Asayansi ku yunivesite ya Purdue akufuna alimi kuti atenge nawo mbali pamapulojekiti awiri omwe cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa feteleza ndi kubzala mbewu zosiyanasiyana. David Cammarano, Pulofesa Wothandizira wa Agronomy, adzagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chakutali ndi sayansi ya data kuti awonjezere phindu laulimi ndikuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha chilengedwe.
Ntchito yoyamba, pulojekiti yolumikizana pakati pa University of Minnesota ndi Purdue, ikufuna kupeza alimi aku Indiana ndi Minnesota omwe akufuna kuyesa njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni. Asanabzale chimanga, adzafunsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nayitrogeni m'mizeremizere. Pambuyo pake, ochita kafukufuku adzapeza zithunzi za satellite kapena zamlengalenga za mindayo ndikugwiritsa ntchito detayi kuti apange malamulo osinthika a feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
Masiku ano, 20 peresenti yokha ya alimi ku Midwest amagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni m'minda yawo. Detayo ithandiza Cammarano ndi anzake kudziwa mitengo yogwiritsira ntchito yomwe imapereka phindu lalikulu lazachuma, zachuma komanso zachilengedwe pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaulimi, zomwe zimalola alimi ambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamatenda a nayitrogeni molimba mtima.
"Zomwe timasonkhanitsa zitithandiza kupanga mapulani ogwiritsira ntchito nayitrogeni muzochitika zinazake komanso mbewu zinazake," adatero Cammarano, yemwe zochitika zake zimaphatikizapo kutengera mbewu, kuzindikira kutali komanso ulimi wolondola. "Tikugwiritsa ntchito zida zaulimi za digito kuti tibweretse phindu lalikulu kwa alimi ndi chilengedwe."
Ofufuza akuyang'ana minda yonse ya 10 ya maekala osachepera 30 m'maboma onse omwe amasiyana pachiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwamadzi apansi a nitrate. Awa adzakhala Jasper, Cass, Miami, Carroll, Blackford, Henry, Hendrix, Shelby, Dubois, ndi zigawo za Wonderburg ku Indiana.
Alimi ayenera kukhala oyenerera kulowa mu Environmental Quality Incentive Programme (EQUIP) komanso kukhala ndi mlangizi wa mbewu wofunitsitsa kugwirizana ndi ntchitoyi. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mapu oyika feteleza, minda, zokolola ndi zitsanzo za nthaka kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka khumi zapitazi.
Alimi omwe atenga nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu adzalandira $1000 ndi chipukuta misozi pakuwonongeka kulikonse kwa mbewu. Alangizi a mbewu adzalandira $300 pamunda uliwonse.
Ntchito yachiwiri yothandizana ndi yunivesite ya Illinois ikufuna alimi a thonje, chimanga, soya, ndi tirigu ochokera ku Indiana, Arkansas, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Texas, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, ndi Washington kuti apititse patsogolo njira za feteleza.
Ofufuzawa adzapatsa alimi zida zomwe angagwiritse ntchito popanga zowunikira zenizeni, zoyendetsedwa ndi deta za zovuta zachuma ndi zachilengedwe za nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi njira zoyendetsera mitengo yambewu.
"Tikuyang'ana mwayi woti alimi apindule kwambiri ndi mitengo yobzala ndi kuthira feteleza," adatero Cammarano. "Ngati titha kupeza malo oti tipeze zokolola zambiri ndi feteleza wocheperako, sitingapindule pazachuma komanso chilengedwe."