Mbatata ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri pamatenda amitundu yonse. Kulowa ndi matenda obwera ndi ma virus, mafangasi, komanso bakiteriya pakapita nthawi, kudziunjikira mu tubers ndikumapangitsa kuti mbatata zisinthe.
Akatswiri a Komi Rosselkhoznadzor Directorate amalimbikitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata yophatikizidwa ndi State Record of Selection Achievement Approves Approves Approved App for Use in Russia and Zoned for the Climate Zone ithandizanso kubzala.
Malinga ndi GOST 33996-2016 "Mbatata za mbewu. Zofunikira paukadaulo ndi njira zodziwira bwino ", mbatata za mbatata ziyenera kukhala zathanzi, zokhala ndi khungu lolimba, lopanda utoto wokhala ndi mitundu mitundu yambiri ya botanical, yowuma, yophukira (pakugulitsa kwa masika, ma tubers osaphuka osaposa 5 mm amaloledwa) .
Mbatata za mbatata zimagawika m'magulu: superelite, osankhika, tubers oyambira, achiwiri komanso achitatu.
Superelite ndiye "yoyera" kwambiri, yopanda matenda aliwonse, mbatata yokhala m'mabotolo kuchokera ku meristem. Ichi ndi mtengo wodula kwambiri, womwe nthawi zambiri umagulidwa ndi nazale kuti mupange mbatata zapamwamba ndi mbatata zoyamba kubereka.
Mbatata za mbeu za osankhika ndizobzala kwambiri zomwe sizinatenge kachilombo komanso ma bacteria. Zomera zathanzi zimaphukira kuchokera pamenepo, momwe zimagwirizanirana bwino ndikusamalidwa bwino ndikupereka mbewu zambiri zam'madzi zabwino.
Mbatata zoyamba kubzala ndi mbatata zambewu zomwe zimapezeka mchaka choyamba atabzalidwa mbewu zabwino. Zinthu zobzala zotere zimaperekanso zokolola zambiri, koma zimayamba kudziunjikira matenda mwachangu kuposa mbatata "zapamwamba".
Zomera zabwino zimakulanso kuchokera mbatata za kubwereza kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu, koma patatha chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zimalowa m'gulu la "mbatata za chakudya", zomwe zokolola zimachepa, mawonekedwe amtunduwu komanso kukana matenda zimatayika.
Limodzi mwa malamulo akuluakulu - musagule mumisika yongodzigulitsa kapena kwa ogulitsa osadzitsimikizira. Wogulitsayo ayenera kukhala ndi satifiketi yoyimira (chitupa cha mbewu) pazinthu zomwe zikuwonetsa dzina la mitundu, gulu la zinthu zobzala (superelite, osankhika), chiwerengero cha batch, chaka cha mbewu, kulemera kwa batch, dzina ndi adilesi ya woperekera. Mitundu yosankhidwa ya mbatata iyenera kukhala yoyenera kukula m'dera lanu (mitundu yoberekedwa kum'mwera siyabwino kukula munjira yapakatikati ndi kumpoto, komanso mosemphanitsa).
Mizu yoyenera ikhale youma komanso yosalala, yofanana ndi mawonekedwe komanso kulemera, ndi peel yotanuka (peel yopindika ikusonyeza kusungidwa kosayenera, komwe kungakhudze mbewuyo molakwika).
Mbatata za mbewu zapamwamba ziyenera kukhala zopanda zophukira (panthawi ya mayendedwe, zina mwa izo zimasweka, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu); tubers sayenera kukhala ndi ming'alu, banga, kudulira kapena kuwola (chifukwa mbatata zambewu zabwino sizovomerezeka, chifukwa ma tubers sangaoneke ngati abwino kubzala).
Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa maudzu a udzu wokhazikika kwa Russian Federation, komanso tizirombo ndi matenda, zomwe zimaphatikizapo khansa ya mbatata, zowola za bakiteriya, mwendo wakuda, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zithunzi, kuchepa kwakumaso, nkhanu yakuda, ndi smat ya mbatata, sizimaloledwa mu mbatata zambewu. golide mbatata nematode ndi ena.
Pogwiritsa ntchito machubu a mbatata osachokerako, pali matenda ambiri omwe amabwera patsamba lake. Izi zimatha kubweretsa mbewu yosauka, komanso kuipitsa dothi.
Tiyeni tikumbukire kuti nzika zosauka zadzikoli zitha kupeza ndalama zogulira mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Anthu omwe amalima mbatata m'malo awo azitha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopanoyi.
Pazenera zokambirana pagulu za malamulo osakonzedwa, Unduna wa Zantchito, Ntchito ndi Chitetezo Chachitukuko udalemba lamulo la boma, lomwe limapereka gawo lothandizirana ndi anthu ndikuwunikira njira ndi momwe amalipirira ndalama.
Boma, chiwongola dzanja chochuluka chimatchedwa "pakuyang'anira ntchito yolima". Kukula kwake kudzakhala ma ruble 500. Mabanja komanso anthu osungulumwa omwe adadziwika kuti ndi osauka pa Meyi 1, 2020 angadalire kulandira ndalama. Amanenedwa kuti mu banja losauka ma ruble 500 adzaperekedwa kwa membala aliyense.
Malo omwe amapezeka kuti athandize anthu pantchito zachitetezo chamtundu wa anthu azikhazikitsa ndi kusinthitsa ndalama zake. Kudzakhala kofunikira kuti mupemphe malipiro osaposachedwa pa June 30, 2020.
Kuti mulipire, pangafunike kuperekera kuchipatalako mawu osonyeza kupezeka kwa malo a banja losauka kapena munthu wamoyo m'modzi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kokhazikika, kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, chuma chomwe mungalandire kapena kubweza. Muyenera kupereka choyambirira cha nkhaniyi. Chikalata chovomerezeka ngati banja kapena munthu wosungulumwa samaperekedwa. Malo amayendera izi pawokha.
Lingaliro pa kusankhidwa ndi kulipidwa kapena kukana limapangidwa pasanathe masiku asanu ogwira ntchito kuyambira tsiku lolembetsa ntchitoyo. Ndalama zidzasamutsidwa mkati mwa masiku 10 kalendala kuyambira tsiku lomwe lingaliro liperekedwe.