Mbatata ndi yobala kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yolemetsa kwambiri komanso yokwera mtengo. Katswiri aliyense wazamalonda amayang'anira kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zingapo zofunika kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino pakukolola kwakukulu komanso kugulitsidwa.
Mitengo ya mbatata imafuna kwambiri nthaka. Chikhalidwe chimakonda dothi lotayirira, lowala, lamchenga wokhala ndi humus. Ukadaulo wa Ridge wolima mbatata umapanga nthaka yabwino kwambiri ndipo umakolola kwambiri.
Zotsogola zoyambirira za mbatata ndi buledi wachisanu ndi nyemba, chifukwa pambuyo pake dothi limatsukidwa bwino ndi tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso limalimbikitsidwa ndi zinthu zothandiza.
Nyengo ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakulima mbatata. Kuunikira (malo osanjikizika osasunthika amawerengedwa kuti ndiwo malo omwe akukula bwino) ndipo chinyezi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Chitsamba chimodzi cha mbatata chimasuluka madzi okwanira malita 60-70 nyengo iliyonse. Chinyontho chachikulu chimafunikira nthawi yonse yomwe imamera ndikukula kwa tubers. Ndikusowa kwake, zokolola zimachepa kwambiri. Taganizirani za New Zealand: mdziko muno, matekinoloje amakono akuphatikizidwa ndi nyengo yabwino, yomwe imalola alimi kupeza zokolola zambiri, pafupifupi 500 c / ha, ndipo alimi ena amakolola 700 c / ha. Poganizira kuti ku Russia madera ambiri ali m'dera laulimi wowopsa, ndizovuta kukwaniritsa zolemba ngati izi. Pofuna kukulitsa kuthekera kwa mbewu, olima mbatata ambiri aku Russia amalima mbatata zothirira.
Pankhani ya michere, mbatata imayankha bwino nayitrogeni, phosphorous makamaka potaziyamu. Nayitrogeni ndi amene amachititsa kukula kwa masamba komanso kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni. Othandiza kwambiri ndi mitundu ya nayitrogeni ya amide ndi ammonium. Mtundu wa nayitrogeni wa ammonium umapangitsa phosphorous kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Phosphorus imathandizira kukulitsa mizu, mapangidwe a stolons ndi tuberization ambiri. Poganizira kuti mbatata ndi za mbeu zokhala ndi mchere wokwera "pansi-up", phosphorous zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kutsekemera kwa phosphorous ndi mbewu za mbatata kumawonjezekera pakapita nthawi ndipo kumachitika mpaka gawo lomwe ladzatulukiralo litafika. Kupereka mbewu ndi phosphorous yotsika mtengo ndichofunikira kwambiri mdera lililonse.
Potaziyamu ndiyofunikira kwambiri pazomera: imayang'anira kaphatikizidwe ndi kayendedwe ka shuga, imapereka mitundu yambiri ya ma tubers, ndi zinthu zawo zowuma. Monga lamulo, pokonzekera michere ya zokolola, agronomists amayesetsa kupeza potaziyamu ndi phosphorous ratio ya 1,5: 1.
Kukula kwathunthu kwachikhalidwe, maso ndi ma microelements amafunikanso, makamaka koyambirira kwa chitukuko.
Sulufule imathandizira kukana kwa matenda ku matenda, kumawonjezera kuwuma kwa tubers, kumawonjezera kukoma kwa mbatata. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito sulfa mophatikizana ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous kumathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa magwiritsidwe azinthu zazomera zazikuluzikulu kuchokera ku feteleza ndi nthaka.
Ndipo pansi pa njala ya sulfure, kuchuluka kwa nitrate mu tubers kumawonjezeka (pafupifupi 22%), ndipo nthawi yakucha imatalikitsa.
Calcium ndi gawo la makoma a selo, imathandizira kulimbitsa ndi kulimbikitsa, kukula ndi chitukuko cha mizu. Kukula kwa mizu ya tsitsi kumadalira kupezeka kwa calcium panthawi yopanga mizu. Imathandizira kusintha kwamalonda a tubers, kumawonjezera mavitamini C, kumawonjezera kusunga komanso kukana matenda. Poganizira kuti calcium imadzazidwa ndi ubweya wa mizu pama stolons, mavalidwe am'mafotolo okhala ndi macronutrient awa ndiosagwira chifukwa chofooka kashiamu m'mbali mwa phloem kuyambira tsamba kupita pamizu mu tubers.
Mbatata ndi mbewu yokonda magnesium. Kugwiritsa ntchito magnesium kumakulitsa zokolola, zokolola za gawo logulitsidwa la tubers.
Boron imakulitsa kulimbana ndi matenda, imalimbikitsa kupangira msanga nthaka ndi mizu, kusintha kwa maluwa ndikupanga tubers. Kuperewera kwa boron kumabweretsa kubera kwa tubers.
Nthaka imachulukitsa kupezeka kwa phosphorous ya mbatata, imachepetsa nkhanambo, ndipo imatenga nawo gawo pakupuma ndi photosynthesis.
Mukamakhala mbatata, ndikofunikira kulabadira momwe nthaka imagwirira ntchito. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri pH yachitukuko cha mbatata kuyambira 5,5-7 mayunitsi. Kuchuluka kwa phindu la pH, kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga nkhanambo wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, nthaka pH imakhudza kwambiri kupezeka kwa michere. Pa acidity pansi pamayunitsi 5,5, kupezeka kwa macro- ndi mesoelements kumachepa kwambiri: potaziyamu, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium. Pa pH yoposa mayunitsi 7, mchere wokhala ndi michere umachepa.
Mbatata zimamvera nthaka liming. Njira imeneyi imakuthandizani kuti musinthe agrochemical, agrophysical and biological m'nthaka, kuti mupange mulingo woyenera wakuthupi, madzi-thupi, mpweya ndi zinthu zina pamoyo wachikhalidwe.
Koma kuyika liming nthawi yomweyo musanadzalemo mbatata sikuvomerezeka, popeza kuchuluka kwa laimu m'nthaka kumatha kuyambitsa kukula kwa nkhanambo pa tubers.
PhosAgro ndi imodzi mwamakampani akulu kwambiri mumakampani agrochemical aku Russia, omwe ali ndi zopitilira XNUMX zama feteleza amakono azinthu zake. Njira zopangira michere yazomera zopangidwa ndi akatswiri a PhosAgro zimakhazikitsidwa potsatira kagwiritsidwe kabwino ka feteleza wopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira zoyera.
Fetereza ali ndi 2 mpaka 8 michere. Aliyense granule lili zakudya mu magawanidwe ananena.
Pazakudya zabwino za mbatata, feteleza mukamabzala, timalimbikitsa zopangidwa ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu wambiri:
A APAVIVA + NPK (MA) 10:26:26 (2) + B ndi NPK (MA) 10:26:26 (2) + Zn
A APAVIVA + NPK (MA) 8: 20: 30 + B ndi NPK (S) 8: 20: 30 + Zn,
A APAVIVA + NPK (MA) 15:15:15 (10) + B ndi NPK (MA) 15:15:15 (10) + Zn,
⁃ APAVIVA + NPK (MA) 5:15:30 (5) + B.
Ngati pali olima mbatata pafamupo omwe atha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamadzi munthaka, akatswiri a PhosAgro ndiye yankho labwino kwambiri popaka feteleza wamadzimadzi APALIQUA NP 11:37 (ZhKU) nthawi yobzala. Ubwino waukulu wa fetereza wamtunduwu ndikosavuta kukonzekera pamaziko osakanikirana a akasinja amitundu yambiri ophatikizidwa ndi ma microelements, zopatsa mphamvu, komanso kukonzekera kulimbana ndi tizirombo ta nthaka.
Manyowa amchere a Phosagro amathandizira opanga ulimi kuti azitha kuyang'anira mbewu zawo, kuonetsetsa kuti phindu pantchitoyo limasamalidwa komanso kusamalira nthaka ndi chonde.
+7 (831) 216-22-90
volga@phosagro.ru
www.kamado.ru