetsa izi, mutu wa famu wamba Shcherenko P.Yu. adapereka lingaliro loti apange malo ophunzitsira m'chigawo cha Engels ku Unduna wa Zachuma wachigawo. Iye anafotokoza kufunika kokwaniritsa ntchitoyi motere: “Tsopano pafupifupi maunyolo onse ogulitsa amafuna zolongedza zamakono ndipo amafuna kuti masamba asankhidwe. Ndipo alimi alibe ndalama zowonjezera zogulira zingwe zopakira ndi zida zoyeretsera ndi kuchapa; ndalama zonse zimayikidwa kuti apange masamba. ”
Ntchitoyi idayamikiridwa ndi nthumwi zonse za unduna ndi alimi amderalo. Kuti alandire thandizo la boma, minda isanu ndi umodzi ikuluikulu m'derali idalumikizana kukhala "mgwirizano". Wachisanu ndi chiwiri wa gululo anali cannery ya Pokrovsky, yomwe imaperekedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa "zosavomerezeka" (mwachitsanzo, kaloti wosweka, beets wosweka, ndi zina zotero) kuchokera ku malo opangira makina opangira masamba am'chitini.
Nyumba yosungiramo katundu yomwe anapatsidwa ndi Pavel Shcherenko inali ndi mizere yamakono yochapa, kuyeretsa ndi kulongedza katundu wachikulire.
Chipinda chimodzi chosungiramo katundu chimaperekedwa kwa chipinda cha firiji, ziwiri zowonjezera zipinda zolandirira kwakanthawi, ziwiri kukhazikitsa mizere yoyeretsera (imodzi imagwiritsa ntchito njira yonyowa yotsuka - kutsuka mbatata, kaloti, ndi zina zotero, yachiwiri imagwira ntchito youma - anyezi, mzere wachitatu - kukonza kabichi.
Kuchuluka kwa mizere iyi kudzakhala matani 21 azinthu pachaka.
Mtengo wopangira CCP udafika pafupifupi ma ruble 114 miliyoni (ma ruble 56,4 miliyoni - ndalama kuchokera ku bajeti ya federal, ma ruble 14,1 miliyoni - gawo la Treasury yachigawo ndi 43 miliyoni - kuchokera kumagwero owonjezera (ndalama zochokera kwa alimi)).
Tsopano kuperekedwa kwa zinthu kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito pamodzi kutha kuchitidwa ndi mamembala onse a cooperative ndi ena opanga zaulimi (omwe si mamembala a cooperative) pamaziko a mapangano opereka chithandizo pokonzekera kugulitsa zinthu zisanachitike. .
Ubwino waukulu!
Zogulitsa zomwe zimalimidwa m'minda ya famuyi zimafunidwa kwambiri ndi anthu okhala m'chigawo cha Engels ndi kupitilira apo. Chaka chilichonse, bizinesiyo imapatsidwa dipuloma kuti achite nawo Chiwonetsero cha All-Russian Agro-Industrial Exhibition "Golden Autumn". adadziwika mobwerezabwereza ngati wopambana mpikisano wachigawo kwa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale olima mafakitale ndipo adalandira mphotho pakati pa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, minda yaulimi (yaulimi) ndi amalonda omwe adalandira kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ndalama zonse ndipo adapeza zokolola zapamwamba kwambiri.
Bizinesiyo yapanga malo onse ochezera komanso okhala kwa antchito: canteen, bafa, ndi chipinda chopumira zilipo. Ogwira ntchito amawatengera kumalo awo antchito ndi magalimoto apafamu.
Akatswiri amafamu akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse kuti apititse patsogolo luso lawo, kutenga nawo mbali m'masemina apadera, komanso kuphunzira zomwe zachitika padziko lonse lapansi komanso zapakhomo pakukonza zopanga pamsika.
Kuyikirapo mtima ndi chipiriro pakukwaniritsa zolinga zoikika, kulanga komanso udindo waukulu, komanso kuthekera kopanga zisankho zoyenera mwachangu zimalola oyang'anira kusunga famuyo pamlingo wapamwamba waukadaulo ndikukwaniritsa zotsatira zopanga zapamwamba.