Akatswiri a Expert Analytical Center for Agribusiness AB-Center akonzekera kafukufuku wina wa msika wamakina aulimi "Kusanthula kwa kuitanitsa mbewu, obzala ndi obzala ku Russia mu 2012-2019."
M'munsimu muli mfundo zina za ntchitoyi.
Mphamvu zamakina omwe amatumizidwa ku Russia (obzala, obzala ndi obzala) ku Russia amadziwika ndi:
- Ma voliyumu apamwamba ochokera ku 2012-2014. Chaka cha 2013 chikhoza kusankhidwa makamaka, pamene zoperekera zidafika pachimake m'mbiri yonse yowonera (153 zikwi USD). Ndi mbiri yazomwe tikuwona pano tikutanthauza nthawi kuyambira 299,2 mpaka 2012.
- Kutsika kwa ma voliyumu ochokera kunja mu 2015, pamene, ponena za kutsika kwa ruble, mtengo wa katundu wochokera kunja unatsika kufika pamtengo wocheperako (63 zikwi USD).
- Kubwezeretsanso kwina kwa zinthu mu nthawi ya 2016-2017., komabe, zizindikirozo sizinafikire msinkhu wa 2012-2014.
Kuyambira mu 2018, kutumizidwa kunja kwa mbewu, obzala ndi obzala ku Russia kumakondanso kuchepa. Komabe, ngakhale kuchepa kwa zinthu zochokera kunja, Russia akadali m'modzi mwa otumiza kunja kwambiri obzala mbewu, obzala ndi owonjezera mdziko lapansi (malo a 2 pambuyo pa USA) ndi gawo la 8,3% la mtengo wonse wa katundu wa dziko lapansi (zizindikiro za 2018, AB Center mawerengedwe).
Msika wa mbewu zakunja, obzala ndi obzala ku Russia umadziwikanso ndi:
- Kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kwa zinthu potengera dziko lomwe adachokera. Palibe kudalira momveka bwino pazomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera kudziko lililonse pamsika waku Russia. Komabe, mayiko ogulitsa TOP-7 adapereka 93,9% yazinthu zonse zoperekedwa motengera mtengo (data ya 2018). Mayikowa ndi: Germany, USA, Sweden, Ukraine, Italy, Canada ndi France.
Mu Januwale-Epulo 2019, zotumizira kuchokera ku Ukraine zidachepetsedwa kukhala zochepa. Mayiko ogulitsa TOP-8, omwe adaphatikizapo Turkey ndi China, adatenga 96,6% yazinthu zonse zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja kwamtengo wapatali.
Pakati pa 2017 ndi 2019 Mayiko ena omwe adachokera ndi Mexico, Argentina, Netherlands ndi Austria.
- Kupezeka pamsika kwa osewera ambiri, kuchuluka kwa zogulitsa m'manja mwamakampani angapo. Pazonse, mbewu, obzala ndi owonjezera kuchokera kwa opanga 167 akunja amagulitsidwa ku Russian Federation. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa malonda kumachokera kumagulu ochepa amakampani. Choncho, malinga AB-Center, gawo la TOP-5 nkhani 48,8% ya malonda onse mu mtengo mawu, gawo la TOP-10 - 68,0%, gawo la TOP-20 - 89,3% (malinga ndi zotsatira za 2018).
- Kupezeka kwamitundu yambiri yogawa. Mumsika waku Russia, malinga ndi zotsatira za 2018, zida zamtunduwu zidatumizidwa ndi makampani 237 aku Russia omwe amatumiza kunja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, monga ndi opanga akunja, msika umakhala m'manja mwa owerengeka ochepa chabe. Ogawa TOP-5 amawerengera 43,1% ya zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa pamtengo (2018), TOP-10 — 59,0%, TOP-20 — 76,1%.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makampani ena (onani mapu operekera mu phunziro lonse) akugwira ntchito yogawa zida kuchokera kwa opanga angapo nthawi imodzi.
Author: Alexey Plugov, Ph.D., https://ab-centre.ru/