Chaka chino, m'chigawo cha Samara, kwa nthawi yoyamba, drone inafesa mahekitala angapo ndi mpiru ndi clover yokoma. Kumeneku kunali kuyesa koyamba kwa mtundu umenewu m’derali. Kulemera kwake kunali 20 kg ndi kulemera pang'ono kwa drone yokha. feduro nthambi zaulimi buku "Vyatka Province".
Drone idakhazikitsidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti iyesedwe ndi gulu la akatswiri omwe adasonkhanitsa alimi, aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira a Samara State Agrarian University.
Chaka chatha, mpunga unafesedwa ku Krasnodar pogwiritsa ntchito drone. Munda wasefukira wokhala ndi malo a 5,7 ha unasankhidwa kuti uyesedwe. Kubzala mpunga ndi manja kunali kosatheka, choncho ndege ya ndege inabwera kudzathandiza alimi. Imatha kuyenda momasuka komanso kugawa mbewu zokhala ndi 35 ndi 50 kg/ha.
M'mayiko akum'mawa kwa Asia (China, Thailand, Japan, South Korea), kufunikira kwa opopera ma drone kukukulirakulira. 70% ya madera omwe amapopedwa ndi ma drones ku China amakhala ndi mpunga, tirigu ndi chimanga ali pamalo achiwiri ndi achitatu. Drones amakonzanso sugar beet, mbatata ndi minda ya zipatso.
Ku Japan, apita patsogolo kwambiri ndipo akugwiritsa ntchito kale ma drones nthawi yofesa - kachiwiri, amafesa makamaka mpunga.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, chidwi cha oimira makampani a agro-industrial m'magalimoto osayendetsedwa ndi ndege chakula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi akatswiri, pofika 2024 kuchuluka kwa msika wapadziko lonse wa drones zaulimi kupitilira $ 1 biliyoni.
Drone imatha kuuluka m'malo akuluakulu m'maola ochepa. Izi zimathandiza akatswiri agronomists kuwunika momwe zomera zilili mu nthawi yeniyeni, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka. Ma Drone okhala ndi kamera yowoneka bwino amathandizira kuzindikira madera omwe akulandila feteleza kapena madzi osakwanira kapena ochulukirapo. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito kamera ya multispectral ndikujambula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwala kwa dzuwa komwe kumawonekera kuchokera pamwamba pa zomera.
Nthawi yomweyo, ma drones amatha kugwira ntchito modziyimira pawokha: woyendetsa amangofunika kukhazikitsa njira ndi chandamale pagawo lowongolera, ndipo drone imangomaliza ntchitoyi. Ma UAV amagwira ntchito pamapu akumunda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangathe kuwuluka kunja kwamunda.
Kufesa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopanda munthu ndi chinthu chatsopano cha drones. Zokhala ndi zida zapadera zofalitsa, zimawulukira m'minda ndikuziponya m'nthaka, pamodzi ndi zakudya.
Paulimi, ma UAV a helikopita yamitundu yambiri kapena "multicopter" ali ndi chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri. Iwo ali angapo ubwino luso:
- kunyamuka koyima ndikutera popanda kukonzekera kwapadera;
- kuwongolera kwakukulu ndi kukhazikika, kupereka kubzala bwino kwambiri;
- ngozi yotsika pamtengo wovomerezeka.
Choyipa chawo chachikulu ndi kunyamula kwawo kochepa komanso nthawi yayitali yowuluka. Komabe, tsopano opanga akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athetse mavutowa ndikupereka zitsanzo zowonjezereka ndi makhalidwe ovomerezeka kwa airseeding.
Njira yofesa kuchokera ku drone nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magawo awiri. Choyamba, mapu olondola amapangidwa kuti adziwe malo abwino kwambiri a mbewu iliyonse. Ndiye kufesa ndondomeko ikuchitika pamodzi chisanadze analenga ndege njira. Ndi ukadaulo uwu, mbewu zokutira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimakutidwa ndi zigawo zapadera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya, kufufuza zinthu, zowongolera kukula, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amathamangitsa tizirombo.
Mapangidwe amitundu ina yofesa amaphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito osati njere zodulira, komanso makapisozi apadera omwe amathandizira kulowa m'nthaka ndikumera. Komanso, makina obzala omwe ali ndi mbeu ya centrifugal ayamba kuyambitsidwa posachedwa.