Zikhala chiyani chaka cha 2018 cha alimi a mbatata ndizosatheka kuneneratu. Koma kuphukira kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko lathu kukhazikitsa poyambira. Tidikirira chilimwe chosakwanira!
Igor Kartuzov, Potato LLC, Sverdlovsk Region
100 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Timakumana ndi nyengo yatsopano tili ndi malingaliro abwino. Chaka chino m'chigawo cha Sverdlovsk pali zinthu zabwino kwambiri zobzala mbatata: ndife owuma, osati otentha, osazizira. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika mothamanga kwambiri, tili kumunda kwa maola 12-14 ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti pofika Meyi 25 (kuyambira lero olosera zam'mbuyo akulonjeza nyengo yamvula m'derali) zonse zofunikira zichitike, "michira yonse" "ayeretsedwa.
Zosintha zazikulu m'munda mwathu mu 2018 zimakhudzana ndi malingaliro amitundu mitundu: tidapendekera ku njira zoweta zoweta, tsopano 40% ya mitundu yonse yolimidwa ndizopindulitsa za sayansi yaku Russia (ndipo makamaka Ural). Famu yathu yakhala ikuwonetsa chidwi ndi mitundu ya Ural kwazaka zingapo, timakopeka ndi kuyandikira kwa Ural Research Institute of Agriculture kwa ife, komanso mtundu wa mbewu zawo, komanso mtengo wazinthuzi. Famu yathu ili ndi luso lokulitsa mitundu yambiri ya Agricultural Research Institute (monga Irbitsky, Gornyak, Bravo, ndi ena), pali kumvetsetsa - kuti ndi iti yomwe ili yoyenera kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa, yomwe imasungidwa nthawi yayitali. Kusankha mbatata kwanuko ndikofunikira m'masitolo athu, ndipo sitimapereka m'dera lathu lokha, komanso kupitirira malire ake.
Ndikuganiza mu nyengo yotsatira, ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, tidzagawana kwambiri malo a mitundu ya Ural ndipo tidzakulitsa mbatata zakunja ndi zakunja (Germany, Holland) mokulira.
M'mawa kwambiri kumanga mapulani a mbewuyi nyengo ino, zimatengera momwe dzinja limakhalira. Koma tikuyembekeza kuti zokolola wamba paminda yathu zizikhala 25-30 t / ha (ziwerengero sizitali, popeza timatulutsa mbatata za mbewu ndi mbatata zamtundu woyamba).
Vladimir Volkov, mkulu wa Shatki wogulitsa ulimi, Nizhny Novgorod dera
50 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Kasupe mdera lathu adatisangalatsa ndi nyengo yabwino, sitingadandaule za kutentha kwa mpweya kapena kuchuluka kwa mpweya - mbatata zidabzalidwa m'malo abwino komanso nthawi yabwino. Ntchito yobzala idamalizidwa pakati pa Meyi. Chokhacho chomwe chidawonjezera ntchentche m'mafuta kuti chikhale chodabwitsa chinali mitengo yokwera yamafuta ndi mafuta.
Chaka chino tachulukitsa malowa pansi pa mbatata ndi mahekitala 20, tikufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka. Zolima, tidasankha mitundu yotsimikiziridwa: Skarb, LaBella, Gala, Agata. Chifukwa chake, tidzalandira malonda okhala ndi maturity osiyanasiyana ndipo tidzatha kupatsa makasitomala katundu pazakudya zilizonse: mbatata zoyera, zachikaso ndi zofiira.
Evgeny Yakovlev, woimira "IP Yakovlev D.E.", dera la Kostroma
38 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Tikumaliza kufika (kuyambira Meyi 23, ed.), M'malingaliro mwanga, nyengo yabwino kwambiri. Tikukhulupirira kuti nyengo yonse idzayenda bwino.
Chaka chatha, tidapeza zokolola zabwino (ngakhale kuti tinayenera kugwira ntchito zolimba kuti tichite izi, kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chodzitetezera chomera kudali kuwirikiza kawiri) ndipo kudachitidwa moyenera. Mwa izi, ndikupambana, malowa adachulukirachulukira. Timasintha mitundu yambiri pachaka, timakula komanso ochokera kunja. Chaka chino, mitundu ya Vektar Belarussky idawonjezedwa pamzera. Akatswiri akuti zikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino pamadothi akunyumba, ndipo zachuma zathu pamalowo pali malo.
Alexander Shatalov, Woyang'anira wa Melen Potato LLC, Bryansk Region
1450 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Famuyo idamaliza kubzala pa Meyi 16, yomwe yachedwa pang'ono kuposa masiku onse. Chaka chino, matalala ambiri adagwa mdera lathu, ndipo chifukwa cha kasupe wozizira, chinyezi chambiri chidakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali. Poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, dera la mbatata lawonjezeka ndi mahekitala 150.
Mitundu yakukula imangosankhidwa-wololera, kupereka zotsatira zotsimikizika komanso kufunika pamsika. Pachikhalidwe pazachuma chathu, awa ndi Red Scarlett, Impala, Vineta. Komanso chaka chino tikubweretsa mitundu yatsopano ya Leoni.
Sindili wokonzeka kulingalira za zokolola, koma ndikuganiza kuti zotsatira zake siziyenera kukhala zoyipa kuposa chaka chatha.
Alexey Semenov, Mutu wa Agrokhmel LLC, Chuvash Republic
70 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Kubzala (pa Meyi 24, - kuchokera kwa akonzi) kukupitilizabe, ndipo mdera lathu izi sizingaganizidwe ngati kuphwanya malamulo agronomic. Tikuchepetsa malowa pansi pa mbatata mu 2018, izi zakhala zikupitilira m'munda mwathu kwa zaka zingapo motsatizana (mu 2011 panali mahekitala 200 a mbatata). Chifukwa: mitengo yosakhazikika yazogulitsa. Kutengera momwe msika ulili, titha kugulitsa mbatata pa 10 kapena 15 rubles / kg, ndipo nthawi zina mumayenera kulipira 5 rubles / kg. Ndizovuta kuneneratu kuchuluka kwa zomwe muyenera kukulitsa nyengo ino kuti musatayike pakugwa. Kupanga izi, mwa lingaliro langa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa malamulo aboma.
Vuto lina ndi kusowa kwa anthu kumidzi. Sitingathe kulipira ndalama zambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito ndikuchepa mwachilengedwe.
Timakula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata: Ramona, Red Scarlett, Gala, Luck, Nevsky, Zhukovsky bala., Rocco. Tikuthandizanso pakupanga mbatata za mbewu, kukulitsa ochepa, mu kugwa tidzapeza osankhika apamwamba.
Valery Berezovsky, wamkulu wa famu "Egorsha", dera la Tula.
40 ha pansi pa mbatata
- Nyengoyi idayamba bwino, kutera kunachitika m'malo abwino. Madera ena amapatsidwa mbatata pafamu, pachaka timabzala mahekitala 30-40. Famuyi imagwira ntchito yolima mbatata zobzala kwambiri, iyi ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri komanso yovuta, chifukwa chake sitikufuna kuwonjezera voliyumu.
Timagwira ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana - yakunyumba ndi yakunja. Mbewu zamitundu yakunyumba zimagulitsidwa makamaka kwa makasitomala. Monga lamulo, mbewu izi zimagulidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi pakupanga zinthu zachilengedwe (minda iliyonse, "okhalamo"). Mbatata zosankhidwa ndi Russia zitha kulimidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito "chemistry". Timapereka mbewu zakunja kwakunja kumabizinesi amakampani.
Mwa zovuta za 2018, zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira za nthawi yophukira, nditha kuzindikira kutha kovuta kwa nyengo yatha. Chiyambireni kutumiza kwa mbatata zatsopano zakunja ku Russia, mtengo wa mbatata zam'nyumba mdziko lathu wagwa kwambiri. Mafamu ambiri omwe sanakwanitse kugulitsa mbewu zawo masika asanawonongeke, ena anakakamizika kubzala ndalama zotsalazo, ndikuwonjezera mahekitala 100-200 kumadera omwe anakonzekera. Pamodzi ndi mabizinesi awa, minda yamafamu idavutikanso, chifukwa kufunikira kwa malonda awo kudagwa kwambiri.