Chilimwe chikutha, kukolola mitundu yoyambirira ya mbatata kwayamba m'magawo ambiri a Russia, ndipo titha kunena mwachidule zotsatira za nyengo yovuta kwambiri, yosiyanitsidwa ndi chilala ndi kutentha kotentha ku Siberia ndi Urals, mvula yamphamvu. m'madera akum'mwera ndi chisanu choopsa mu theka lachiwiri la June, zomwe zimakhudza theka la dziko. Komabe, Dmitry Belov, mkulu wa dipatimenti yotsatsa malonda a kampani ya August, yemwe adafunsidwa ndi akonzi a magazini ya Potato System kuti alankhule za zochitika za chaka, akukhulupirira kuti mavuto ambiri omwe alimi aku Russia amakumana nawo nthawi zonse. kukula mbatata si chifukwa cha nyengo.
"Vuto lalikulu lamakampani mpaka pano ndi kusowa kwa mbeu zabwino pamsika,” iye akutero, “kudzera m’machubu ambewu, makamaka, kufalikira kwa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya, nkhani imene ili yovuta kwambiri ku Russia lerolino.” Pansi pazimenezi, malinga ndi katswiriyo, alimi ayenera kutenga njira yodalirika kwambiri posankha wogulitsa mbewu za mbatata, kuyendera minda yomwe zinthuzo zimakula, kutenga nawo mbali pakukumba ndikuonetsetsa kuti atumiza tubers kuchokera pamtanda wosankhidwa kuti agulidwe. kusanthula, kudalira zotsatira za ma laboratories okha otsimikiziridwa.
Kuwona mozama pakusankha mbewu ndi inshuwaransi yabwino motsutsana ndi tsoka lina lodziwika bwino - tuberous (tsinde) nematode. Malinga ndi zomwe a Dmitry Belov adawona, kachilomboka kakufalikira m'madera onse a mbatata mdziko muno - kumpoto chakumadzulo, komanso ku Central Black Earth, komanso kumadera ena a Volga. Monga momwe katswiriyu akugogomezera, ngati kuipitsidwa kwa nthaka kunachitika, wolima amayenera kuthera zaka zambiri kuti athetse vutoli. Dmitry Belov anati: “Njira zothana ndi nematode m’malo ankhondo a alimi zimathandiza kupeza mbatata zosapsa, koma sizikhudza anthu owononga,” akutero Dmitry Belov, “ndipo kufesa manyowa obiriwira pamalo okhudzidwa ndi kachilomboka (mpiru, nthangala, ndi zina zotero. ), ngakhale kuchitidwa molingana ndi malamulo onse , sikuthandiza pakanthawi kochepa. Malinga ndi katswiriyu, ma nematocides atsopano omwe ali ndi zotsatira zochepetsera anthu amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nematodes (zonse za tuberous ndi cyst-forming) m'nthaka, koma mpaka pano akungokonzekera kulowa msika. Kuphatikiza apo, zokumana nazo zikuchulukirachulukira pakugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kutengera mitundu ya bowa wolusa, zomwe ndizofunikiranso kutchera khutu ndikuwunika zotsatira zomwe zachitika mogwirizana ndi akatswiri pankhaniyi.
Vuto lalikulu kwa alimi a mbatata aku Russia lidakalipo anthracnose. Malinga ndi mkulu wa dipatimenti yogulitsa malonda a "August" kampani, lero palibe zokonzekera m'dzikoli zomwe, zikachiritsidwa, zimatha kuthetsa vutoli ndi mphamvu zokwanira. Koma opanga zaulimi amatha kuletsa kuyambika kwake pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera, zomwe, kuwonjezera pa chithandizo cha ma tubers panthawi yobzala, zimaphatikizansopo chithandizo chazomera pokonzekera magulu a triazole ndi strobilurin.
Nyengo iyi inachititsa kuwonongeka kwa alimi a mbatata ndi phytophthora (pamene tikukamba za madera akummwera: minda ina yomwe ikukula mbatata yoyambirira idapatuka pamapulogalamu oteteza komanso mbewu zotayika).
M'madera apakati pa Russia, Urals ndi Siberia, mvula yambiri inachitika mu July, koma katswiriyo akusonyeza kuti panthawiyi aganizire mfundoyi m'malo ngati yabwino. Dmitry Belov akutsimikiza kuti: "mbatata ndi mbewu yomwe ilibe madzi okwanira ku Russia," mitundu ina imachita bwino ndi izi, koma nthawi zambiri izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka. Kuchokera kumaganizo a katswiri, ngakhale mvula yamkuntho yomwe inagwa m'dera la Omsk, mwinamwake, sichidzayambitsa mavuto - "ngati palibe chiwonongeko cha zitunda ndi malo ogona olemera a nsonga."
Kawirikawiri, ngati alimi alimi amatha kukwaniritsa nthawi yomaliza yokonza chizolowezi (chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa kuti chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi minda pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono mu ntchito yawo), katswiriyo akulosera, zinthu zidzapitirizabe kulamulira. Ngakhale chithunzi chonse cha mochedwa choipitsa m'dziko adzakhala bwino pafupi yophukira.
Mwanjira ina, Dmitry Belov akuwonetsa alternariosis - matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha nkhawa (chilala, chisanu, kusokonezeka kwa zakudya zamchere, etc.). Malinga ndi katswiriyo, kwa nthawi yayitali kulimbana ndi alternariosis m'dziko lathu sikunapatsidwe chisamaliro choyenera, koma pakadali pano ndizovulaza madera angapo. Mkulu wa dipatimenti yotsatsa ya kampani ya Ogasiti amalimbikitsa eni minda yomwe ili pachiwopsezo kuti aphatikizepo kukonzekera mwapadera munjira zoteteza mbatata (zothandiza kwambiri ndizomwe zimachokera ku triazoles ndi strobilurins), osadalira zovuta zokha.
Makhalidwe abwino a nyengo yamakono akuphatikizapo kupereka kwathunthu kwa olima ulimi ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zoteteza zomera. Msika umapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana akunja ndi apakhomo. "Panali mavuto ndi zida zodzitetezera payekha, zidathetsedwa movutirapo, koma mwachangu, popanda kusowa," akufotokozera Dmitry Belov, "kuphatikizanso, makampani aku Russia, chifukwa cha njira inayake komanso momwe zinthu ziliri pano, adalabadira. mbewu zotsika mtengo monga mbatata, kulembetsa kwa mankhwala apadera, komanso kupanga kwawo, zidakwera m'dziko. Titha kunena molimba mtima kuti palibe malo omwe sangalowe m'malo (makamaka, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha chakudya, chitetezo ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizirombo ndi udzu).
Koma momwe zinthu zilili ndi mitengo yazinthu zoteteza mbewu, kuphatikiza zogulitsa zapakhomo, zimakhala zosayembekezereka kwa alimi pofika m'ma Julayi kuposa koyambirira kwa nyengo. "Zosakaniza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa zimapangidwira kunja kwa dziko lathu, ndipo chuma cha mabizinesiwa chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa msika wapadziko lonse," katswiriyo akufotokoza motero, "kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, mitengo ya mankhwala idachepetsedwa poyerekeza ndi nyengo yatha. . Chifukwa chake ndi "kuchulukirachulukira" kumafakitale aku China komwe kudachitika chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira masewera a Olimpiki a Beijing asanachitike komanso kuchepa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi pa mliri. Tsopano zofuna zabwereranso pamlingo wake wakale, ndipo kuwonjezera apo, mtengo wa ruble watsika kwambiri, motero mtengo wamankhwala pamndandanda wamitengo wasinthidwa kale.
Sizingatheke kuneneratu kuti kugulidwa kwa zinthu zoteteza zomera kwa nyengo yatsopano kudzawononga ndalama zingati. Mpaka pano, palibe zovomerezeka zochepetsera mitengo.