Monga mtsogoleri padziko lonse lapansi pakupanga mbatata, China yatsalira kwa nthawi yayitali m'mbuyo mwa olima mbatata ambiri pankhani ya zokolola. Chifukwa chake chinali kusowa kwa mitundu yobala zipatso zomwe tidasankha komanso kusowa kwa mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri.
M’zaka 20 zapitazi, dzikoli lachita ntchito yaikulu yokonza zinthu. Nyenyezi zenizeni zawonekera mumitundu yamitundu ya mdziko.
Xisen 6 imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri pakuweta kwa ku China. Mu 2016, idavomerezedwa ndi Komiti Yovomerezeka Yamitundu Yambiri ya Mbeu ya Inner Mongolia ndi Komiti Yadziko Loyang'anira Zosiyanasiyana za Mbatata.
Pakadali pano, zokolola zamtunduwu m'dera lomwe amalimidwa ku Inner Mongolia nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi 75 t/ha.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa tuber (ku China, kukula kwa tuber ndi 7+), zinthu zowuma kwambiri (24%), zochepetsera shuga (0,14%), zoyenera kugulitsa ndi kukonza zatsopano. Amabzalidwa mwachangu m'dziko lonselo, zomwe zimalola alimi mazanamazana kuti awonjezere ndalama zawo.
Masiku ano, oŵeta akuyesetsa kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mikhalidwe yoposa ya Xisen 6. Pofuna kufulumizitsa njirayi, asayansi ali okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano, ngakhale zakuthambo. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti mumlengalenga, mbewu zimakumana ndi ma radiation ambiri komanso ma radiation amphamvu, komanso zinthu zina zowopsa, monga microgravity ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri, komwe kungayambitse kusintha kwa majini komwe sikungatheke kukwaniritsa pogwiritsa ntchito magwero a dziko lapansi. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, mbewu za mbatata 20 zomwe zidakhala m'mlengalenga kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pa chombo cha Shenzhou 000 zidabwerera ku Earth. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, iwo adamera, kenako adawaika mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti abereke, ndipo miyezi iwiri pambuyo pake, ma microtubers adasonkhanitsidwa. Koma pakadali pano, ichi ndi chiyambi chabe cha kuyesa.
“Mbewu ndiye chinsinsi chachitetezo cha chakudya cha China. Pokhapokha mutagwira mbeu m'manja mwanu m'mene chakudya chingakhale chotsimikizika komanso chitetezo cha chakudya cha dziko chitsimikizike. Magwero a mbeu akuyenera kukhala odziyimira pawokha komanso oyendetsedwa bwino, ndipo umisiri wopangira mbewu uyenera kudalira mphamvu zawo komanso kuthekera kwawo, "mawu awa a Purezidenti Xi Jinping, omwe adalankhula paulendo wake wopita ku labotale yambewu ya Yazhouwan mu 2022, akuwonetsa momveka bwino kufunikira kwa ulimi wothirira mbewu. akuluakulu a dziko.
Mbeu zambiri za mbatata zopanda kachilombo zimapangidwa kumadera amapiri ku China. Maderawa ali ndi mwayi wapadera wokonzekera kupanga mbewu: kutalika kuchokera pa 1800 m pamwamba pa nyanja, nyengo yozizira kwambiri, kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku, komanso kusakhalapo kwa tizilombo tonyamula ma virus.
Boma la dziko lino limalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono obzala mbewu m'zigawo zotere, ndikugogomezera kuti kwa alimi ambiri am'deralo, kupanga mbewu, kupanga mitundu yamitundu, komanso kulowa kwawo m'misika yapakhomo ndi yakunja ndi mwayi woyiwala umphawi.
China imatumiza mbatata yopanda kachilombo ku Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, Nicaragua ndi mayiko ena.
ndemanga
Dr. Hu Bai Geng, General Manager Xisen Mbatata Industrial gulu Company Zochepa
- Ku China, mitundu yambiri ya mbatata imabzalidwa. Mtundu wokondeka wa khungu ndi wachikasu, woyera ndi wofiira, mtundu wokonda kwambiri wa zamkati ndi wachikasu. Mbatata zofiirira ndizochepa kwambiri.
Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri yaku China: Xisen 3, Xisen 6, Zhongshu 5, Jizhangshu 12, Longshu 7, Lishu 6, Longshu 10, Minshu 1, Jinshu 16, Yunshu 505, Qianshu 8, E malingshu 16, ndi zina. : Favorita , Atlantic, Shepody.
Mitundu yokazinga: Shepody, Innovator, Kexin 17; kwa tchipisi: Atlantic, Kexin16, Zhangshu 7, Jinshu 2, Dongnong 310; kwa wowuma: Kexin 12, Tianshu 10, Neishu 7, Dongnong 310, Huashu 1, Jinshu 5.
Oweta aku China akupitilizabe kuyesetsa kubweretsa zinthu zatsopano pamsika. Ntchito ya asayansi ndikupanga mitundu yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza panthawi yolima. kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya madzi ogwiritsira ntchito ulimi wothirira. Alimi amafunikiranso mitundu yosamva mchere wam'nthaka ndi zovuta zina.
Dziko la China lapanga mbewu za mbatata, minda yambewu imapanga zinthu zopanda ma virus, ndipo alimi ochepa a mbatata kumadera akumidzi amagwiritsa ntchito machubu a chaka chatha ngati mbewu.
Muyezo wa dziko lonse wa mbewu za mbatata watengedwa. National muyezo kodi: GB18133-2012.