Gawo la mbatata ku Europe likumana ndi zovuta zazikulu mu nthawi yosungira 2020/2021, akatswiri akulosera
Pamene European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) idasindikiza lipoti la chlorpropham (CIPC), EU idaganiza zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndipo, mwa zina, ngati anti-kumera mu mbatata.
Ngakhale kuti chiletsocho chikugwira ntchito m'mayiko onse omwe ali m'bungwe la EU, tsiku lomaliza lololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito limasiyana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ku Netherlands kunali October 8. Tsiku lomaliza ku Belgium ndi June 30, 2020, ndipo chlorpropham itha kugwiritsidwabe ntchito ku France mpaka Ogasiti 8 chaka chamawa.
"Kuletsa kumeneku kudzakhala ndi zotsatira," akutero Jan Gottschall. Iye ndi katswiri wa ndondomeko ku Dutch Potato Organization (NAO).
Mamembala a NAO akuphatikizapo makampani omwe akuchita nawo malonda a mbatata, kutumiza kunja, kugawa ndi kuyika. Ian akuwoneratu zovuta zazikulu kwa mamembala a NAO pankhani yotumiza mbatata kumayiko akutali.
Akuti pafupifupi matani 200 a mbatata amatumizidwa kumayiko achitatu kuchokera ku Netherlands. Mwa bukuli, pafupifupi matani 000 amapita ku Africa. Kuletsa kumera koletsa kumera kumakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pankhani imeneyi.
"Ogula safuna kuti mbatata yawo yogula ikhale ndi mphukira," akufotokoza motero.
Komabe, kusanja, kunyamula ndi kunyamula mbatata kupita kumadera akutali kutha kutenga masiku 14 mpaka mwezi umodzi. Maikowa akuphatikizapo Ivory Coast, Senegal ndi mayiko aku Asia.
Ian akuti kumera kumachitika nthawi yayitali yomwe mbatata sizikusungidwa pamalo otetezedwa ndipo palibe mwayi wopita ku CIPC.
Kusankhira, kulongedza ndi kunyamula nthawi zambiri zogulitsa ku Netherlands kapena European Union ndi zazifupi kwambiri, chifukwa chake mavuto amangoyembekezeredwa kuti abweretse kumayiko akutali.
Wageningen University ndi Research Center ku Netherlands akuphunzira za mitundu 20 yophatikizika ya njira zopondereza majeremusi, ndipo akupanganso malingaliro kwa eni nyumba osungiramo zinthu momwe angayeretsere nyumba zosungiramo katundu, popeza chlorpropham imakonda kudziunjikira pamalo.
Palibe ndondomeko yaukhondo yomwe ingachotseretu zotsalira za CIPC, ndipo Europe ikusakasaka njira yothanirana ndi vutoli. Kuyeretsa kosavuta ndi burashi, vacuum cleaner ndi high-pressure cleaner sikukwanira kuchotsa zotsalira za chlorpropham.
Ponena za njira zina za chlorpropham, 4 ndizokwanira kwambiri: maleic hydrazide, omwe kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofuna kupewa kumera, mafuta a peppermint, 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene ndi ethylene. Atatu omaliza amawathira pa mbatata posungira, ndi maleic hydrazide panthawi yolima mbatata.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa majeremusi oletsa majeremusi atsopanowa sikubweretsa vuto lililonse kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zatsopano.
Komabe, malo osungira akale nthawi zambiri amakhala osatetezedwa bwino kapena alibe makina olowera mpweya. "Alimi omwe ali ndi malo osungira akale amatha kugwiritsa ntchito maleic hydrazide panthawi yomwe akukula, ndikuchepetsa kumera kwapakati kutengera mitundu, kukula ndi kukolola, komanso kutentha kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu. Omwe amafunikira kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa asindikizidwa kotero kuti mankhwala ena akapopera panthawi yosungira, zinthuzo zimagwira ntchito bwino. Kuchuluka kwa kudzaza kumathandizanso. Malo ochepa otseguka - malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mbatata - zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino. Chotero, nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zatsopano zimagaŵidwa kukhala zipinda zosiyana,” akufotokoza motero asayansi Achidatchi.
“Ndalama zosungira zikhala zokwera pakanthawi kochepa kapena kwanthawi yayitali chifukwa cha chiletso cha CIPC. Ndipo kuwonjezeka uku kudzaphatikizidwa mumitengo ya mgwirizano. Ndizodziwikiratu kuti kuletsa kumera popanda CIPC kudzakhala kokwera mtengo kusiyana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwalawa. Zokwera mtengo bwanji sizinadziwikebe. Zowonjezera ndalama zimatengera zinthu monga njira yopondereza mphukira yomwe yasankhidwa - mankhwala, okhala ndi maleic hydrazide kapena opanda - komanso momwe mbatata imamera movutikira, zomwe zimatengera nyengo yakukula komanso momwe mbewu zimamera. Zinthu zatsopano zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti timawonjezera zobwereketsa zida komanso mtengo wantchito yogwirira ntchito. ”
(Kuchokera: www.freshplaza.com. Wolemba: Martin van der Vekken).
Werengani mokwanira: https://www.agroxxi.ru/