Mavuto omwe akukumana ndi omwe agrarian amakumana nawo chifukwa cha coronacrisis samalumikizidwa osati zofunikira zokha, komanso zolakwika zamayendedwe.
Kukutenga kumatenga malo ambiri pamitengo yamaulimi.
Kuchepa kwa ruble, kuletsa zotsalira chifukwa cha coronavirus ndi zovuta zachilengedwe zagwera gawo la ulimi la Russia. Zadziwika kale kuti chaka cha 2020 chikhala chovuta kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito zaulimi.
Monga kukhudzidwa ndi kugwa kwa ruble
Malinga ndi Oleg Komolov, woyimira masayansi azachuma, pulofesa wothandizira pa University University pansi pa Boma la Russian Federation, pafupifupi magawo onse azachuma ku Russia, kuphatikizapo agribusiness, azavutika ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo.
"Pali chizolowezi chosasangalatsa ngati zinthu ziwiri zikusakanikirana nthawi imodzi: kufunika kumatsika ndi kukwera mtengo. Nthawi yomweyo, kusayenda bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumachitika. Nthawi zambiri chinthu chimodzi chimachitika, koma zonse ziwiri zikasinthana, kusokonekera kumachitika: zinthu zosasangalatsa kwambiri pazachuma. Kubwera kwa kufunikira kumamveka kale ndi ulimi. Ngakhale bizinesi iyi imapanga zinthu zokhala ndi kufunikira kochepa, anthu akuyamba kudzikaniza okha ngakhale zakudya zomwe tsopano amaziona kuti ndizowonjezera. Nthawi yomweyo, mitengo ya opanga ulimi akukulira, chifukwa, ngakhale akunenedwe za kupambana kwa kulowererapo kwa zinthu, ulimi wathu umadalira kwambiri katundu, kuphatikizapo makina, feteleza, mbewu, ndi zina zambiri, ”adatero Komolov.
Igor Abakumov, woimira masayansi azachuma, pulofesa wothandizira paulimi waulimi ku Moscow dzina lake Timiryazev, adakumbukira kuti omwe amapanga zakudya komanso ogulitsa kunja kuno ndi anthu osiyanasiyana. Ndipo ngati kwachiwiri, kutsika kwa ruble ndikukwera mtengo wa dollar ndi kwabwino, koyambirira, mavuto ayamba kumene.
“Kulowetsa kunja kumatenga malo ambiri pamitengo yazogulitsira. Izi ndi, mwachitsanzo, zida zogwiritsira ntchito mathirakitala, kuyambira pamakanda mpaka mapesi ang'onoang'ono amakina oyamwitsa ndi zida zina zotumizidwa kunja. Timagulanso mbewu. Malo oberekera anali a boma, koma popeza boma lidasiya kuwapatsa ndalama, timagula mbewu kumayiko ena. Timagulanso "genetics" kumeneko: nyama zamoyo - amayi omwe adzatiberekere ana a ng'ombe, ana, ana ankhosa, nkhumba. Timagula mazira oberekera atsekwe, nkhuku, abakha. Titha kunena kuti tili ndi zokolola za "msonkhano wa screwdriver". Timasonkhanitsa kuthekera konse kwanzeru padziko lapansi, ndipo zopereka zathu zimakhalabe za anthu ogwira ntchito, ndalama, madzi ndi nthaka. Zogulitsa zonse tsopano zikwera mtengo, ndipo izi zikhudza mtengo wazinthu zomwe zatulutsidwa. Mitengo idzakwera: osati zingapo, zachidziwikire, koma mu bajeti yabanja wamba yaku Russia, mtengo wazakudya upitilira 50%, ”Abakumov amakhulupirira.
Pakadali pano, mitengo yakula osati kunja, komanso mafuta akunja. "Mafuta a dizili anali oposa ma ruble 45 pa toni iliyonse, tsopano akupitilira rubles 46. Chemistry yawuka pamtengo. Magawo ongotayira ndi okwera mtengo. Zina zomwe zidzakhale mitengo chaka chino, sitikudziwa. Koma zonse zimakwera pamtengo, mitengo yake ndi yayikulu, "atero Ivan Bfirit, Purezidenti wa Union of Peasant (Farm) Farms of Omsk Region.
Tcheyamani wa Association of Peasant (Farm) Farms, Cooperatives and Other Small Agriculture Farmers of the Krasnodar Territory Viktor Sergeyev adalankhula za mavuto omwewo. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya masika alimi adasokosera dizilo mu Disembala. Kenako mafuta a dizilo anagulitsidwa pa ruble 45 pa lita. Tsopano mtengo pa malo opangira mafuta ali pansi pa ma ruble 49. Ogulitsa ogulitsa adzakhala, ndithudi, kukhala ndi mtengo wotsika. Kudera lathu, alimi ayamba kupeza mafuta ofunikira ntchito kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni. Mavuto azachuma mdziko lonseli ndi ovuta, koma ndikukhulupirira kuti chifukwa chake kukwera mitengo kwa mafuta osavomerezeka sikungaloledwe, "a Viktor Sergeyev akuti.
Ndani wagunda coronavirus
Ulimi wowonongeka ndi ziletso zokhazokha chifukwa cha coronavirus. "M'madera akumwera kwa Russia, mwachitsanzo, m'dera la Krasnodar Territory, njira zodzipatula kwambiri zidayambikitsidwa, ndipo ambiri opanga alimi adakumana ndi zovuta zoyendera. Kuletsa izi kunadzetsa mavuto owonjezera kwa alimi pakuchita kampeni yofesa. Chilichonse chinali cholinganizidwa bwino, kuti tikwaniritse njira yogwiritsira ntchito makina azolimo, zinali zofunika kuti tizipeza nthawi, ndipo izi zinachulukitsa mtengo ndipo zotsatira zake zinali zokwanira kukwera mitengo yazinthu zopangidwa, ”adatero Oleg Komolov.
Chifukwa cha coronavirus, maunyolo olowera kumunda kupita pagome adawonongeka. Makamaka moyenera zidasokonekera pakati pa opanga okhaokha ndi misika yaying'ono, chifukwa chomaliza chidatsekedwa. Simungathe kugulitsa maski kapena popanda chigoba. Ena adayamba kusinthanitsa ndi intaneti pomwe wogulitsa ndi wogula agwirizana pasadakhale za malonda pa intaneti. Koma pazowonjezeraku anthu angapo obwerekera kapena amateurs osudzulidwa omwe amayendetsa ntchito zawotchi ndi ndalama zambiri, podziwa kuti mutha kupanga ndalama. Kumbali ina, kutayika kwa omwe samatha kugulitsa zomwe nthawi zina kunalibe. Wina akutseka, akuyika shopuyo ndi matabwa, ndipo wina wapereka msonkho wotseka bizinesiyo. Anthu ena alibe nthawi yopeza zofunika pamoyo, chifukwa adalemba ndalama zawo, ndipo sangathe kugulitsa zinthu, ”adatero Igor Abakumov.
"Kukhala pachokhachokha kumayambitsa mgwirizano pakati pa omwe amapanga ndiwo zamasamba oyambirira komanso ogula ochokera kumadera ena. Koma takhazikitsa misika yathu ku Krasnodar Territory, pakali pano tikukambirana ndi unyolo wogulitsa kuti tigulitse mbewu zomwe tidakulira kudzera mwa iwo, "atero mlimi wa zaulimi Viktor Sergeyev.
Kodi boma lidzateteza ku mavuto
Kuyesa kwotsatira kwa anthu akumudzipo kungakhale chilala choloseredwa. Pankhaniyi, funso likubwera: kodi boma lakhala lokonzeka kuthandiza opanga ulimi?
"Ku Krasnodar Territory, akuneneratu za kuchepa kwa tirigu chifukwa cha chisanu mu March. Amakhudzidwanso, makamaka m'mapiri, zipatso zamtunda. M'malo ena, mpaka 70-80% amwalira. Tsopano kuli chilala, osakwanira chinyezi, izi zimapereka mantha atsopano. Association of Peasant Farms ikugwira ntchito ndi mabanki kuti achulukitse ngongole kwa chaka chimodzi, kuteteza minda kuti isawonongedwe ndikuwasunga ntchito, "atero a Victor Sergeyev.
"Kudera la Omsk, sabata yatha matenthedwe + 32 ... + 33 madigiri. Mutha kulingalira tanthauzo la izi nyengo yathu. Chilichonse chopsa, dziko lapansi linalibe chinyontho chokwanira, ndipo anthu anakomoka m'matirakitala. Sitiyembekezera kuti aliyense atithandiza. Koma sitikugwira ntchito tokha. Tikhale ochita malonda pawokha, koma kwenikweni ife tikugwirira ntchito boma, tidyetse dzikolo ... "- atero Ivan Bindowst.
"Thandizo lochokera kuboma limakhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuti mupeze chilala, payenera kukhala gawo lalikulu la omwe akukhudzidwa. Ndipo, mwachitsanzo, ngati ulimi wothirira m'magawo awiri, koma umodzi wokha, ndiye kuti chithunzi chonse cha famu chikuwoneka kuti chikulekerera. Koma ndalama mwanjira inayake zidatsika ndi wachitatu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti antchito amalipiridwa ndalama yachitatu, misonkho yakudziko amalipidwa pang'ono. Kuti athane ndi mavutowa, maubale omwe amalumikizana pakati pa abizinesi okalamba ndi boma pamavuto, mpofunika kuti tisonkhanitse pamodzi agrarian, akuluakulu, asayansi ndikukambirana mavutowa m'njira zonga bizinesi. Koma pomwe zokambirana zikuchitika pamasamba atolankhani okha, ”adatero Igor Abakumov.
"Russia ikudikirira njira zodzithandizira, vuto lalitali, boma lituluka pokhapokha ngati lingachepetse ndalama zambiri, litawononga ndalama ndikuchepetsa miyoyo ya anthu wamba. Izi sizitanthauza mavuto osati azachuma okha, komanso magawo onse azachuma, ”adalosera Oleg Komolov.
Chifukwa cha zovuta za "coronavirus", ulimi chaka chino wakhala ukuchita chidwi ndi anthu. Komabe, kuchepa kwa zokolola ndi kukwera kwa mitengo kudzakumbutsabe anthu aku Russia pankhaniyi.
Dmitry Remizov