Akatswiri a University of Texas apanga dothi latsopano lomwe limatha kuyamwa madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga ndikugawa ku zomera. Dothi latsopanoli likhoza kukulitsa mapu a minda padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi University of Texas, zithanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi aulimi panthawi yachilala chomwe chikukulirakulira.
"Dongosolo lothirira madzi am'mlengalenga" lopangidwa ndi mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito ma gels omwe amayamwa kwambiri chinyezi kuti atenge madzi kuchokera mumlengalenga. Dothi likatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwina, gel osakaniza amatulutsa madzi, kuwapangitsa kupezeka kwa zomera. Pamene nthaka ikugawira madzi, ena amatulutsidwanso mumpweya, kuonjezera chinyontho ndi kupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupitiriza kukolola.
"Kutha kulima modziyimira pawokha m'madera omwe kuli kovuta kumanga ulimi wothirira ndi magetsi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti amasule zokolola kuchokera kuzinthu zovuta zopezera madzi chifukwa zida zikuchepa," adatero Guihua Yu, pulofesa wothandizira wa sayansi yazinthu ku Walker University. Dipatimenti ya Mechanical Engineering.
Galamu iliyonse ya dothi imatha kutulutsa pafupifupi magalamu 3-4 amadzi. Malinga ndi mbewu, pafupifupi 0,1 mpaka 1 kg ya nthaka imatha kupereka madzi okwanira kuthirira pafupifupi sikweya mita imodzi ya minda, akatswiriwo akutero.
Ma gel osakaniza m’nthaka amatunga madzi mumpweya nthawi yozizirira komanso yamvula usiku. Kutentha kwadzuwa masana kumapangitsa ma gels okhala ndi madzi kuti atulutse zomwe zili m'nthaka.
Gulu la ochita kafukufuku linachita zoyesera padenga la nyumba ya Cockrell Engineering Training Center ku UT Austin kuyesa nthaka. Iwo adapeza kuti nthaka ya hydrogel imatha kusunga madzi bwino kuposa yamchenga m'malo owuma ndipo imafunikira madzi ochepa kuti kulima mbewu.
Pakuyesa kwa milungu inayi, gululo lidapeza kuti nthaka idasunga pafupifupi 40% yamadzi ake. M'malo mwake, 20% yokha yamadzi imakhalabe m'nthaka yamchenga pakatha sabata.
Pakuyesa kwina, gulu la ochita kafukufuku linabzala radishes m’nthaka yamitundu yonse iwiri. Zomera zonse m'nthaka ya hydrogel zidapulumuka kwa masiku 14 popanda kuthirira. Radishi mu dothi lamchenga ankathiriridwa kangapo m'masiku anayi oyambirira a kuyesa. Palibe radishes m'nthaka yamchenga yomwe idapulumuka patatha masiku awiri kuchokera nthawi yothirira.
"Nthaka yambiri imakhala yabwino kuti zomera zikule," adatero Fei Zhao, wofufuza za PhD m'gulu la kafukufuku wa Yu, yemwe adatsogolera kafukufukuyu pamodzi ndi Xinyi Zhou ndi Panpan Zhang. "Cholepheretsa chachikulu ndi madzi, ndiye tinkafuna kupanga nthaka yomwe imatha kutolera madzi mumlengalenga wozungulira."
Kututa madzi m’nthaka ndiyo njira yaikulu yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito lusoli, ndipo gulu la asayansi lakhala likugwira ntchito imeneyi kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri.