Msika wa fungicides wa mbatata ku Russia umaimiridwa ndi kukonzekera kosiyanasiyana. Cholinga chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito ndikuteteza zomera ku matenda nthawi yokula, makamaka kuchokera ku vuto lakumapeto ndi alternaria. Komabe, pali tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena omwe amawononga zokolola ndi mbatata zabwino.
Opanga zodzitetezera pazomera akugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezerera ndikupanga mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda, komabe, chilengedwe chimathanso kusintha kutengera chilengedwe - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kusintha, ndipo zinthu zambiri zomwe posachedwapa zimawoneka ngati zothandiza sizingathenso kuwongolera anthu omwe asintha chifukwa cha matenda oopsa mochedwa ndi alternaria. Mamolekyulu atsopano sawonekera pamsika, chifukwa amatenga zaka makumi angapo kuti akule. Ndicho chifukwa chake opanga fungicides amakonda mitundu yosiyanasiyana: zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, pali zinthu yogwira, chitukuko cha kukana amene n`zokayikitsa. Kwenikweni, izi ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito zamtundu wothandizira, zomwe zimakhala ndi zoteteza komanso zodzitetezera ndipo zimakhala ngati njira yotsutsana ndi kukana, yomwe ndiyofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides mobwerezabwereza.
Mankhwala abwino omwe amasankhidwa kuti athane ndi vuto lakumapeto kwa nkhanza ndi Alternaria m'nyengo yokula nthawi zambiri amakhumudwitsa omwe amapanga ulimi: ndi uti womwe ungakhale wabwino - mtundu wodziwika bwino kapena mtengo wotsika wa malonda? Yankho lake ndi lodziwikiratu, makamaka kwa alimi omwe adakumana ndi kuchepa mphamvu kwa mankhwala opangira mankhwalawa mzaka zakukula kwa matendawa. Kuphatikiza pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mankhwala oyambilira amakhala ndi zomata, zowonjezera ndi zina zowonjezera, chifukwa momwe mphamvu yake sidalira nyengo ndi ukadaulo waulimi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pafamu. Ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawa azigwirabe ntchito moyenera kumadera otentha komanso ouma akumwera kwa dzikolo, komanso m'malo ovuta a Siberia, Ural ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo.
Mankhwala a Syngenta amakwaniritsa zofunikira zonsezi. Mitundu yambiri ya fungicides yapangidwa kuti iteteze mbatata kuti isamere isanakolole. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya RIDOMIL® GOLD MC, REVUS® TOP, SHIRLAN® ndi BRAVO® chaka chino tapanganso chinthu chatsopano - RIDOMIL® GOLD R.
Koma musanayambitse chinthu chatsopano, m'pofunika kuzindikira vuto lina pakukula kwa mbatata, komwe kulibe yankho. Bacteriosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana a pectolytic ndipo amachititsa zovuta zambiri kwa olima mbatata.
Mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timayimilidwa ndi mitundu yoposa 100 pokhapokha ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pa mbatata, zazikuluzikulu ndi zowola mphete (mabakiteriya amtunduwu Wachinyamata), perekani chinthu chowola chakumwa cha bakiteriya (Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.) Ndi bakiteriya blackleg (mabakiteriya amtunduwu Pseudomonas, erwinia, Dickey). Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwatsopano kwatsopano, kovuta kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mawonekedwe apadera a kachilombo kawo (mwa njira yolumikizirana kuchokera kuzomera zodwala kupita kuzinthu zathanzi), mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa "mwendo wakuda" wa mbatata wafalikira posachedwa.
Vuto lakuwongolera bacteriosis lagona chifukwa chakuti zimawonongeka mkati mwa chomeracho, ndipo kukonzekera kwa fungicidal sikuchitapo kanthu. Njira zomwe zilipo pakulamulira kwa bacteriosis zimaphatikizira njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza njira za agrotechnical (kasinthasintha wa mbewu, feteleza woyenera, kutsuka kwa masamba, ndi zina zambiri), kulima mbewu (kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoyesedwa ndi zoyesedwa), phytosanitary (kukonza malo osungira zinthu, kuchotsedwa kwa mbeu zomwe zili ndi kachilombo m'munda) ndi mankhwala (okhala ndi kufalikira kwa bacteriosis pogwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa mkuwa). Komabe, zokonzekera zamkuwa pamsika sizothandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi vutoli. Amaperekedwa makamaka ngati ufa wonyowa (SP), womwe umadziwika kwambiri ndi fumbi logwiritsa ntchito, kusungunuka bwino komanso kusachita bwino chifukwa chosowa kutsuka.
Mankhwala atsopano ochokera ku kampani "Syngenta" RIDOMIL® GOLD R ndi fungicide yomwe ili ndi mkuwa yomwe imagwira ntchito polimbana ndi vuto lakumapeto kwa mbatata komanso mbatata alternaria, imakhala ndi zotsatira za bactericidal ndipo ilibe zovuta zomwe zimapezeka munthawi ya mkuwa wokhala ndi SP.
Mankhwala ali zosakaniza awiri yogwira - mefenoxam ndi mkuwa oxychloride. Mefenoxam (metalaxyl-M) imakhudza motsutsana ndi oomycetes, ndiyodalirika kwambiri ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilomboto kuti tithandizire.
Mankhwala a fungicidal ndi bactericidal amkuwa akhala akudziwika kwanthawi yayitali. Mkuwa unayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza chomera m'zaka za zana la XNUMX: mbewu za tirigu zimathandizidwa ndi sulfate yamkuwa.
Monga wothandizira, mkuwa umagwira molimbana ndi magulu onse a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhudza kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - kutuluka kwa kukana kwamkuwa ndizosatheka. Mitundu yamakono yazodzitchinjiriza yazomera imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achitsulo ichi, monga mkuwa sulphate, mkuwa hydroxide ndi copper oxychloride. Komabe, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake enieni ogwiritsira ntchito: sulphate yamkuwa ndi yosagwira (imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi calcium, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala poizoni kwa zomera ndi anthu), mkuwa wa hydroxide uli ndi kusungunuka kochepa kwambiri, ndi mkuwa oxychloride (mankhwala ambiri pamsika) amakhala ndi fumbi lokwera kwambiri, limagwa mosavuta ndipo siligonjera kuti lisuke.
Mankhwala RIDOMIL® GOLD R idapangidwa kuti igonjetse zoperewera izi: ili ndi chinthu chothandiza kwambiri motsutsana ndi oomycetes - mefenoxam, komanso mkuwa, wopangidwa mwanjira yatsopano - granules zosungunuka madzi (WDG). Fomula M (yopangidwa ndi Syngenta) imakupatsani mwayi wopanga zomwe sizingakhale fumbi komanso zotetezeka kwa woyendetsa. Mankhwalawa ali ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu, kukana kutsuka, chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi woyendetsa, ndipo, ndi zotsika za AI poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena, zimakhala bwino kwambiri.
Izi zidakwaniritsidwa kudzera pakukhazikitsa kapangidwe kake. Sizobisika kuti chinthu chomwecho chogwira ntchito, pofotokozedwa munjira zosiyanasiyana, chimagwira mosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochepetsa ululu nthawi zonse amasankhidwa kuposa mankhwala olimba chifukwa amasungunuka mwachangu kwambiri ndikupita komwe kumayambitsa ululu. Mfundo yomweyi pakupanga mkuwa mu RIDOMIL® GOLIDI R: tinthu timene timabalalika kwambiri, motero, timakhala athanzi. Mukukonzekera koyenera, kukula kwa tinthu ndi ma 5-10 ma microns, komanso ku RIDOMIL® GOLIDI R - osaposa 1 micron. Chifukwa chake, mkati mwa masekondi 5 mutayika m'madzi, mankhwalawo asungunuka kwathunthu.
Njira zothetsera mavuto ndizophatikiza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe "timakopana" wina ndi mnzake ndikupanga ma clump. Ndipo mu RIDOMIL® GOLD R tinthu tating'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'ono tomwe timasandulika ka GOLD R kamasandulika kukhala mawonekedwe a colloidal, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chofananacho, motero, amatsutsana (mkati mwa chotengera kuti apange yankho), ndikupanga yankho lolimba. Chifukwa cha izi, zidatheka kuti muchepetse zomwe zili mkuwa, popeza chifukwa chakubalalika kwake, kukonzekera kumafalitsidwa bwino pakati pa chomeracho, ndikulimbana ndikutsuka ndipo kumachita bwino kwambiri ndi mkuwa wocheperako. Mwa njira, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo cha fungicide pazomera, chilengedwe ndi anthu.
Zopindulitsa zazikulu za RIDOMIL® Golide R:
- kuphatikiza zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito imodzi, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mochedwa, Alternaria (mbatata, tomato), peronosporosis (anyezi), mildew ndi anthracnose (mphesa);
- Kupanga kwatsopano kwa mkuwa pamunsi pamunsi kumapereka chitetezo chabwino cha mbewuyo ("yofewa" pa mbewuyo), sichimadziunjikira m'nthaka;
- ali ndi zotsatira zina - kupewa bacteriosis;
- kusungunuka bwino;
- Kulimbana kwambiri - mkuwa wa oxychloride mu kapangidwe ka EDG ndi mankhwala osagwirizana ndi dzuwa, chinyezi, komanso mpweya ndi mpweya woipa mlengalenga.
WOLEMBA® GOLD R imalembetsedwa mu mbewu zosiyanasiyana motsutsana ndi matenda monga late blight ndi alternaria (mbatata, tomato), peronosporosis (anyezi), mildew ndi anthracnose (mphesa).
Pa Ufulu Wotsatsa