Alexander Skvortsov, Mtsogoleri wa Mbatata, SumiAgro
Nyengo ya 2021, monga yapitayi, idzakumbukiridwa ndi alimi a mbatata aku Russia chifukwa chosakhala bwino nyengo. Chilala kachiwiri, chifukwa chake, zokolola zochepa m'madera angapo, kuchepa kwa zokolola m'dziko lonselo. Ndi ochepa amene ankayembekezera zimenezi. Chifukwa chake, mawu osavuta amadziwonetsera okha - kupanga zolosera za zokolola, makamaka pakukula pamtunda wouma, ndi ntchito yosayamika, nyengo imatha "kuwongolera" kuwerengera kulikonse. Ndikofunikira kupanga ukadaulo potengera kukhathamiritsa komanso kusinthika kwakukulu kuzinthu zosayembekezereka komanso zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Kampani ya SumiAgro nthawi zonse imapereka alimi mayankho odalirika. Kuyambira 2021, mbiri ya kampaniyo yaphatikizanso wovala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Prestige®. Izi zimateteza bwino mbande za mbatata ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - rhizoctonia matenda, komanso amawongolera tizirombo mu theka loyamba la nyengo yakukula.
Kodi chasintha chiyani mu Prestige® Treater? SumiAgro inasiya kupanga mkati mwa dziko ndikubwezeretsanso khalidwelo pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, mankhwalawa amapangidwanso m'mafakitale aku Europe. Koma si zokhazo: m'chaka cha 2021, pamaziko a VNIIF, kuyesa kunayikidwa pa tanki yosakaniza ya Prestige® ndi azoxystrobin (1 l / ha pokonzekera) ndi thiophanate-methyl (milingo iwiri 1,0 ndi 1,5 l / ha pokonzekera). Thiophanate-methyl ndiye chogwiritsidwa ntchito cha Topsin-M® fungicide (500 g / l), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuteteza chimanga ku mizu yowola. Padziko lapansi, makamaka ku North America, molekyulu ya thiophanate-methyl imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzomera zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuvala mbewu za mbatata. Kuchuluka kwa matenda olamulidwa ndi ambiri. Mu 2021, mbewu zamitundu ya mbatata yaku Arizona, zomwe zidakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi rhizoctonia (7%), nkhanambo yasiliva (15%), ndi anthracnose (4%), zidagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa kuyesako. Kuphatikiza apo, ma tubers adabzalidwa m'munda woyesera kumene mbatata idakula kwa zaka zingapo. Motero, maphunzirowo anachitidwa motsutsana ndi maziko opatsirana amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata... Zosakaniza za matanki zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala. Kuletsa udzu wokhazikika komanso mankhwala asanu ndi limodzi a fungicides adachitidwanso.
№ п / п | Zosankha | Mtundu wa pokonza | Kagwiritsidwe mlingo wa mankhwala |
1 | Prestige® | Kuyambitsa mankhwala m'nthaka pa kubzala | (3 l / ha) |
2 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Kuyambitsa mankhwala m'nthaka pa kubzala | (3 l / ha) + (1,0 l / ha) |
3 | Prestige® + Topsin M® | Kuyambitsa mankhwala m'nthaka pa kubzala | (3 malita / ha) + (1,5 l / ha) |
4 | Prestige® + azoxystrobin 250 g / l | Kuyambitsa mankhwala m'nthaka pa kubzala | (3 malita / ha) + (1,0 l / ha) |
5 | Control (popanda chitsanzo) | Popanda processing | - |
Zolemba za kuchuluka kwa mbewu za rhizoctoniae zidachitika katatu panyengo mu magawo: kumera kwathunthu, maluwa, ndi tsiku limodzi kukolola. Kuchuluka kwa zomera ndi anthracnose kunayesedwa tsiku limodzi asanakolole. Matenda a ma tubers okhala ndi nkhanambo ya siliva ndi fusarium adayesedwa patatha milungu 5 atakolola pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofotokozera (MA Kuznetsova, 2007). Zotsatira zochititsa chidwi zidapezedwa (onani tebulo pansipa).
Magawo a Phytometric a mbewu za mbatata ndikukula kwa Rhizoctonia solani pamagawo osiyanasiyana akukula kwa mbewu (zosiyanasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021)
## | Zosankha | Avereji ya zimayambira (ma PC / chitsamba) | 1Chiwerengero cha tsinde zomwe zakhudzidwa,% | 2Chiwerengero cha tsinde zomwe zakhudzidwa,% | 3Chiwerengero cha tsinde zomwe zakhudzidwa,% | Avereji ya kuwonongeka kwa tsinde, mphambu | Avereji ya stolon infestation, mphambu | 3Kuwonongeka kwa tubers panthawi yokolola,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 5,41 / 5,522/ 5,53 | 1,3 | 3,8 | 11,4 | mayunitsi1... 0,32/ 0,43 | mayunitsi1 / unit2 / unit3 | 03 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 5,5 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,5 | 4,1 | 10,8 | magawo / 0,3 / 0,4 | mayunitsi / unit / unit | 03 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 5,6 / 5,5 / 5,5 | 1,2 | 3,7 | 7,1 | magawo / 0,2 / 0,3 | unit / unit / unit | 03 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 5,5 / 5,6 / 5,5 | 0 | 1,2 | 3,6 | 0 / gawo / 0,2 | mayunitsi / unit / unit | 03 |
7 | Control (palibe processing) | 4,5 / 4,5 / 4,4 | 26,2 | 56,1 | 60,3 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 1,0 / 2,0 / 2,0 | 0 |
NDS0,95 | 0,2 / 0,2 / 0,3 | 3,0 | 3,2 | 4,0 | 0/0,2/0,3 | 0/1 | - |
2 akamaganiziridwa mu gawo la maluwa la zomera
3 kutatsala tsiku loti akolole
Prestige® yatsimikizira kuti ndiyothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi rhizoctonia. Kuphatikizika kwa Topsin-M® ndi azoxystrobin monga bwenzi kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa tsinde paziwerengero zonse zitatu. Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri idaperekedwa ndikuwonjezera kwa Topsin-M® 1,5 l ndi azoxystrobin (250 g / l) 1,0 l / ha, pakuchita bwino komwe kunalibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakuwerengera kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu. Zosankha zonse zidapereka chitetezo cha zana pa zana la stolons ndipo, chofunikira kwambiri, ma tubers, ndi mankhwalawa adachita ntchito yabwino kwambiri popanda kuwonjezera mabwenzi.
Kufalikira kwa mbewu za mbatata ndi anthracnose kumapeto kwa chitukuko,% (zosiyanasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, Ramenskaya Gorka, 2021.)
## | Zosankha | Kuwonongeka kwa zomera ndi anthracnose,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 12,6 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 9,7 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 8,6 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 5,3 |
5 | Control (palibe processing) | 14,3 |
NDS0,95 | 3,9 |
Zotsatira zofananazi zidadziwika pakuwongolera kwa anthracnose, kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza za tanki kumawonjezera kuwongolera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchuluka kwake kunaperekedwanso ndi Topsin-M® 1,5 l / ha ndi azoxystrobin (250 g / l) 1,0 l / ha.
Kufalikira kwa machubu a mbatata okhala ndi nkhanambo wamba, nkhanambo ya siliva ndi zowola mochedwa-fusarium,% (zosiyanasiyana Arizona, VNIIF, "Ramenskaya Gorka", 2021)
## | Zosankha | Kufalikira kwa ma tubers okhala ndi nkhanambo,% | Kukonda ma tubers okhala ndi nkhanambo ya silvery, *% | Kuwonongeka kwa ma tubers ndi zowola mochedwa-fusarium,% |
1 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) | 0 | 3,2 | 2,2 |
2 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,0 l / ha) | 0 | 2,7 | 1,9 |
3 | Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha) | 0 | 2,8 | 2,3 |
4 | Prestige® (3 l/ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g/l (1,0 l/ha) | 0 | 1,8 | 2,2 |
7 | Control (palibe processing) | 0 | 9,7 | 2,3 |
NDS0,95 | 0 | 1,5 | 0,9 |
Zomwe zikuchitika mu 2021 sizinagwirizane ndi kukula kwa nkhanambo wamba: kupangidwa kwa ma tubers kunachitika panthawi yamvula yamphamvu ndipo, motero, chinyezi chambiri cha nthaka, chomwe sichinalole kuti actinomycete alowe mu ma tubers amitundu ya mbatata ya Arizona. M'mitundu yonse yoyeserera, panali kuchepa kwakukulu pakugonja kwa nkhanambo ya silvery poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera (katatu kapena kupitilira apo), kuphatikiza pakukonza ndi Prestige® mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, omwe amatsimikizira kuti pencycuron imagwira bwino ntchito. tizilomboto izi. Kuphatikizika kwa thiophanate-methyl m'miyeso yonse iwiri ndi azoxystrobin kumachepetsanso kuphulika kwa nkhanambo ya silvery. Onse matenda anawerengedwa 3 milungu tubers anaikidwa kuti yosungirako.
Zotsatira za zokolola zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
Zokolola za mbatata (НСР 0,95= 27,5) ndi kugulitsidwa kwa ma tubers mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yofananira, Arizona, VNIIF, "Ramenskaya Gorka", 2021, (NSR 0,95 = 3,7)
Kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola za mbatata mumitundu yoyesedwa poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera kotetezedwa (mankhwala asanu ndi limodzi okhala ndi fungicides motsutsana ndi choipitsa mochedwa ndi Alternaria) kuyambira 41,4 mpaka 52,2 c / ha. Kugwiritsa ntchito Prestige® (3 l / ha) + Topsin-M® (1,5 l / ha), Prestige® (3 l / ha) + azoxystrobin 250 g / l (1,0 l / ha) tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum makokodi, Helminthosporium solani... Panali kuwonjezeka kwa malonda a tubers kuchokera 78% kufika 87-89%. Kuwonjezera pa ulamuliro (ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mankhwala fungicidal) anali 52,2 ndi 49,4 c / ha, motero. Kusiyana pakati pa zosankhazi sikofunikira powerengera, ndizothandiza mofanana. Pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri pamtengo wa hekitala wamankhwala ogwirizana nawo kukuwonetsa kuti njira ya Prestige® 3,0 l/ha + Topsin-M® 1,5 l/ha ndiyothandiza pazachuma. Choncho, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Prestige® ndi chitetezo chodalirika cha mbande ndipo chingathe kukhala maziko abwino kwambiri a zosakaniza za thanki (zopangira minda yodziwika ndi matenda opatsirana).
Pomaliza, Ndikufuna kunena kuti tsopano palibe njira yabwino mu gawo la mbatata tubers kuvala. Anthu ambiri amasakaniza zosakaniza za matanki, ndipo Prestige® ndi maziko odalirika kwa iwo. Izi n’zimene zimene zalongosoledwa pamwambapa zasonyeza.