Zofunikira pamtundu wa mbatata zaku Russia ndi zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja zomwe zimalowa m'mashelefu ndikuperekedwa kuti zisinthidwe zidzayimitsidwa kuyambira pa Julayi 1, 2018. Izi zikuchokera ku mtundu watsopano wa GOST wa mbewu za mizu, zomwe Izvestia adazidziwa. Tanthauzo la "mwatsopano" lasokonekeranso pofotokozera zamasamba. Akatswiri ali otsimikiza kuti kusintha kwa muyezo kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotsika mtengo m'masitolo.
Zofunikira pa mbatata zaku Russia ndi zochokera kunja zikuyimitsidwa. Izi zimaperekedwa ndi kope latsopano la GOST, lopangidwa ndi malo ofufuza "Kubanagrostandart". Olemba chikalatacho amatsogolera komiti yaukadaulo 178 ("Zipatso zatsopano, masamba ndi bowa") ya Rosstandart. Chikalatacho chidzakhala chovomerezeka m'gawo la mayiko a EAEU kuyambira pa Julayi 1, 2018. Rosstandart adatengera zikhalidwe zatsopanozi mu Januware.
Miyezo yapitayi ndi yachikale, bungwe la federal linafotokozera Izvestia. Mu GOST yatsopano, zofunikira za chikhalidwe cha tubers zidawonekera, zomwe sizinalipo kale. Makamaka, mbatata iyenera kukhala yopanda mtundu wobiriwira komanso mawanga a bulauni chifukwa cha kutentha. Koma kuwonongeka pang'ono kumaloledwa ndi wireworm, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa ma tubers.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwa makina kumaloledwa. Mwachitsanzo, kudula ndi kuya kosaposa 4 mm komwe kumachitika panthawi yokumba nthaka. Panalinso zofunika za kukula kwa ware mbatata. Iyenera kudutsa mabowo apakati, magawo awo amadalira nthawi yokolola. Kwa mbatata yoyambirira, chizindikirocho ndi 28x28 mm, pazipita - 80x80 mm. Kwa mbewu yochedwa, dzenje laling'ono ndi 35x35 mm, lalitali ndi 80x80 mm. Pali magawo a elongated mbatata. Iyenera kudutsa dzenje la 30x30 mm, malire apamwamba ndi 75x75 mm.
Zofunikira zatsopano zikutsatira miyezo yaku Europe ya mbatata ware, Kubanagrostandart idatero.
- Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, popeza mbatata imabweretsedwanso ku Russia kuchokera kunja. Makamaka, ochokera ku Egypt ndi China. Ndipo zogulitsa kunja, zikalowa m'dziko lathu, zimafufuzidwanso kuti zigwirizane ndi GOSTs, - zomwe zafotokozedwa ku Kubanagrostandart.
Pafupifupi 2017% ya mbatata zakunja zidaperekedwa kuchokera ku Egypt ndi China mu 50. Nthawi zambiri, zogulitsa kunja zidakwana matani 800. Izi ndi pafupifupi katatu kuposa chaka chapitacho, malinga ndi Federal Customs Service. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa katundu ndi kukolola mochedwa kwa masamba chaka chatha chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa, bungwe la Fruit and Vegetable Union linafotokoza.
Dzina la GOST lasinthanso. Ngati m'kope lapitalo zinkamveka ngati "mbatata yazakudya zatsopano", ndiye kuti mawu oti "mwatsopano" adasowa mu mtundu watsopano. Koma, monga otukula adafotokozera Izvestia, izi sizikutanthauza kuti chinthu chowonongeka chidzagunda mashelufu. Kupatula apo, mawu oti "chakudya" amakhalabe, omwe a priori amatanthauza "zatsopano".
Roskachestvo adawona kuti kukonzanso GOST kwa mbatata ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamsika. Olima masamba amavomereza - zofunikira zolimba zidzachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mbatata zotsika pamashelefu aku Russia.
- Nthawi zambiri timatha kuwona ma tubers obiriwira kapena, mosiyana, akale kale. Kuphatikiza apo, m'nyengo yozizira komanso koyambirira kwa masika, masitolo amalandira mbatata zomwe zaundana m'masitolo amasamba. Zofuna zaubwino nthawi zambiri zimaphwanyidwa ndi ogulitsa zinthu kuchokera kunja. Mulingo watsopano womwe wakhazikitsidwa sungalole izi, "Kirill Lashin, wamkulu wa dipatimenti yowunikira ya Fruit and Vegetable Union, adafotokozera Izvestia.
Malinga ndi Rospotrebnadzor, pafupifupi 80% yazinthu zonse zamasamba zomwe zidachotsedwa pakugulitsa mu 2017 chifukwa chakuphwanya kwabwino zimatumizidwa kunja. Rospotrebnadzor sanapereke zambiri za mbatata pa pempho la Izvestia.
GOST yosinthidwa imakulitsa zofunikira za mbatata zomwe zimalowa m'mashelufu ndi kukonza mbewu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka chifukwa chakuti anthu aku Russia adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwalawa. Malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi, mu 2017 chiwerengerochi chinali 112,6 kg pachaka. Pazaka 10, yakula ndi 4,6 kg ndipo ipitilira kukula m'zaka zikubwerazi.
Source: https://iz.ru