Okondedwa owerenga! M'magaziniyi, timapereka famu ya agroAlliance-NN (Nizhny Novgorod Region), yodziwika bwino pakupanga mbatata zaku Europe (makampani obereketsa ku Europe ndi Europe) HZPC Sadokas) mitundu yayikulu yobereka. Kuwona mwachidule za magawo ofunikira aulimi adziwitsidwa kuti udziwitsidwe ndi katswiri wamalonda a Kirill Kraev.
KUKHALA
Mahekala 108 a malo olimapo anagawidwa mbatata pafamu. Chaka chino, gombeli lidayamba pa Meyi 10, lomwe lili patadutsa milungu iwiri kuposa momwe lidakonzera kale. Nyengo idatikakamiza kuti tichedwetse ntchito kuyambika: Epulo m'dera lathu kudakhala ozizira komanso mvula, chifukwa chake, nthaka sinathe kutentheza mpaka kufika pamilingo yofunikira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo minda idakhala yonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kubzala kudayamba pomwe kutentha kwa dothi kufikira 12-14 ° C, mbatata zidabzala mpaka 15 cm. Kutentha kwa mpweya panthawi yogwira ntchito kumakhala pakati pa 12-13 ° C (kokha Meyi 20-21 kudayamba kuzizira). Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti panthawi yomwe ikamatera, mphepo yamkuntho nthawi zambiri inkkajambulidwa, koma mpweya unadutsa.
KULIMA
Pofika nthawi yomwe tinkafunika kuti tisinthidwe mapangidwe, kuzizira kunabweza m'derali: kutentha kunatsikira mpaka 5-7 ° C, mphepo yamphamvu inali kuwomba, ndipo m'malo ena chisanu chikugwa. M'masiku otsatirawa, kunayamba kugwa mvula m'deralo, koma mtundu komanso momwe nthaka inali m'minda zinapangitsa kuti pasakhale nthawi yapansi. Kuchira kunachitika mwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zakale.
KUTHENGA KWA HERBICIDAL
Nditamaliza ntchito yophatikiza, mwachangu tinapanga chithandizo chamadera oyamba ndi herbicides (Zenkor 0,6l / ha + Boxer 3l / ha). Kufufuza kunachitika panthaka yonyowa kapena mvula ikagwa, zomwe zimaloleza kukonzekera bwino. Ntchitoyi idachitika pogwiritsa ntchito sapota ya Hardi yokhala ndi Twin system.
ZINTHU ZAKUKULIRA ZOCHULUKA PANTHAWI ZAKUKHALA ZOSAVUTA
Bernice
Tebulo ya Mid-msimu osiyanasiyana. Ma Tubers amakula mwachangu kuyambira pomwe agunda pansi (stolons amakula pamwamba pa mayi tuber, makamaka mu nthawi yopuma), chifukwa chake, mutabzala, ayenera kuyikidwa patali ndi 14-15 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Ndi mitundu iyi, tidayamba kubzala mu 2018. Pambuyo pa masiku 25, tinaona mphukira zobiriwira bwino.
MADEIRA
Mitundu yapamwamba yapakatikati koyambira.
Mphukira zimawoneka mwachangu kwambiri, mbewu zimakula kwambiri ndipo m'nthawi yochepa "munga" mbatata zomwe kale zidabzala. Kuzama kwakamatera - 12 cm.
Pofika zaka khumi zoyambirira za June, mbatata zamtunduwu zidawonetsa zotsatira zabwino (ngakhale masabata oyamba mutabzala, kukula kwa mbewuyo kunachepetsedwa pang'ono ndi kusowa kwa chinyontho, kunalibe mvula yokwanira).
MUNGATANI
Oyambirira kwambiri patebulo. Ngati mukufuna mbatata zamtunduwu kuti zikule msanga, muyenera kutenthetsa tubers musanabzale. M'nthaka, mbatata imapuma kwakanthawi, koma mwachangu imakatula.
RED SCARLETT
Tebulo loyang'ana m'maso-m'maso, lomwe linali lotchuka kwambiri ku Russia.
Chifukwa cha kuzizira, nyengo imeneyi idayamba pang'onopang'ono kuposa masiku onse. Komabe, masabata awiri mutabzala, akatswiri a pafamu adawona mawonekedwe ambiri a stolon pa tubers.
COLOMBA
Gulu loyambirira la tebulo. Unabzalidwe pamalo abwino kwambiri (kubzala kunachitika nthawi yotentha), kunapereka mphukira zozindikira bwino zomwe zidaphukira mbande za Red Scarlett zosiyanasiyana pakumera.
LEMBA LA SUNNY
Oyambirira kwambiri odulidwa-tebulo zosiyanasiyana.
Kubzala kunachitika panthawi yozizira, komwe kunachepetsa dongosolo la kumera kwa tubers. Zotsatira zake, mapangidwe a zitunda m'derali anachitika patatha masiku awiri kuposa momwe anakonzera kale.
APPROBATION. OGANIZIRA.
Pofika pakati pa Julayi, minda ya mbatata ya pafamuyo idaphukira. M'mbuyomu kuposa ena, mbatata ya Red Scarlett idakondwera ndi maluwa, pomwe tidayambira kuyesa (ntchito idachitika ndi akatswiri ochokera ku Rosselkhoztsentr).
Komanso, kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, phyto-kuyeretsa kunakonzedwa pamitundu yonse. Ndikufuna kunena kuti chaka chino tidabzala zinthu zabwino kwambiri zapamwamba, panali mbewu zochepa zodwala, ambiri, mitengo yomwe idachotsedwa pamitundu sinadutse 0,5 - 1%.
Ogwira ntchito omwe adachita maphunziro apadera pafamuyi adagwira nawo ntchito yoyeretsa phyto. Ntchito zawo zinali kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri omwe anali ndi zaka zambiri akukulira mbatata.
Kutengera ndi njira yotetezera mbatata, mankhwala ophera fungicides ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo adachitika (pafupifupi, kasanu pachaka pamitundu iliyonse). Kuphatikiza apo, tikamalandira chithandizo chilichonse cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo, tidakonza njira zokonza minda ndi mafuta amchere kuti titeteze mbewu ku tizilombo.
Mitundu yathu yonse idayesedwa bwino pakuyesa mbewu, motero, kuchuluka konse kwa mbatata yomwe idakulidwa pafamu idalandira mawonekedwe a mbewu.
KUKONZA ZOONA
Tisaiwale kuti kuyamba kozizira kwa mwezi wa June ndikuchepa pang'ono kwa nyengo yotsatira kunapangitsa kuti pafupifupi mitundu yonse iyambe kubala ochepa tubers pachomera chilichonse. Mwachitsanzo, ndi coerbifi yokwanira, mitundu ya Colomba ndiyapakatikati (8-10 ma PC. Pachitsamba chilichonse), chaka chino idapanga ma tubers a 5-6. Chifukwa chake, tinakumana ndi vuto loti tisakulitse ma tubers pamwamba pa mbewu. Kuthana ndi vutoli, tinkayendetsa sabata iliyonse kukumba mitundu yonse kuti tidziwe kukula kwa tubers. Pa mayeso, zidatsimikiziridwa kuti mbatata zimadziwika ndi kufananizira homogeneity: kuthamanga kwa ma calibers kumakhala kochepa.
Kukumba komaliza kunachitika pa Julayi 30, zikuwonetsa kuti tubers tonse timafanana ndi kukula kwa kachigawo kakang'ono, pambuyo pake tidaganiza zochotsa nsonga.
Kwa zaka zingapo tsopano, takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito desiccant osati podutsa kamodzi, koma mwawiri - kuti tiumitse bwino nsonga zazikuluzo.
Chaka chino, tinakumana ndi zovuta zochepa pochotsa nsuzi za mbatata za Red Scarlett: mbewuzo zidapanga gawo lamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti silingathe kupukutidwa pofikira awiri, timafunikiranso kugwiritsa ntchito chopondera.
Kuyamba kukolola kwakonzedwa koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Mukatha kukolola, zitsanzo za mitundu iliyonse zimatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akayesedwe matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus, koma tikambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yotsatira.