Kuchokera m'magazini: No. 1 2014
Gulu: Anthu oyamba
Ndimalemekeza anthu ogwira ntchito kumunda
Ngati mupanga mapu a "makona a mbatata" aku Russia, amodzi mwa malo olemekezeka adzapita kuchigawo cha Arzamas cha dera la Nizhny Novgorod. Kupitilira matani 150 a "mkate wachiwiri" amapangidwa kuno chaka chilichonse. Ndizodabwitsa kuti ogwira ntchito athu a ukonzi amakhala alendo pafupipafupi padziko lapansi pano.
Lero tikukupemphani kuti mupite ku bizinesi ina yopambana m'derali - famu ya banja la Labzin. Mwana wa woyambitsa bizinesi ndi mlimi wodziwa zambiri kuyambira ali mwana, Ivan Labzin, adzatiuza za mbiri yake komanso lero.
- Mumawerenga mbiri ya famu yanu kuyambira chaka chanji?
- Ndizovuta kutchula tsiku lenileni. Tinganene kuti: mu 1992, anthu khumi a m’mudzi mwathu anachoka pafamu ya boma n’kukakhala famu. Ena mwa iwo ndi bambo anga, SERGEY Aleksandrovich Labzin.
Mlimi wa novice ndiye adapatsidwa gawo la mahekitala 3 maekala 14, koma panalibe zida zaumwini zokwanira, kotero kunali kosavuta kulima pamodzi. Poyamba tinayesetsa kukula chirichonse: anyezi, anyezi, shuga beets, tirigu, mbatata. Kenako tinakhazikika pa mbatata ndi mbewu. Iwo anayamba kupanga pang'onopang'ono, anapeza zipangizo ndi ... anagawidwa m'mafamu odziimira okha. Pamapeto pake, aliyense anapita njira yake.
“Zinali zovuta kuyambitsa bizinezi yatsopano m’zaka zimenezo pamene aliyense anali kugwira ntchito yolipidwa pamwezi, ndi kutenga udindo waukulu wosamalira banja. Kodi bambo ako adanong'oneza bondo kuti adakhala mlimi?
- Ndiuzeni, komwe kuli kosavuta kugwira ntchito kumidzi? Onse aŵiri abambo ndi amayi ankagwira ntchito pafamu ya boma ndi kulima dimba lawolawo. Panali zokumana nazo. Zoonadi, zinali zachilendo kuti chirichonse m'moyo chinayamba kudalira pa iwo okha: kuchuluka kwa khama lomwe mumapanga ndi momwe mumapezera. Koma famu ya bomayo inagwa mofulumira kwambiri, anthu analibenso chochitira china. Choncho palibe chimene mungadandaule nazo.
- Zinatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti akhazikitse famuyi? Kotero kuti musawerenge ndalama iliyonse?
- Kwa zaka pafupifupi 15, makolo anga ankagwira ntchito popanda kumva phindu lililonse. Ndalama zonse zidagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo pazosowa za famuyo. Zida, zida zosinthira, mafuta, mbewu ... Kwa nthawi yayitali, tidabzala chilichonse mwanjira yakale, monga momwe tidazolowera m'minda yamasamba. Kenako adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waku Europe pobzala mbatata, ndipo zotsatira zina zidawonekera.
- Munayamba liti kugwira ntchito?
- Inde, ndakhala ndikuchita nawo nthawi zonse: ngati makolo ali m'munda nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti ana sangathe kuthandiza. Ngati tilankhula za mlingo waukulu, ndiye, mwina, mu 2000. Ndinkaphunzirabe ku Technical University, koma ndinkakhala nthawi yambiri pafamuyo - makamaka pamene kubzala kapena kukolola kunali kuchitika, ndinafufuza zonse. Sindinganene kuti adandikakamiza, zinali zosangalatsa kwa ine.
-Kodi simunamve kuyitanidwa kuti mugwire ntchito ngati injiniya?
“Bambo anga anaumirira kuti nditalandira dipuloma yanga ndiyenera kukagwira ntchito yapaderadera. Zinanditengera kwa mwezi umodzi ndi theka, kenako ndinaganiza kuti ndingogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zanga.
- Anthu ambiri m'malo mwanu angakonde kugwira ntchito muofesi. Ndinali wolakwa?
"Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta, koma moyo ndi wokonda kwambiri." Iyi ndi ntchito yapadera. Nthawi zambiri, ndimalemekeza kwambiri anthu ogwira ntchito kumunda. Awa ndi ogwira ntchito molimbika, okonda ntchito - kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku, masiku asanu ndi awiri pa sabata - m'munda. Koma amadyetsa anthu.
- Kodi mungafune tsogolo lotere kwa mwana wanu?
- Iye akadali ndi zaka 11 zokha. Ndizovuta kulosera zomwe angasankhe, koma sindidzasokoneza. Ngati akufuna kukhala dokotala, mwina uku ndi kuitana kwake? Koma ngati apitiriza mzerawo, ndidzakhala wokondwa kwambiri, makamaka popeza adzalandira maziko abwino kwambiri
- Tiuzeni, zinthu zikuyenda bwanji pafamu yanu tsopano?
- Pakalipano tikulima mahekitala 700: tikubzala mbewu ndi mbatata. Posachedwa tamaliza ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa ife - tinamaliza kumanga nyumba yosungiramo katundu - kapena, molondola, malo opangira zinthu. Chipinda chamakono, chotenthedwa, chokhala ndi makina apakompyuta olowera mpweya. Ntchito yomanga inayamba m’chaka cha 2010, koma m’chakachi munali otanganidwa kwambiri chifukwa chilalacho chinatichititsa kuiwala mapulani ambiri. Anaziika pambali kwa kanthawi, koma sanazisiye. Tsopano chomwe chatsala ndikukonza malo mozungulira
Tsopano tili ndi malo osungira anayi okhala ndi matani okwana 6,5 zikwi. Tikhoza kusunga mbatata zonse zomwe timapanga osati kuthamangira kugulitsa. Kuti tiwonjezere liwiro la kukonza zinthu, tidagula zida zonse zosungiramo katundu: zotengera, zolandirira nkhokwe, ma stackers.
Tidalimbitsa udindo wathu m'malo ena: tidagula thirakitala yatsopano, yokolola bwino mbatata (tikukhulupirira kuti pankhani ya zokolola ilowa m'malo asanu akale); zomata zidasinthidwa: zomata, etc. Tinagula KAMAZ yonyamulira mbatata. Tsopano kudzakhala kotheka kunyamula matani 18-20 pa nthawi yomweyo (kale zikanakhala zofunikira kunyamula "udzu" atatu).
Nthawi zambiri, ndife okonzeka nyengo! Tidzayesa kulima ndi kukolola zokolola zambiri, ngati nyengo ikuloleza.
- Kodi mumalima mbatata zokha?
- Chipinda chodyera chokha ndichogulitsa. Mbewu - pang'ono nokha. Ngakhale timayesetsa kusinthira mitundu yonse, timagula zomwe zatumizidwa kunja. Tinayesa kubzala Chirasha kangapo: tinasankha mosamala kwambiri, tinapita kumunda, tikuwona momwe amakulira - zonse zinkawoneka bwino, zonse zinali bwino. Koma m'mikhalidwe yathu sikunali kotheka kukula.
- Kodi muli ndi magawo a maudindo m'banja mwanu?
- Ine ndi bambo anga tikugwira ntchito yolima, amayi anga, Margarita Ivanovna, akugwira ntchito yogulitsa mbewuyo. Sindikuganiza kuti ntchito iliyonse ndiyosavuta, zidangochitika choncho.
Timapanga zisankho zonse pamodzi, kukambirana, ndi kupanga ndondomeko ya chaka. Timatsutsana, ndithudi, makamaka pankhani yoyambitsa china chatsopano. Ndimasangalala msanga, makolo anga amasamala kwambiri. Koma pamapeto pake timapeza zosagwirizana.
- Kodi mumagulitsa mbatata kwa makasitomala okhazikika? Nthawi zambiri zokolola zimapita kuti?
- Ambiri mwa ogula ndi makasitomala athu okhazikika. Anthu amadziwa bwino mtundu wa mbatata zomwe timagulitsa (sizingatheke kunyenga apa: mu mphindi zisanu aliyense adzadziwa zonse), ndipo amachokera kutali kudzagula. Zambiri mwazinthu zathu zimatumizidwa ku Moscow ndikugulitsidwa kumeneko kudzera pamaneti komanso pamisika.
- Mumapeza kuti zambiri zazinthu zatsopano pamsika? Kodi mumawerenga zolemba, zosindikizira, ma portal? Kodi mumapitako ku ziwonetsero?
- Ndimagwiritsa ntchito magwero onse omwe alipo. Kamodzi pazaka ziwiri zilizonse ndimapita ku chiwonetsero cha Agritechnica ku Germany ndikupita nawo ku zochitika zazikuluzikulu za ku Russia. Ndimasonkhanitsa magazini, manyuzipepala, ndi timabuku kulikonse kuti ndiziphunzira mwatsatanetsatane kunyumba ndi kusankha zomwe ndikufuna. Ndimayesetsa kuti ndisaphonye masemina ophunzitsira ndi Field Days. Ndimalankhulana ndi anansi anga.
-Kodi mumapeza bwanji nthawi yochita zonsezi? M'nyengo yozizira?
- Tsoka ilo, pali kusowa koopsa kwa nthawi ngakhale mu nyengo yopuma. Posachedwapa ndinayenera kuyang'ana wothandizira: kuti ndipereke mapepala, kuyitanitsa zida zopuma, ndi "chizoloŵezi" china chosavuta kwa iye.
- Kodi pali antchito ena olembedwa pafamu?
- Inde, tsopano anthu asanu ndi atatu akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Tili ndi gulu laling'ono labwino kwambiri komanso loyenerera, lomwe mwanjira zambiri ndilo chinsinsi chakuchita bwino kwa bizinesi yonse.
Tikuyitanitsa antchito owonjezera kuti azigwira ntchito zanyengo: kuphatikiza ogwira ntchito, madalaivala onyamula mbewu.
Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti zonse zimasunthidwa pamapewa a ena. Gawo lililonse limachitika pansi paulamuliro wokhazikika wa "mwini": ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zonse zomwe zili zabwino komanso kutsata nthawi. Tili ndi bizinesi komwe zolakwa ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri: ngati mutabzala molakwika, palibe chomwe chidzakula.
- Mukuwona bwanji tsogolo la famu yanu? Kodi mudzakula ndikuwonjezera dera?
- Ndizovuta kunena: palibe malo aulere pafupi, sindikufuna kugula kutali. Ndipo si kukula kwa chiwembucho; sindimavutika ndi gigantism.
Pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo ndinapita ku Germany ndipo ndinali paulendo wopita ku famu ina yapadera yolima mbatata. Ndinachita chidwi kwambiri ndi bungwe loganiziridwa bwino la ntchito: njira yowonongeka yogula mbewu, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, chisamaliro ... Ndikufuna kubweretsa ku ungwiro zomwe tili nazo. Kugwira ntchito ngati wotchi. Tsoka ilo, izi sizingatheke mu nthawi yochepa.
- Mukukonzekera kuyambitsa mbatata?
- Sindikupatula kutukuka kotereku; malo osungirako ndi oyenera kuyikapo pang'ono. Koma pakali pano awa ndi maganizo chabe.
Panali lingaliro lotsegula chomera chowumitsa. Ndinapita ku Belarus, Chuvashia, ndikuyang'ana momwe ntchito m'mabizinesi ofananawo amapangidwira kumeneko. Koma vuto la msika wogulitsa malonda silinadziwike. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwanga, mtengo wa chinthu chomaliza udzakhala wokwera kwambiri, ndipo sitingathe kupikisana ndi zopereka zaku China.
-M'malingaliro anu, ndi makhalidwe ati omwe munthu akuyenera kukhala nawo kuti achite ngozi ndikutsegula munda wake?
- Muyenera kukonda nthaka, kugwira ntchitoyo, osachita khama komanso nthawi, osakhala waulesi pakuwongolera nokha - yang'anani zambiri zaukadaulo watsopano, sankhani zomwe zikulonjeza, ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito patsamba lanu. Ndipo khalani ndi ndalama zokwanira: zida ndi feteleza ndizokwera mtengo, koma simungathe kuchita popanda iwo.
- Kodi mukuganiza kuti m'tsogolomu padzakhala minda yambiri? Kodi mudzi wathu uli ndi tsogolo?
- Mudzi wathu (monga ena ambiri m'derali) wangosintha m'zaka zaposachedwa. Nyumba zatsopano zabwino zakula, misewu ndi yosamalidwa bwino, minda yalimidwa. Anthu amafuna kukhala m’midzi ndi kugwira ntchito m’minda. Ndithudi ali ndi tsogolo.