Kwa zaka zitatu tsopano, Amil LLC yakhala ikugwira ntchito ku Nizhny Novgorod Region, bizinesi yopanga ma sitimayi osinthidwa, opangidwa limodzi ndi kampani yotchuka yaku Sweden yotchedwa Lyckeby Starch AB, m'modzi mwa atsogoleri padziko lonse lapansi mu "starch".
Pazomwe zidapangidwa, zomwe zimapangira zomwe zimapanga komanso momwe zikufunira kuwonjezera zokolola, tikulankhula ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa bizinesi yaku Russia, Oleg Martyanov.
- Oleg Alexandrovich, zidachitika bwanji kuti Lykeby Ndinayamba kuyambitsa bizinesi mdera la Russia?
- Mbiri yakuwonekera kwa Amil ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika ku Starch Center Center. Kusungirako kwakhala kukugwira ntchito ndi kampani yaku Sweden ya Lyckeby pafupifupi zaka 20, kuphatikiza zidindo zakusinthidwa kwa malonda ku msika waku Russia.
Popita nthawi, Starch-Center idawongolera gawo la zopindula zake pakupanga wowuma ku Russia ndikupeza mbewu ziwiri zazikulu - imodzi mu Nizhny Novgorod Region (Syryatinsky Starch Plant) ndi ina ku Oryol (Pleshcheevsky Starch Plant). Zachidziwikire, tinkafuna kukopa wopanga wowoneka bwino komanso wodziwika ku Europe ngati Lyckeby kuti adzagwire ntchito imeneyi, koma kampani ya Sweden poyamba inali yopanda tanthauzo. Oimira a Lyckeby adabwera ku imodzi mwa mbewuzo, adamuyesa momwe adalili ndipo adakana kugwirira ntchito limodzi. Koma nthawi idapita, ndipo nthawi ina, atsogoleri aku Sweden akuganiza kuti ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kuti atulutse mafuta omwe akugula mdziko la Russia m'malo mwa Russia, m'malo mopereka zinthu kuchokera kunja. Chifukwa chake, mu 2015, kampani ya Amil idapangidwa, ndipo mu 2017 kupanga kudayambika.
Fakitala yathu ili mdera la Pochinkovsky m'chigawo cha Nizhny Novgorod, ili pamtunda wa fakitala ya wowuma ya Syryatinsky. Kampaniyo ili ndi zida zamakono ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ogwira ntchito ku Europe.
- Amil amapanga makina osinthika am'magawo azakudya. Kodi izi ndizogulitsa?
- Tilibe kuchepa kwa makasitomala. Wokongoletsedwa wowuma - chinthu chofunikira popanga nyama ndi zinthu zotsiriza, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phala la phwetekere, mayonesi, zopangidwa mkaka wowawasa. Koma kuchuluka kwa zopangira zamtunduwu ku Russia ndizochepa, kuwonjezera pa chomera chathu, ND-Technik LLC (Stavropol Territory) yokha yomwe imagwira ntchito pazakudya. Ngakhale izi, mwachidziwikire, sizitanthauza kuti palibe mpikisano pamsika. Ma nyenyezi okonzedwa amaperekedwa mwachangu kuchokera ku maiko aku Europe, ndipo opanga akunja ali ndi zabwino zina kuposa ife. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwakukulu pakupanga.
Amil akadali bizinesi yaying'ono. Poyamba ankatengedwa ngati wopanga - kuthekera pang'onopang'ono, "njerwa ndi njerwa", kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zopanga. Tsoka ilo, kuthamanga kwa chitukuko chake sikokwanira kuposa momwe tingafunire.
Pali zifukwa zambiri. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa mtengo wamafuta ofunikira kuti apange chinthu chathu. Tidawerengera mtengo wazinthu zam'tsogolo, panali mafakitale atatu ku Russia opanga zida zomwe timafunikira, ndipo pofika nthawi yomwe Amil adayambitsidwa, m'modzi yekha yemwe adatsala pamsika, pomwe, atakhala wolamulira, adakweza mitengo kuposa mitengo yaku Europe.
Tsopano mapangidwe athu ali pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a zomwe tikanachita.
- Amil amatulutsa chakudya cham'madzi potengera mbatata ndi zida za chimanga. Kodi kuwongolera "mbatata" kapena "chimanga" ndikofunikira kwambiri ku bizinesi (ngati kusiyana kumeneku ndikolondola)?
- Mtundu uliwonse wamalonda athu amapangidwa kuti apange zinthu zina, chilichonse chimakhala ndi makasitomala ake, chifukwa chake mbali zonsezi ndi zofunika kwa ife.
Koma mbatata ndi yofunika kwambiri. Ndikukumbusani kuti mwini kampani yathuyo ndi yaku Sweden yomwe yakhala ikugwira ntchito yolima ndi kukonza mbatata pafupifupi zaka zana. Kwa Lyckeby, mbatata ndiye mankhwala 1.
Kuphatikiza apo, tili m'dera lomwe mbatata zambiri ndizobzala kuposa chimanga. Chifukwa chake mbatata zimayandikira komanso zimakonda kwambiri ife.
- Kudetsa nkhawa Lyckeby, monga mukudziwa, ndi gulu la alimi omwe ntchito yawo ikulima mbatata kuti ikhathamiridwe. Kampani yanu sikukonzekera kukonzekera kupanga zida zopangira mafamu aku Russia "mwadongosolo", kutengera zomwe zaku Sweden?
- Kunena zowona, Amil sagwira ntchito ndi mbatata. Kampani yathu imagula wowuma obadwira ku fakitala ya wowuma ya Syryatinsky. Koma mavuto okhudzana ndi kuchuluka komanso kuchuluka kwa zopangira zimatikhudzanso ife mwachindunji.
Amil akukonzekera kupanga ntchito, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti zosowa za bizinesi yopanga zinthu zopangira zipatso zidzakula, ndipo m'nthawi yochepa titha kuthamangitsidwa. Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, tiyenera kulingalira kuthekera kowonjezereka kwa chomera cha Syryatinsky.
Tsopano kuchuluka kwa mbatata zomwe zimabweretsedwa ku Syryatino zimakhala ndi wowuma pafupifupi 10%. Chomera chimagwira zinyalala. Kuchuluka kwa mbatata zomwe zikubwera kumakhalanso kosiyanasiyana mwezi ndi mwezi. Kuti tiwonetsetse kuti tilandira kuchuluka kwa zopangira zomwe tikufuna, tikuyambitsa pulogalamu yopanga kupanga mbatata zokhazikika kwambiri. Sindinganene kuti tidzasinthitsa kwathunthu zomwe zaku Sweden, koma tiyesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino.
Pulogalamuyi, tasankha kale alimi angapo a Nizhny Novgorod pakati pa ogulitsa nthawi zonse ndikuwasamutsa kuti abzale mbewu zamitundu yokhala ndi wowuma wambiri pakubzala.
Pasanathe zaka zitatu tikukonzekera kufikira kuchuluka kwa matani 40 a mbatata (yokhuthala 20%) pachaka.
- Tiuzeni zambiri zamitundu mitundu.
- Ndikufuna kwambiri kugwira ntchito ndi mitundu yaku Sweden. Izi ndizochita za obereketsa otchuka, zomwe zidachitika zaka zambiri za ntchito yasayansi, zatsimikiziridwa mokwanira muzochita. Koma, mwatsoka, ndizosatheka kubweretsa mbatata za mbewu ku Russia popanda chilolezo zaka zambiri, choncho chaka chino tinasankha mitundu kuchokera kuzomwe zidavomerezedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'dziko lathu.
Anzathu aku Lyckeby apatsa alimi thandizo lakutali la zinthu zakuthambo. Choyamba, alimi amayenera kupereka zidziwitso zamaderawo, ndipo pamaziko awo adzalandira upangiri woyamba waumisiri.
- Kodi mapanganowo awonetsa mtengo womwe mbatata zidzagulidwa kuchokera kwa alimi?
- Inde. Ku Sweden, mtengo wake wakhazikika, ndipo timayesetsa kutsatira njira yomweyo. Chidziwitso Chofunikira: mtengo wake sukulumikizidwa ku kulemera kwa maere, koma kuchuluka kwa owuma mu tubers. Ndiye kuti, mlimi amalandira ndalama mwachindunji pa wowuma omwe ali mu mbatata yake.
Koma tikumvetsetsa kuti momwe msika ulili wosakhazikika, chifukwa chake mgwirizano umalongosola kuthekera kwa kukonzanso mitengo pakafunika kusintha kwakukulu.
- Nthawi zambiri ndakhala ndikumvera kuti sizopindulitsa kutulutsa mbatata kuchokera ku mbatata zamatenthedwe osapindulitsa kwambiri pamizere yazomera zoweta. Kupindula kumeneko kumangokhala pokhapokha ngati akuchita ndi zinyalala zomwe alimi amaperekera ndalama. Izi sizowona?
- Ili ndi funso lovuta. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti sitidzatha kupatsa alimi mtengo wa mbatata wokwera kuposa mtengo womwe masitolo amagula mankhwalawa. Koma chomeracho chili ndi maubwino ake: ndizotheka kumaliza mgwirizano wolima mavoliyumu ambiri ndikupatsanso malonda kwa nthawi yayitali.
M'malingaliro anga, alimi amatha kugawa gawo la m'derali kuti alime mbatata za chakudya, ndi gawo - la zinthu zofunikira kukonzedwa, ndipo amatenga mwayi "osayika mazira mudengu limodzi", zomwe ndizofunikira pakadali pano.
- Ndipo za momwe zinthu ziliri. Kodi Amil mwanjira ina akumva zowawa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa masika a 2020 (kutseka malire, kusakhazikika kwa mtengo wosinthana, ndi zina zotere)? Kodi mliliwu mwanjira ukusintha mapulani anu?
- Tinakumana ndi vuto lalikulu pamene, pamodzi ndi fakitale yathu yonse, chokhacho chokhacho chomwe chimatipangira mankhwala chidaleka kugwira ntchito. Ndipo, polankhula padziko lonse lapansi, timagonjetsa zovuta zonse zofanana ndi kale. Kwenikweni, ndiwokhazikika pamakhalidwe. Utsogoleri wolamulira wankhanza womwe udalipo mdziko muno umapondereza chitukuko cha anthu onse ndi chuma champhamvu kuposa kachilombo kalikonse. Sweden, mwina, idamanga gulu lachiyanjano kuposa momwe lidalili ku USSR. Ndipo zomwe zidachitika tsopano ndi ife zili pafupi kwambiri ndi feudalism, ku Middle Ages.
Sindingazindikire kusintha kulikonse kokhudza kufunikira kwa wowuma. Mu gawo loyamba, talemba za kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi kogulitsa, koma izi zinali zomveka: mabizinesi anali kuunjika kotero kuti panthawi ina sangasiyidwe popanda zida. Tsopano zonse zabwerera kuzizindikiro zodziwika bwino, ndipo pakadali pano sitikuwona zofunika kuti zisinthe: m'malo ogawana anthu amangodya zofanana zomwezo popanda iwo. Chifukwa chake tikugwira ntchito molingana ndi dongosolo.
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