Kampani ya Ogasiti yatchulanso tizirombo toopsa kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kukolola mu 2020. Cholinga cha nthawi ino ndikuchiwona dzombe, nsabwe za m'madzi, njenjete ndi nthata za tirigu. Kufalitsa tizirombo kumathandizidwa ndi nyengo yofatsa, yomwe ikuyamba kutentha. Nthawi yomweyo, chaka chino, alimi asungidwa kwa mbozi zambiri zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mbewu zaulimi zisawonongeke mu 2019: ma borecks, chifukwa cha kusuntha kwakukulu komwe kuchokera kumunda wina kupita kumunda, magalimoto mumisewu adapita kukasiketi, thonje la thonje likukhazikika mkati mwa cobs, chinthu chachikulu ndi njenjete ya kabichi, yomwe kuchulukitsa kwa anthu kungathetse kulima kwa achifwamba m'dziko lathu. Kubwezeretsanso kwa Lepidoptera kunachepetsedwa ndi madontho a April kumwera kwa Russia.
Poyerekeza ndi kuwukira kosawerengeka kwa dzombe ku Africa, Asia ndi Middle East ku Russia, zigawo za Kumwera ndi North Caucasus zalimbana polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Stavropol, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Chechnya, Astrakhan, Volgograd ndi Rostov. Madera awa aku Russia ndi mtundu wamalire akumpoto, komwe "dzombe lachilendo" limatha kuwuluka ndikuyamba kubereka kumeneko.
"Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa dzombe mu 2020 kunadziwika m'madera a Stavropol, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Volgograd ndi Astrakhan," akutero a Dmitry Belov, wamkulu wotsogola malonda ku Avgust. - Komabe, kufalikira ndi zotsatira zake ndizinthu zosiyana, ndipo mwambiri chaka chino tidatha kuthana ndi dzombe. Kuphulika kwalembedwa chifukwa cha kuwunika: kwenikweni, ndi mtundu womwe umamangidwa pamaziko a data yeniyeni, yothandizidwa ndi chidziwitso cha nyengo komanso kuwunika deta kuchokera kumadera komwe dzombe limasamukira. Ngati ku Asia, ku Middle East, ku Africa, kukwera kwa dzombe kumayamba, popeza chaka chino, ndiye zikuonekeratu kuti nafenso tiyenera kukonzekera. "
Kuwunikira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zokumba m'nthaka m'malo opezeka ndi dzombe. Monga lamulo, izi zimaphatikizapo matanda, mabowo, mitsinje, nkhokwe za mabango m'dera lonyowa. Akatswiri akufuna "dzombe" la dzombe, amatha kudziwa mphutsi, ndipo mozama kwambiri, amalemba zaulendo - pomwe unyinji wa dzombe umakwera pampiko. Kufalikira kwa dzombe nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchiza matenda omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka mankhwala at isanaulukirane ndi maluwa asanauluke. Chifukwa chake, kufalikira kumatha kukhala kwakukulu, ndikuwonongeka kwa ulimi kuchokera pamenepo - ochepa. Kampani "August", makamaka, ikuwona kuti chaka chino chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu ndi dzombe idalembetsedwa m'magawo a Stavropol ndi Volgograd.
Kwa zaka zingapo motsatizana, nsabwe za m'masamba zakhala zikuyambitsa mavuto kwa olima aku Russia, kuwonongeka kwa mbewu za mpendadzuwa, chimanga, nandolo ndi mbewu zina. Malinga ndi akatswiri a Ogasiti, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kuwononga kwambiri, chifukwa zimawonetsa kukana ma pyrethroid ndi ma neonicotinoid mankhwala ophera tizilombo - makamaka kum'mwera, komwe nyengo yotentha neonicotinoids samayenda nkomwe mkati mwa zouma komanso osakwaniritsa cholinga chawo. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a organophosphate kapena zosakanikirana ndi tank. Mu 2020, nsabwe za m'masamba zidakhudzidwa ndi mbewu m'madera a Voronezh ndi Kursk, ku Stavropol Territory ndi Altai Territory.
Mbozi zakuda za dambo lodyetsa - tizilombo tina zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa alimi ndi okhala pachilimwe nyengo ino - zimakonda mbewu tidakali tating'ono, tokhala ndi masamba opindika. M'chilimwe ichi, kuchuluka kwa mbozizi kudakwera kwambiri kuposa masiku onse. Izi zinaonekera kwambiri m'dera la Novosibirsk, m'chigawo cha Altai, pagawo la dera la Krasnoyarsk komanso m'chigawo cha Omsk.
"Ku Central Black Earth Region, mwachitsanzo, amazolowera njenjete, palibe vuto lalikulu kwa alimi. Ngakhale, ife, makamaka, tawona momwe, pakadapanda chithandizo ndi kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kwa mpendadzuwa, chomera chimakhalabe ndi masamba opangidwa bwino. Nkhondo yolimbana ndi njenjete, ngati ikupezeka munthawi yake, siivuta konse: itha kuwonongeka bwino mothandizidwa ndi mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala, kuphatikizapo ma pyrethroids, "atero a Dmitry Belov.
Chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha ku Russia, kuchuluka kwa mitengo ya tirigu ikukula. Njere yozizira (yokhala ndi miyendo yofiyira) imasokoneza kwambiri kuperewera kwa tirigu wachisanu. Mu 2018-2019 zinali zofala makamaka ku Stavropol Territory, Krasnodar Territory, ndi Rostov Region, ndipo chaka chino adalembetsedwa ngakhale kumwera kwa Voronezh Region. Wheat mite ndi ma microscopic mite omwe amawononganso tirigu wozizira, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwake, mawanga achikasu pamasamba nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa ndi opanga azaulimi chifukwa cha matenda a fungus etiology kapena zovuta za nyengo. M'mbuyomu komanso chaka chathachi, kufalikira kwa tizilombo tosimba kudalembedwa ku Republic of Bashkortostan, ku Altai, m'chigawo cha Novosibirsk, dera la Kurgan, mpaka kumadera aku Sverdlovsk ndi Chelyabinsk. Mu 2020, idapezekanso m'dera la Bashkortostan. Chaka chino, m'chigawo cha Voronezh, nkhupakupa zimakhudza kwambiri chimanga, soya, beets.
Nthawi yomweyo, kampani ya Ogasiti imati mitengo yozizira yoopsa kum'mwera chakumapeto kwa Epulo siyidangowononga mbewu, zomwe zidapangitsa kuchepa kwa zokolola chaka chino, komanso zimachepetsa zochita za tizirombo tambiri. Choyamba - njenjete ya kabichi, yomwe idayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu pa mbewu za kugwiriridwa kwa masika pazaka zisanu zapitazi. Mu 2020, kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero chake sikunalembedwe.
“Pakati pa chaka cha 2015 mpaka 2019. mdziko lathu, dera lomwe anthu adaphulika masika lidakwera kuchokera pa mahekitala 1 miliyoni kufika 1,5 miliyoni, atero a Dmitry Belov. - Alimi ambiri adayamba kuyambitsa kugwiriridwa ngati kapangidwe ka kasinthidwe ka mbewu, chifukwa idagulitsidwa mwachangu kumisika yaku Europe ndi China zonse mwanjira ya chimanga komanso mafuta. Panthawi ina, adatha kufinya ena opanga aku Europe. Komabe, zinthu zinasinthanitsidwa ndi njenjete ya kabichi - tizilombo tomwe timakhala tili ku Russia nthawi zonse, koma kuchuluka kwake kudachitikanso chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha komanso kukula msanga m'malo achifwamba.
Chodabwitsa cha njenjete ya kabichi ndikuti nthawi yotentha, mibadwo ingapo ya tizilombo imatha kusintha m'munda womwewo - mwachitsanzo, dzombe. Nthawi yomweyo, mazira a tizilombo, mbozi, pupae, ndi achikulire atha kukhala m'gawo lomwelo. Chifukwa chake, alimi ambiri amayenera kuchita mankhwala ophera tizirombo mpaka nthawi 6 pachaka, ndipo kufunika kwa malo ena pama mankhwala ophera tizilombo ogulitsa pamsika akuwonjezeka ndi 400-500%. Akatswiri a kampani ya "August" amadziwa kuti gawo la opanga ulimi kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2018-2019. ngakhale adaganiza zosiya kulima wogwirira, popeza omwe sanachite mankhwalawo atha kutaya mbewuyo kwathunthu, ndipo omwe amawateteza, chifukwa cha mtengo wa mankhwala ophera tizirombo, adagwera phindu.
Chaka chino, kufalikira kwa zochita za tizilombo tofanana ndi gulugufe wa burdock sikulembedwanso, pomwe chaka cham'mbuyomu mbozi zake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa ndikudyera namsongole, mbewu zowonongeka m'malo a Stavropol Territory, Kuban, m'chigawo cha Rostov ndi Voronezh. M'misewu yomwe mbozi zambiri zimasamukira kumunda wina kupita kumunda kufunafuna malo oti adye, magalimoto amatha kulowa mu skid. Kuphatikiza apo, dera la Stavropol chaka chino silili ndi vuto la thonje - mbozi zake zazikulu zokulirapo zala chala chaka chatha zidavulaza soya, chimanga, kulowa mkati mwa cob, ngakhale minda yamphesa. Zomwe zimachitika ndi nsangalabwi zam'madzi zachepa mu 2020, pomwe zaka zaposachedwa zawonongera kwambiri minda yakumwera komanso minda yatauni - mwachitsanzo, ku Sochi.
"Zinthu zomwe zachitika ndi tizilombo tambiri zasintha: nyengo ndi zina zomwe sizikuyenera kuyesedwa ndi asayansi - koma ndikuganiza kuti ndi momwe zinali kukhalira - zapangitsa kuti tizirombo tambiri tosowa chaka chino tichitepo kanthu. Sindimapatula kuti anthu awo akanatha kuchepa chifukwa cha njira zoteteza, - a Dmitry Belov amakhulupirira. "Komabe, nthawi zonse, nyengo ikupitabe kusintha, ndipo tidzakhala ndi mavuto enanso ambiri. Chovuta m'makampani monga athu ndikupanga teknoloji yoteteza mbewu ndikupereka zida zatsopano zodulira. "
Zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi atolankhani a kampaniyi "Ogasiti"