Malo oyesera a nthambi ya Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozcenter" ku Krasnoyarsk Territory anayambitsa mtundu watsopano wa kafukufuku - kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira zamoyo zosinthidwa chibadwa (GMOs) ndi zochitika zenizeni za polymerase chain reaction.
Pa gawo la Russian Federation, kupezeka kwa ma GMO mu chakudya ndi mbewu kumayendetsedwa ndi Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR TS 015/2011 "Pa chitetezo cha tirigu", motsatana, kuyang'anira zomwe zili mu GMOs. tirigu ndi wovomerezeka. Komanso, molingana ndi lamulo lopanga mbewu (Federal Law No. 17.12.1997-FZ la pa Disembala 149, 11, losinthidwa pa June 2021, XNUMX), ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zakubzala (kubzala) ku Russian Federation, genetic program yomwe yasinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zama genetic. Pakalipano, lamulo latsopano "Pakupanga mbewu" No. 454-FZ lavomerezedwa (likuyamba kugwira ntchito pa September 1, 2023), malinga ndi zomwe mbewu zonse ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti zikhale ndi GMO.
Chamoyo chosinthidwa chibadwa ndi chamoyo chomwe genotype yake yasinthidwa mwachisawawa ndi uinjiniya wa majini kuti ipatse zomwe zimafunikira. Muulimi, uinjiniya wa majini umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu yatsopano ya zomera zomwe zimalimbana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe komanso tizirombo, zomwe zimakula bwino komanso kukoma.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira ma GMOs muzakudya ndi mbewu ndi ma polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Iyi ndi njira yodziwikiratu komanso yolondola kwambiri potengera kukopera kangapo kwa gawo lina la DNA nucleic acid pogwiritsa ntchito ma enzyme pansi pamikhalidwe yopangira (in vitro). PCR imatheketsa kupeza muzoyeserera kagawo kakang'ono ka chidziwitso cha majini chomwe chili mumndandanda wapadera wa DNA ma nucleotide a chamoyo chilichonse pakati pa zigawo zina zambiri za DNA ndikuchulukitsa nthawi zambiri.
Mu labotale yoyesera ya nthambi ya Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozcenter" ku Krasnoyarsk Territory, kuchotsa DNA kuchokera ku zomera ndi PCR kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za bungwe la labotale ya PCR. Kukulitsa (kupanga makope angapo a zigawo za chromosomal DNA) kumachitika pa amplifier ya ANK-M yomwe ili m'kaundula wa zida zoyezera za FSIS Arshin system. Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi chotchinga chotenthetsera chomwe chimasunga kutentha kofunikira kuti chichitike ndipo chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira ma microcomputer, ndipo chimakhala ndi chowunikira cha fulorosenti chomwe chimalembetsa chizindikiro cha fulorosenti kuchokera pazosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zikonzekere kudzikundikira kwa PCR.
PCR imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za reagent zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu (yopitilira 90%) ya momwe PCR imachitira, kukhudzika kwakukulu komanso kutsimikizika kuti azindikire ma GMO, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zapadziko lonse lapansi za magawo a malire ozindikira (LOD) ndi malire a kuchuluka (LOQ) , yomwe ili ndi internal positive control (VPK), yomwe imachotsa zotsatira zabodza.
Gawo loyamba la kusanthula kwa kuzindikira kwa ma GMO ndikuwunika kwa GMO - kafukufuku wozama kuti azindikire DNA ya mbewu ndikuzindikira ma genetic - njira zina zoyendetsera (otsatsa ndi omaliza) ndi majini. Ngati chimodzi mwa zinthuzi chikupezeka, mizere yosinthidwa chibadwa ya zomera zinazake imadziwika.
Mu labotale yoyesera ya nthambi ya Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozcenter" ku Krasnoyarsk Territory, kafukufuku akuchitika kuti azindikire ma GMO muzakudya ndi chakudya komanso mbewu za mbewu zaulimi. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi akatswiri omwe aphunzitsidwa pamutu wakuti "Zomwe zimayambira pozindikira ma GMO muzomera ndi PCR zenizeni" ku Federal Center for Assessing Safety and Quality of Grain and Its Processing Products ku Moscow Region.
Chifukwa chake, akatswiri a labotale yoyezetsa adziwa bwino njira yatsopano yamakono komanso yodalirika yowunikira zomwe zili muzomera za GMO. M'tsogolomu, zakonzedwa kuti ziphatikizepo njira iyi pakuvomerezeka kwa labotale yoyesera kudzera mu dongosolo la Rosaccreditation.