Neutralization nthaka mchere

Ekaterina Kudashkina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

Salinization wa madzi ndi nthaka Izi ndizovuta kwambiri pa ulimi wamakono wa mbewu. Malinga ndi zoneneratu za FAO, pofika chaka cha 2050, 50% ya malo olimapo padziko lonse lapansi adzakhudzidwa ndi mchere. Dothi salinization ndi kudzikundikira kwa mchere wambiri wosungunuka m'nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa chonde. Kwenikweni, ndi za kuwonongeka kwa nthaka. Kuchuluka kwa mchere kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa makamaka pamizu ya zomera. Chifukwa chakuti kunja kwa osmotic kuthamanga kwa nthaka ya nthaka kumakhala kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi kuthamanga kwa osmotic mkati mwa zomera, mphamvu ya zomera kuti itenge madzi ndi zakudya kuchokera kunja imachepa, ndipo kusowa kwawo kumachitika - ngakhale mu nthaka yonyowa bwino.

Pa dothi lamchere, kuchuluka kwa sodium cations kumalepheretsa kudzikundikira kwa ma cations ena, kuphatikiza omwe amafunikira pakukula kwa zomera, monga calcium ndi potaziyamu. Kukwera kwakukulu kwa Na⁺ ndi/kapena Cl^- imalepheretsa photosynthesis. Chloride salinization ndi imodzi mwazowopsa kwa zomera.

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Mchere umakhudza kukula ndi kukula kwa zomera pazigawo zonse, kuyambira kumera mpaka kukhwima, koma makamaka kwambiri mu magawo ovuta a ontogeny. Zotsatira za kukhudzana zingakhale zosiyana: kuchokera kuchepa kwa kukula kwa mbande mpaka imfa yathunthu ya zomera.

Yankho. Mchere ukhoza kuthetsedwa ndi njira za agrotechnical ndi kuswana. Kusankha mbewu zaulimi kuti zilolere mchere ndi njira yayitali komanso yokwera mtengo, ndi yamtsogolo, chifukwa vuto la mchere silidzatha kulikonse m'zaka zikubwerazi. Njira ya agrotechnical imaphatikizapo njira zobwezeretsanso (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito phosphogypsum ndikofunikira, koma potengera kukwera kwa mtengo wazinthu ndi mafuta ndi mafuta, sitepe yokwera mtengo kwambiri) ndi feteleza (kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe osiyanasiyana apamwamba a dothi ndi feteleza amene amathandiza kuchepetsa mchere wa madzi ndi nthaka, mwachitsanzo: Nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi chizolowezi kuyambitsa ammonium nitrate kapena phosphoric acid ndi kukapanda kukapanda ulimi wothirira).

Kuchokera pazidziwitso ndi mbatata: Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi kusungunuka kwa mchere wa nthaka ndikupewa kuwonjezereka kwa zinthu m'madera othirira kuthirira ndi kuthira feteleza Agriful Plus. Agriful Plus ndi feteleza wamadzimadzi kuti achepetse mchere wa nthaka komanso muzu wa biostimulant wotengera ma fulvic acid.

Tawona bwino mphamvu ya mankhwalawa mu imodzi mwa minda yayikulu kwambiri m'chigawo cha Rostov.

Energia LLC ndi bizinesi yodziwika bwino m'derali. Imalima mbewu zosiyanasiyana, imakhala ndi makonzedwe ake komanso kuweta ziweto. Ngakhale m'madera ouma a kum'maŵa kwa dera la Rostov, famuyi imatsogolera pa zokolola za tirigu m'nyengo yozizira.

Mu 2020, mbatata zidawonjezedwa Zosangalatsa Zosiyanasiyana (pH ya kukonzekera - 4,7) pa dontho pa mlingo wa malita 5 pa hekitala pa nyengo yolima.

Itatha ntchito yoyamba mu budding gawo pa mlingo wa 2,5 L / ha (kusungunuka mu mbiya pa 1000 malita a madzi ndi ntchito kudzera dontho, chithunzi 1), pamwamba desalinization nthaka zinachitika. Chifukwa, mchere madontho pa kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira mbisoweka mu 3 masiku.

Zotsatira zake zidawoneka nthawi yomweyo (chithunzi 2). Kumbali ya kumanzere, zitundazo zinali zoyera kotheratu, ndipo kumanja, mawanga amchere anakhalabe ofanana.

Kachiwiri ndi kachitatu kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka biofeeding Agriful Plus pa dontho linali 1,25 l/ha pa nthawi yophukira - maluwa ndi pambuyo maluwa, motero (chithunzi 3).

Ndemanga ya kanema ya wolima zamasamba akupezeka pa njira yathu ya YouTube "Agroliga".

Ndi maubwino ati ampikisano a Agriful Plus? Mankhwala ndi 100% masamba chiyambi, ndi kwathunthu organic mankhwala.

Ichi ndiye cholemera kwambiri mu fulvic acid (25%) biofeed mumzere wathu wa fetereza.

Fulvic acid kuonjezera ntchito za tizilombo microflora ndi kukhala mizu. Amasungunuka mosavuta m'nthaka ndipo amatha kupanga ndi mono- ndi divalent cations (mwachitsanzo, ndi K.⁺, Na+, NH₄⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) mchere wosasungunuka m'madzi, womwe umachepetsa mchere wa nthaka, ndipo zomera zimayamwa bwino chakudya. Komabe, pamalo okhala ndi zamchere kwambiri (pH> 10), mbali ya fulvic acid imatha kupangidwa ndi ma ayoni a calcium ndi barium. Ndi cations trivalent (Fe³⁺ ndi Al³⁺) ma fulvic acid amatha kutsika kapena kupanga zinthu zovuta kusungunuka m'madzi, koma sindinawonepo dothi kapena pH yamadzi ngati imeneyi. Madzi apamwamba kwambiri pH adawonedwa m'chigawo cha Rostov - 8,5.

Agriful Plus imaphatikizansopo betain. Amathandizira kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa osmotic ndikuwongolera kupezeka kwa michere. Kuphatikiza apo, ma betaines amathandizira kuti mizu izitha kuyamwa madzi, imakulitsa kukana kwa mbewu kumadera otentha kwambiri komanso otsika, komanso imathandizira kaphatikizidwe ka chlorophyll.

Polysaccharides ndi gwero la mphamvu, komanso kuonjezera mlingo wa malowedwe a zakudya ndi madzi mu zomera maselo ndi kusintha khalidwe la tubers ndi mizu.

Pamodzi, ma polysaccharides, mavitamini ovuta komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakuthupi (45%). Zosangalatsa Zosiyanasiyana regenerate chitukuko cha nthaka microflora ndi kubwezeretsa chonde. Poona, nthaka inakhala yotayirira.

Mlingo wovomerezeka wa Agriful Plus panyengo yolima ndi 5-10 l/ha, zomwe ndizotsika mtengo komanso zogwira mtima. Kuthira feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito Agriful Plus kuphatikiza ndi njira yazakudya zopatsa thanzi pa mbatata kunapangitsa kuti zitheke kupulumutsa 4,7 t/ha kutengera njira yachuma. Zokolola za mbatata za BP-808 paulendo woyendetsa zinali 42,5 t/ha, ndipo phindu lonse linali 42 rubles/ha (kupatulapo ndalama).

Agriful Plus ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pansi pa ulimi wothirira: tinakhala ndi chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito pa mlingo wa 2,5 l / ha ndi madontho akuluakulu a dontho, ndi madzi othamanga a 300 l / ha, pambuyo pake makina othirira anatsegulidwa. . Choncho, tsiku linadutsa mpaka galimotoyo inafika kumapeto kwa bwalo, ndipo panalibe zopsereza.

Pomaliza, ndikufunanso kukopa chidwi cha owerenga ku mfundo ziwiri zofunika.

• Kukonzekera kwa Agritecno, kuphatikiza Agriful Plus, ali ndi ziphaso zapadziko lonse lapansi Ecocert, OMRI, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mu ulimi wosasamalira zachilengedwe.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Agriful Plus ndi ulimi wothirira kudontha sikulowa m'malo mwa kubwezeretsa nthaka. Imeneyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera mchere wa nthaka kuti usaipire munyengo ya kukula. Mavuto a mchere wa dothi amafunikira ntchito yokonzekera, yophatikizika komanso mwadongosolo.

M'nkhaniyi, tinayesetsa kufotokoza njira ya mankhwala Agriful Plus, chifukwa kukhala ndi mfundo zasayansi ndi zotsatira kutsimikiziridwa, mukhoza kusankha bwino mokomera mankhwala.

Tikuthokoza ogwira ntchito pafamuyi omwe akuimiridwa ndi mutu Vladimir Vasilievich Bukhtiyarov chifukwa cha njira yatsopano yaukadaulo waulimi komanso kuyanjana kothandiza.

Zolemba zambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa Agritecno zitha kupezeka patsamba www.agroliga.ru  mu gawo la Media.