Russia ikutaya mwayi wolowetsa ma fries achi French mumaketeni a chakudya ndipo imadalira kwambiri othandizira aku Europe. Dzikoli lilibe msika wa mbewu zake, kapena zida. M'zaka zikubwerazi, zinthu sizisintha, News.ru idazindikira.
Dziko limataya nkhondo pam mbatata zakunja
Ma fries aku France ndi amodzi mwa zakudya zotchuka kwambiri. Koma gawo lazomwe amapereka kuchokera kwa opanga zoweta kuti azisala kudya ndizochepa. Mu 2014, ntchito yolimbana ndi zigawo zotsutsana, ma unduna ndi mabizinesi omwe anali asanakonzekere kukonza magawo. Chifukwa chake Russia idasowa mwayi wosiya chubu yakunja.
Mapulogalamu oyambilira a Unduna wa Zaulimi adawonekera pomwe kudalira kwadongosolo la tchipisi ndi ma frie kudayamba kuwonekera. Kwazaka makumi ambiri tchuthi, dzikolo lataya ukadaulo muukadaulo wazakudya, kupanga mbewu ndi kuswana, kulima ndi kukonza.
Kuchulukitsa mbewu kuyenera kuyamba ndi njere, adalongosola Alexei Meleshin, wachiwiri kwa director of All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Economy otchedwa Lorch. Ndi mitundu yololera kwambiri yomwe imawonetsetsa kuti malonda akupambana pamsika.
Akuluakulu adakumbukira zamalonda chaka ndi theka zapitazo, pomwe tidazindikira kulephera ndi mbewu zapakhomo za mbatata, tchipisi ndi makeke. Koma munthawi ngati imeneyi, titha kubzala gawo limodzi lokha. Zinthuzo zimafunikira zaka 4-5 kuti tifalitsidwe, pomwe titha kuwaza ma frie, - atero Melyoshin.
Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Russian Federation udakhazikitsa gawo laling'ono la "Kukula kwa kusankha ndi kupanga mbatata" pazaka za 2017 - 2025. Amapangidwa kuti apatse chidwi pamakampani ndikupanga kufanana ndi 2025. Komabe, izi sizikukwanira, katswiriyo analemba.
Poyamba, chithandizo cha boma chinkakhudza chilichonse chomwe chili mu boma la Russia State Record pazokwaniritsa ntchito komwe kumaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale kuti zochuluka zimabweretsa. Zinatitengera zaka pafupifupi zisanu kuti akuluakulu azindikire: pali zinthu zathu, zilipo zathu ndipo, pamapeto pake, ndizinthu zakunja- atero katswiri.
Masiku ano, makampani akunja, makamaka, saloledwa kuchita nawo zisankho mu gawo la Russian Federation, koma nthawi yomweyo, boma silipanga masukulu atsopano kapena mafakitale. Laboratories amawoneka m'mizinda yama sayansi ndi masukulu, koma nthawi ndi zofunikira zimafunikira kuphunzitsa akatswiri.
Tilibe chomera chimodzi cha tuber processing. Chimodzimodzi pakupanga mbewu. Osewera akulu padziko lonse lapansi pamsika ndi achinsinsi. Ndipo bizinesi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi bizinesi- atero Meleshin. - Tikufuna malo ampikisano makampani ngati amenewa. Mu Russian Federation, gawo lino limangiridwanso masiku ano. Ngati tileka kuchirikiza mabungwe aboma, tidzagwa.
Pafupifupi kuswana konse mdziko kumachitika ndi mabungwe aboma, ndipo kwa mabizinesi m'magawo mayeso amakhala ovuta. Kuyambira mu Ogasiti omaliza, amalonda azinsinsi amakakamizidwa kuti alipire ndalama zambiri kuti ayesedwe. Chifukwa chake, m'chigawo Chapakati, njira yofananira ya mbatata imodzi ndi ma ruble 600, mitengo yachulukitsa 100.
Sitichita chilichonse chokha. Opanga ma fries aku Russia akuyenera kuyamba kuyambira pomwe. Tilibe zida. Kugula ku Europe kapena China. Chifukwa chake, tidzakhala m'mbuyo nthawi zonse. Adzagwiritsa ntchito zotsogola kunyumba, ndipo tidzagulitsa chachiwiri. Kuti mitundu yathu igule, tikufunika ndalama za boma pakupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zatsopano. Koma zotsatira zoyambirira zidzakhala zaka 5-10. Ndipo titha kupikisana pamsika wathu mu 8-10- adalemba Meleshin.
Ku kulowererapo kwa zinthu sikofunikira
Malingaliro omwe adapangitsa Russia kukhala "mbatata ya mbatata" akugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano. Chifukwa chake, ngati bizinesi yakunyumba igula zosiyanasiyana ku EU, ndiye kuti sizingapeze zokolola zabwino popanda kuteteza mankhwala kwa zomera ndi makina olimira ochokera mdziko lomwelo kapena kwa omwe amagwirizana nawo. Mwanjira ina, kampani yaku Russia ikagula zida, ogulitsa nthawi zonse amalangiza zawo, mitundu yakomweko ya mbatata yosalala kapena chinthu china chomwe akhala akugwira nawo kwazaka zambiri. Makampani amenewa amapereka chitsimikizo kuti akagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zawo padzakhala zokolola, koma akakula ndi achi Russia, ayi.
Njira ina ikuphatikizapo kugula kwa mbewu zakunja pogwiritsa ntchito chinthu china (chomwe chimatchedwa imvi scheme, pomwe chinthu china chimadutsa pamapepala). Ndipo pamapeto pake, kulima kwa tubers kunja kwa gawo la Russian Federation, ndikuwapatsa ngati akumaloko. Zonsezi zachititsa kuti m'masitolo athu akuluakulu pafupifupi mbatata zonse, ndizachilendo.
Makampani aku Europe ku Russia ali ndi chidwi ndi zachilengedwe kuti apange mitundu yawo. Ndipo zochitika zapakhomo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito popezera chakudya. Monga lamulo, maunyolo azakudya otsogola ndi a ku America kapena ku Europe ndipo, choyambirira, amathandizira othandizira, ndipo chachiwiri, bizinesi yakomweyo siyimadzala mitengo yofunikira ya mbewu. Chifukwa chake, atsogoleri omwe ali mumsika wa mbatata za khrisimu ku Russia PepsiCo ndi Lamb Weston amafuna matani 100-300 kuti ayike kuyesa mwatsatanetsatane. Koma ndingachite bwanji izi, ngati, malinga ndi akatswiri, thandizo la omwe akupanga mbewu zobala kwambiri ku EU ndi € 500 pa hekitala iliyonse, komanso mdziko - ma ruble 1 miliyoni?
Ku Europe, pafupifupi 50% ya mbewu zomwe zatulidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso, ndipo ku Belgium - oposa 80%, akutero Alexey Krasilnikov, Executive Director wa Potato Union.
Kukonza wowuma kumata- wogwirizira adavomera. - Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, mbewu zomwe kale zinkasinthana ndi tirigu, tirigu ndi chimanga. Zowonda mdziko muno lero zimangopangidwa pokhapokha ngati mabizinesi awiri ndi atatu okha. Matani 2 okha ndi omwe amapangira zida zopangira. Pafupifupi matani miliyoni miliyoni amapita ku tchipisi.
Akatswiri akuwona kuti kuwerengetsa pokonza zinthu kumalepheretsedwa ndi zotchinga. Choyamba, iyi ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri womanga, kulumikizana ndi zomangamanga ndi ziphaso.
Mkulu wa malo olemba mbatata ku Perm Research Institute of Agriculture Nikolay Chukhlantsev akuwonetsa zakukula kwazomwe zimachitika mdziko la French fries mdziko muno, ndikuzindikira kutchuka kwa zakudya zachikhalidwe.
Choyambirira, muyenera mwachangu mwachangu kuti akonze izi. Sikuti aliyense ali nazo. Ndipo chachiwiri, bizinesi sipita kukakonza. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimidwa kwa ma fries aku France ku Russian Federation ndi. Itha kukhala yoyesedwa m'dera lililonse nyengo, kukoma kokha ndi kosiyana. Koma masiku ano, malonda oterowo ndi osavuta kugula m'sitolo wamkulu kuposa kukulitsa. Ku Russia, ichi ndi chinthu chapadera kwambiri. Mbewu ndizofunika kwa ife masiku ano. Akufuna kupha zoweta zaku Europe, kenako athanani ndi madera ena- katswiri amadandaula.
Kuyesa kupha ma frie ku Russian Federation
Opanga omwe akuyesera kupanga njira yolumikizirana ku Russia yopanga ma frie amavomereza poyera kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yachilendo ya mbatata. Mwachitsanzo, mwachitsanzo, tikulankhula za "wopanga" wachipembedzo wa Chidatchi. Chobereredwa mu 1990s ku Netherlands, kuyambira 2000s adalembedwa mu mayina a zopambana zosankhidwa mu Russian Federation.
Makampani akunja akugwirizira zofuna zawo, ndipo ngati awona mpikisano, akhoza "kukankha" bizinesi yawo mchigawo chathu. Sadzalola mbewu, azitumiza katundu [wogulitsa], - Meleshin atsimikiza.
Mumalonda, Russia ndiye womaliza kugula, phindu lonse limapita Kumadzulo. M'malo mwake, mtengo wa mbewu zoyambirira ndi zinthu zopangira umaphatikizidwa mu tchipisi ndi batala. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti satenga unyolo wanyumba, ndipo abwerera mpaka omaliza kuti azisunga unyolo wawo. Ndipo ngati katundu wawo sakudutsa ku Europe, adzadutsa Afghanistan, Iran kapena Turkey, akatswiri akumaliza.
Source: https://news.ru/