Alimi a mbatata aku America azitha kudziwa za kukhalapo kwa matenda matenda asanafike ambiri.
Alimi a mbatata ku Idaho adalandira chida chatsopano chodzitetezera chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa gulu la asayansi ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Idaho.
Gulu lofufuzira, lotsogozedwa ndi James Woodhol, laika zida 14 zosintha zomwe zisonkhanitsira deta kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mlengalenga m'minda ya mbatata ku Snake Valley.
Zipangizozi zimagwira ntchito kuzungulira nthawi yonse ndipo zimapangidwa kuti zizindikire kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mbatata zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa vuto, zowola ndi zina. Mayeso oyamba anali opambana ndipo olemba zachitukuko apitiliza kufufuza mpaka Seputembala, nthawi yamatumbo ku Idaho ikatha.
Malinga ndi olemba, oyeserera atsopanowa amalola kuthamanga kwambiri kuti athe kuwunika momwe mpweya wabwino umapangidwira patoregenic spores poyerekeza ndi matekinoloje omwe alipo.
"Ukadaulo womwewo udakhalapo kwazaka zambiri, koma mwamwambo zimatha kutenga milungu kuti usonkhanitse, kupenda ndi kupereka malipoti," akutero Woodhole. - Pofika nthawiyo, matendawa amakhala atafalikira kwambiri ndipo mlimi sakhala ndi nthawi yochita chilichonse. Titha kupeza zotsatira mwachangu kwambiri - mkati mwa maola 24 - 48. ”
Ngati m'mbuyomu, alimi a mbatata amayembekeza kwa milungu ingapo kuti adziwe zotsatira za mayesowo, pomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kutulutsa zokolola zawo, tsopano atha kudziwa kuti ndi ati omwe ndi pathogen omwe akuwopseza chikhalidwechi ndikuthandizira njira zothanirana ndi mankhwala. Komanso ku Idaho, pakhalapo nthawi pamene alimi anali atatopa ndi chitetezo cha fungicidal, ngakhale kuti matendawa sanazindikire pambuyo pake.
"Ndi chidziwitso cha nthawi yeniyeni, alimi amangogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo pakafunika kutero," akutero Woodhole.
Gawo lotsatira pantchito ya asayansi ndikuti adziwe momwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafalikira. "Kusiyana kwake ndikuti sitikudziwa ngati zotsatira zake zikuyimira gawo ili, kapena chigawochi, kapena ngakhale dera lalikulu," anawonjezera Woodhole. "Kafukufuku wina atipatsa zambiri kuti tidziwe madera omwe angakhudzidwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda."
Kafukufuku wambiri adalipiridwa ndi msika wa mbatata ku Idaho, chifukwa chake ntchitoyo idali pa matenda a mbatata.
Komabe, asayansi akuwonjezera zoyeserera zingapo za mbewu zina zomwe zikuvutika ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chimodzi monga mbatata.
Woodhole anati: "Tinaphunzira za beet pofufuza ngati pali powdery mildew mbewuzo zisanasonyeze zizindikiro." “Tikupanganso kuyesa kuti tipeze fusarium pa anyezi. Mphesa ndi mbewu ina yomwe ingayesedwe poyesa nkhungu. Kugwira ntchito ndi mbewu izi kunali kovuta chifukwa mitengo yomwe idazungulira zokololazo ndikugwiranso ntchito ngati cholumikizira mphepo, mosiyana ndi zomwe zimatseguka kwathunthu kuminda ya mbatata zamphepo.
“Makampani a mbatata a Idaho adathandizira kupititsa ntchitoyi patsogolo, ndipo alimi ndi mapurosesa adapereka $ 80 kuti agule zitsanzo. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa iwo, chifukwa chake mwachilengedwe amakonda kuyika zida zathu m'minda yawo. Tidalandiranso $ 000 kuchokera ku Northwest Potato Research Consortium, yomwe imayimira alimi a mbatata ku Idaho komanso Washington ndi Oregon. Chifukwa chake, titha kuwona kuthekera kokuwonjezereka kwa ntchito m'maiko awa, ndipo ndife okondwa kuchita nawo mgwirizano, "atero a Woodhall.
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