Malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Usodzi, pofika pa Julayi 20, alimi akumaloko adakolola mbatata yoyambirira pafupifupi matani 80 (kuyambira lero mu 2021 - matani 56) ndi zokolola za 350 c/ha. Komanso, kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku kusonkhanitsa masiku ano ndi matani 3,5-5 zikwi.
Osachepera tima ndi Kutolere masamba mankhwala. Kuyambira lero, zidakwana matani 19,3, omwe ndi 8% kuposa mu 2021 (matani 17,9). Mu gawo ili, kuwonjezeka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi matani 1-1,5 zikwi.
Kabichi (matani 12,4 chikwi - + 21% poyerekeza ndi 2021) ndi nkhaka (matani 3 - + 19%) pakali pano akulamulira. Palinso zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri za zukini, tsabola, letesi ndi biringanya - zonse zidakololedwa matani 3,6, omwe ndi 1,5 kuposa chilimwe chatha (matani 2,4).
phwetekereyo ilibe chithunzithunzi - idakololedwa matani 300 okha, omwe ndi 26% ya chiwerengero cha chaka chatha. Koma pano, monga kutsimikiziridwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa: m'dera la Astrakhan, kutsindika kwa phwetekere kuli pamitundu yochedwa, yomwe imakololedwa mu Ogasiti-Seputembala.
European zokolola
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa alimi a mbatata a Astrakhan apeza zotsatira zabwino pakulima mizu. Makamaka pankhani ya zokolola.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, 85% ya mbatata yaku Russia imabzalidwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndi mafamu. Ndipo ngati m'mabizinesi akuluakulu alimi zokolola zambiri ndi 240-300 centners pa hekitala, ndiye kwa alimi, monga lamulo, mpaka 170 centners pa hekitala, m'mabwalo apakhomo - mpaka 150 centners pa hekitala. Choncho, n'zosadabwitsa kuti, malinga ndi chizindikiro ichi, atsogoleri ndi madera omwe ali ndi ulimi - Tatarstan, Bashkiria, Voronezh, Samara, Penza zigawo, kumene zokolola zili mu 280-300 c / ha.
Potengera izi, dera la Astrakhan lomwe lili ndi mulingo wofikira 350 centner pa hekitala ndi Europe weniweni. Ndipo izi sizongoyerekeza. Zachidziwikire, ma Astrakhan sangapikisane ndi atsogoleri a mbatata a Old World pankhani ya zokolola (ku Netherlands, zokolola ndi 447 centners / ha, France - 432 centners / ha, Belgium - 423 centners / ha, Germany 423 centners. / ha), koma ndife apamwamba kuposa mayiko omwe ali ndi chilimwe chotentha komanso chowuma - Spain (281 c/ha), Portugal (270 c/ha), Italy (255 c/ha).
Major donor kwa mbatata
Ndipo ngakhale madera omwe ali pansi pa mbatata m'chigawo cha Astrakhan siakulu, koma chifukwa cha zokolola zambiri zomwe zatchulidwa komanso kudya pang'ono kwa mbatata m'derali (mkati mwa matani 50-55), amalandira katundu wambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuti dera la Astrakhan likhale m'gulu la madera omwe amapereka mbatata m'zaka khumi zapitazi, ndipo m'zaka za m'ma 20s - m'ma 5 apamwamba.
Ndipo tsopano pafupifupi 85% ya mbatata imatumizidwa kunja kwa dera. Madera akuluakulu ogula mizu ya Astrakhan ndi madera a Moscow, Leningrad ndi Sverdlovsk. Matani opitilira 3 a mbatata atumizidwa kale ku Belarus ndi Kazakhstan.
Mitundu yayikulu ya mbatata yomwe imatumizidwa kunja ndi Riviera, Colomba, Red Scarlett, Arizona, Newton, Collete, Rosara, Memphis, La Strada.
Mitengo yokopa
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti masamba ena amtundu wa Astrakhan akufunika kwambiri. Zambiri zamasamba za Astrakhan zimatumizidwa kumadera atatu omwe tawatchula kale, komanso ku Belarus (pafupifupi matani 2,8 zikwi).
Mwa njira, dera la Astrakhan ndi gawo lopereka masamba. Udindo, wachidziwikire, siwofunika kwambiri ngati mbatata, koma derali lili pamwamba 20. Ndipo kachiwiri, chifukwa cha zokolola zambiri za masamba angapo, omwe ndi mbiri ku Southern Federal District (deta ya 2021): nkhaka zotseguka - 374 centners / ha, tomato wotseguka - 642 centners / ha, kabichi - 438 centners / ha, mavwende ndi mphonda - 377 q/ha.
Ogula amakopeka osati kokha ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, komanso ndi mitengo yotsika. Chifukwa chake, kabichi imaperekedwa kwa ma ruble 7-10 pa kilogalamu, yomwe ili pamlingo wa chaka chatha, ndi nkhaka - 18-20 rubles / kg, yomwe ili pafupi theka la mtengo wa 2021.
Dera la Astrakhan likupitilizabe kukulitsa ma steppe poyang'ana gawo lazokolola. Chifukwa chake, kuyambira chiyambi cha nyengo, malo ofesedwa mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba awonjezeka ndi mahekitala 2,4 poyerekeza ndi 2021.