Malinga ndi EastFruit, m'miyezi isanu yoyambirira ya nyengo ino yokha, dziko lino lidakwanitsa kutumiza katundu wopitilira katatu konse kuposa chaka chonse chotsatsa. Pakadali pano, kulowetsedwa kwa wowuma wa mbatata ku Ukraine kwatsika kwambiri, ndipo malingaliro azamalonda mdziko muno atha kufikira zizindikiritso zabwino pazaka zisanu zapitazi.
Kodi zonse zili bwino kwenikweni, kodi Ukraine idatha kusintha njira yolumikizira wowuma wa mbatata, ndipo ziyembekezo zotani zomwe zinthu zaku Ukraine zili nazo pamsika wapadziko lonse? EastFruit ikufuna kuthana ndi izi mothandizidwa ndi a Sergey Samonenko, director of VIMAL, the leading producer and exporter of starch in Ukraine, and Evgeny Kuzin, head of international projects Fruit-Inform.com, the only information and analytical agency in Ukraine for akatswiri pamsika wazipatso ndi masamba.
Pakati pa Seputembara 2020 mpaka Januware 2021 mokha, Ukraine idatha kutumiza pafupifupi 1,1 matani zikwi za wowuma wa mbatata, pomwe munthawi zam'mbuyomu, kuchuluka kwa katundu wogulitsa kunja kwa chaka chonse chotsatsa kuyambira matani 100-400. Pakadali pano, kugula kunja kwa miyezi isanu yoyambirira ya nyengo yapano kudafika matani 700 okha, zomwe ndizotsika pang'ono panthawiyi pazaka zisanu zotsatsa.
Msika wofunikira komanso wamsika wokha wogulitsa wowuma wa mbatata waku Ukraine kunja kwanyengo ino wakhala China, yomwe idatumiza pafupifupi 95% yazogulitsa zonse zaku Ukraine ndipo zatha kale kukhazikitsa mbiri yatsopano yotumiza kuchokera ku Ukraine. Kuyambira Seputembara 2020 mpaka Januware 2021 mokha, matani opitilira 1 azinthu zaku Ukraine adatumizidwa ku China.
"Kumbali imodzi, Ukraine idakwanitsadi kuchita bwino pamsika wogulitsa mbatata waku China mzaka zingapo zapitazi, ndipo tsopano titha kunena kuti China ikhala malo opita kunja kwambiri kumayiko aku Ukraine," akutero a Sergei Samonenko. - Koma zoona zake, pali vuto lobisika kuseri kwa zakunja zakutchire ku China - Opanga ku Ukraine adangotayidwa pamsika wawo potaya zochokera ku Republic of Belarus. Kugulitsa kwakunyumba kumabweretsa chiwonongeko chachindunji, ndipo kutumiza ku China ndi mwayi wina wopezera kuthekera kwachuma pakupanga wowuma wa mbatata ku Ukraine. "
“China ndi mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse lapansi wogula mitundu yonse ya wowuma ndipo chaka chilichonse amagula matani mamiliyoni awiri kapena atatu a mankhwalawa. Ngakhale gawo lalikulu logulitsira msika waku China ndi wowuma wopangidwa kuchokera ku ma tubers a nyengo yotentha, kutumizira kunja kwa wowuma wa mbatata kulinso kofunikira. Ngakhale ili ndi mphamvu zambiri zopanga zokolola, China ndi dziko lachisanu ndi chiwiri padziko lonse lapansi logulitsa kunja mbatata. Chifukwa chake, ndikupanga pachaka matani a mbatata 450-500 zikwi zingapo, China ikugulitsabe matani ena 30-60 zikwi za mankhwalawa, "akutero Yevgeny Kuzin.
"Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zatulutsidwa masiku ano kuchokera ku Ukraine wowuma mbatata matani 1,1 sikukhudza kwenikweni msika waku China ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zosafanana poyerekeza ndi zotumiza kuchokera ku EU," akutero Serhiy Samonenko.
Malinga ndi FAS USDA, vuto lalikulu pamakampani opanga mbatata ku China ndizovuta zopangira. Pofuna kupanga wowuma mumsika waku China, zogwiritsidwa ntchito zosavomerezeka nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kuti akwaniritse zosowa pamsika wa wowuma wapamwamba, osewera am'deralo amakakamizidwa kuti akaitanitse kuchokera kunja. "Ubwino wowuma waku Ukraine ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti Chiyukireniya chifike pamsika waku China," akuvomereza Serhiy Samonenko. "Chitsimikiziro chowoneka bwino cha kulima kwambiri kwa wowuma wa mbatata woperekedwa kuchokera ku Ukraine kupita ku China zitha kukhala zomwe zidalembedwa kale zakukopera zomwe timayika pamsika waku China".
Wowonjezera waku Ukraine amalimbikitsidwa pamsika waku China, kuphatikiza kudzera m'mayendedwe amakono, mwachitsanzo, kudzera pa intaneti ya TikTok. Kumbukirani kuti nawonso amalimbikitsa malonda awo, komanso, ogulitsa akunja ochokera ku Chile, dziko lomwe limawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zakukopa zotsatsa mdziko la zaulimi.
"Ngakhale zili choncho, ngakhale kuti Ukraine idakwanitsa kulowa mumsika waku China, chiyembekezo chaku Ukraine chakugulitsa kunja sichofunika kwenikweni. Ndipo tonsefe timakumbukira momwe kudalira pamsika umodzi wamalonda kumathera, - akuchenjeza a Sergei Samonenko. - Ngati tilingalira za misika yoyandikana nayo, Ukraine tsopano ilibe mwayi wogulitsa wowuma wa mbatata. Maiko onse otizungulira, makamaka Belarus, Russia ndi mamembala a EU, amathandizira popanga starch m'boma. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa zomwe timatumiza kumayiko omwe amatumizidwa ndi Soviet ndi ochepa, ndipo palinso mpikisano wovuta m'misika iyi. Ndipo opanga ochokera m'mayikowa akutumiza katundu wawo ku Ukraine, ndikupanga zovuta pamsika waku Ukraine komanso mitengo yake. "
"Ponena za EU, dera lino silimabweretsa wowuma wa mbatata kuchokera kumayiko akunja kwa EU, koma ndiogulitsa kunja kwa malonda awa, amatumiza pachaka misika ina, kuphatikiza Ukraine, kuyambira 250 mpaka 470 zikwi za wowuma wa mbatata," ndemanga Yevgeny Kuzin ...
"Kuphatikiza apo, EU ili ndi gawo lokhalitsa olowa kunja ku Ukraine osagwiritsa ntchito msonkho wa matani zikwi 10 amitundu yonse yazogulitsa, zomwe zimadzazidwa mwachangu ndi omwe amapereka ku Ukraine, makamaka wowuma chimanga," akuwonjezera Serhiy Samonenko.
Kuphatikiza apo, mayiko a EU, makamaka Poland, komanso Belarus ndiosewerera pamsika waku Ukraine wogulitsa wowuma wa mbatata. Maiko awiriwa nyengo iliyonse amapereka 85% mpaka 94% yazogulitsa zonse zoumba kuchokera ku mbatata ku Ukraine.
Pakadali pano, poyambitsa kutaya kunja kochokera ku Republic of Belarus mu nyengo zaposachedwa, malinga ndi a Sergei Samonenko, m'mabizinesi asanu ndi limodzi aku Ukraine omwe amatha kupanga zinthu zawo, awiri okha ndi omwe adayambitsidwa mu nyengo ya 2020-2021.
"Chitsanzo cha nyengo ya 2019/20 chitha kukhala chodziwikiratu, pomwe zinthu zingapo zoyipa zidagwirizana pamsika nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zidadzetsa chiwonjezeko china chakunja kwa katundu. Chifukwa chake, kupitiriza kutaya kwa starch kuchokera ku Republic of Belarus kunatsatiridwa nthawi yophukira ndikuwunikanso kwambiri ndalama zadziko, zomwe zidakulitsa kwambiri mwayi wogulitsa wowuma wa mbatata ndikuchepetsa mpikisano wa omwe akutumiza ku Ukraine. Onjezerani izi kukwera pang'onopang'ono kwa mtengo wamagetsi, ndipo timapeza imodzi mwazomwe zatulutsidwa ndi wowuma wa mbatata kuchokera kumayiko komwe, palinso mapulogalamu othandizira kuthandizira ndi kupereka gawo la mbatata. Zotsatira zake, msikawu umayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja, ndipo mtengo wa wowuma ku Ukraine kwa theka loyambirira la nyengo umatsika ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kuchokera ku UAH 28 / kg mpaka UAH 19 / kg, "akuwonjezera Serhiy Samonenko.
Malinga ndi a Sergey Samonenko, malire ochepa opangira wowuma wa mbatata ku Ukraine mpaka 2019 anali 10-15%. Chifukwa chake, opanga aku Ukraine akukakamizidwa kale kugulitsa malonda awo pamtengo wotsika. Zizindikiro zonse zogwirira ntchito m'makampani zidasokonekera mwatsoka: kuchuluka kwa zopanga kudagwa kwambiri, phindu, phindu ndi misonkho zidatsika. Zinthu sizinasinthe chifukwa chotsika kwamitengo yogulira mbatata.
Mwachilengedwe, zoterezi posachedwa kwambiri zitha kubweretsa kutsekedwa kwathunthu kwamabizinesi ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwa mafakitale owuma ndi mbatata zomwe zikukula ku Ukraine. Pa Disembala 15, 2020, Association of Potato and Starch Products Producers of Ukraine, motsogozedwa ndi Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Chitetezo cha Opanga National ku Dumping Import" cha Disembala 22.12.1998, 330 No. 07-XIV, adasumira Madandaulo "Pa kuyambitsa ndikuchita kafukufuku wotsutsana ndi kutaya zinyalala zokhudzana ndi kulowetsa wowuma wa mbatata ku Ukraine kochokera ku Republic of Belarus ”kupita ku Unduna wa Zachuma, Zamalonda ndi Zaulimi ku Ukraine, womwe udalembetsedwa pansi pa nambala 115916 / 20-XNUMX .
Chinthu china chofunikira pakulamulira wowuma wowuma wa mbatata ndi mtundu wa zopangira. "Tsoka ilo, nthawi zina mtundu wazipangizo za ku Ukraine zopangira wowuma sizimatsutsa, ngakhale kugula mitengo ya mbatata yaiwisi ku Ukraine nthawi zambiri kumakhala yokwera kuposa mayiko omwe akupikisana," akupitiliza Sergei Samonenko.
Mwa njira, monga Yevgeny Kuzin ananenera, zinthu zofananazi zikuwonetsedwa mgawo la mbatata ku Ukraine, chifukwa, chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo nthawi zonse ndi mtundu wa izi, Ukraine ikupitilizabe kuwononga mamiliyoni amadola kugulitsa mbatata , kulola ogulitsa katundu ku Belarus kuti apeze ndalama pamsika waku Ukraine. Lithuania ndi mayiko ena aku Europe.