Marichi 2021 ndi tsiku lokumbukira zaka 10 kukhazikitsidwa kwa Union of Potato and Vegetable Market Participants (yodziwika bwino kuti Potato Union). Za momwe ntchitoyi inayambira, ndi nkhani ziti zomwe Union ikuthetsa tsopano ndi zolinga zomwe zimayesetsa kukwaniritsa, timakambirana ndi Sergey Lupekhin, wapampando wa Union Potato.
Potato Union idakhazikitsidwa mu Marichi 2011. Inali nthawi yovuta kwa alimi a mbatata: yotentha komanso yowonda 2010 yangotha kumene, kuitanitsa mbatata mdziko muno nyengoyo idafika matani 1,5 miliyoni. Chifukwa chiyani ndendende panthawiyi bungwe lamakampani lidawonekera? Mavuto ambiri anaunjikana, ndipo anafunikira kuthetsedwa mwamsanga?
- Poyamba, panthawiyo ku Russia kunali kale nthambi ya olima mbatata, ngakhale analibe udindo - "Potato Club". Pamisonkhano ya kalabu, atsogoleri amakampani otsogola omwe amalima mbatata adakambirana nkhani zapamwamba, koma ndi zopempha zonse ndi malingaliro omwe amayenera kuperekedwa pamwamba, bizinesi iliyonse idakakamizika kufunsira kwa akuluakulu aboma paokha.
Panthaŵiyi, pansi pa Unduna wa Zaulimi wa Chitaganya cha Russia, Bungwe la Public Council linapangidwa kuchokera m’mabungwe anthambi. Olima mbatata ndi masamba analibe bungwe lovomerezeka ngati limeneli. Utsogoleri wa Unduna wa Zaulimi udati ayambe ntchito yokhazikitsa mgwirizano wamakampani. Ochita nawo msika adapeza lingaliro likulonjeza: kwenikweni m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, mapangidwe a oyambitsa adakhazikitsidwa, kutengera mamembala a Potato Club, zikalata zamalamulo zidakonzedwa, ndipo pa Marichi 29, 2011, msonkhano wachigawo wa Union of Potato ndi Ochita nawo Msika wa Zamasamba adachitikira m'chipinda chamsonkhano cha bungwe la Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Russia.
Ntchito yaikulu ya Potato Union ndi kukopa chidwi cha omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamsika, kuthandizira kuthana ndi mavuto omwe alipo m'boma ndi zigawo, ndikupanga mikhalidwe yopititsa patsogolo bizinesi ya mbatata yonse.
Kodi izi zikufotokozedwa bwanji? Akatswiri athu, mwachitsanzo, akutenga nawo mbali pakupanga malingaliro othandizira madera ofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa agro-industrial complex, kuteteza zofuna zamakampani, kuyankha mwachangu zovuta zomwe zikuchitika. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino kunali kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo ya feteleza wa mchere, ndipo Union inali imodzi mwa anthu oyamba kutchula vutoli, anakhala membala wa Gulu Logwira Ntchito pansi pa Unduna wa Zaulimi wa Russian Federation. . Tikukhulupirira kuti mitengo ikhazikika.
Nachi chitsanzo china chaposachedwa: mu Januwale chaka chino, chikalata cha Boma la Russia chokweza mitengo yogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto odziyendetsa okha ndi zida zapadera zopangidwa ndikunja zidasindikizidwa. Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, kuchuluka kwa malipiro ayenera kuwonjezeka, malingana ndi mtundu wa zida, kawiri kapena katatu. Choncho, pafupifupi 15-20% yowonjezera ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa pamtengo wogula wa magalimoto odziyendetsa okha.
Timakhulupirira kuti njira zoterezi ziyenera kulengezedwa ndikuwerengedwa pasadakhale. Kodi zimenezi zikuchitika ndi cholinga chotani panopa? Si chinsinsi kuti pakali pano makina obwezeretsanso sanagwiritsidwe ntchito, zida zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimawola pafupi ndi mpanda: palibe amene amagula, sazitenga kapena kuzibwezeretsanso, ndipo bwino zimangopita. za zinyalala.
Ndi zovuta zotani zomwe Union ikukambirana?
Pozindikira kufunikira kwa chitukuko cha zoweta zapakhomo, Potato Union idatenga nawo gawo mwachindunji pakupanga kagawo kakang'ono kaboma pakupanga kuswana kwa mbatata ndi kupanga mbewu ku Russia. Pakukambitsirana kwa chikalatacho, zinali zotheka "kusintha chidwi" cha ntchito za pulogalamu yaying'ono kuchokera pazowunikira zamabungwe asayansi, omwe amayenera kukhala likulu la ntchito zawo zonse, kuzinthu zabizinesi. Ndi bizinesi yomwe lero imayika ntchito kwa obereketsa, olima mbewu, opanga mankhwala opangira tizilombo omwe akutenga nawo mbali pakukhazikitsa pulogalamuyi. Izi zimawoneka ngati chitsimikizo kuti zinthu zonse zomwe zalandilidwa zidzakhala zofunikira pamsika.
Masiku ano, m'madera angapo a dzikoli, maunyolo apangidwa kale pakati pa mabungwe asayansi obereketsa ndi makampani opanga mbewu. Ndipo posachedwapa, minda ya mbatata idzalandira chipukuta misozi pogula mbewu zamagulu obala kwambiri omwe amapangidwa motsatira njira iyi yothandizira boma pamtengo wochepera 70% wa ndalama zomwe zidachitika.
Potato Union imachita zambiri kukonza kagayidwe ka mbewu za mbatata kuchokera ku Europe ndi mayiko ena padziko lapansi.
Makampani aku Russia amafunikiranso mbatata zoberekedwa kunja, makampani obereketsa akunja komanso olima mbewu ali ndi chidwi ndi msika waku Russia, koma kulinganiza zinthu sikukhala kosavuta kwazaka zambiri.
Rosselkhoznadzor, yomwe imateteza gawo lathu kuzinthu zomwe zingatengedwe ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, yakonzeka kulandira okhawo omwe maiko awo adatha kupereka chidziwitso chonse kuti madera awo olima mbatata alibe zinthu zovulaza. Potato Union imatenga nawo gawo pazokambirana za kuyanjana kwamagulu onse kuti apatse alimi mbewu.
Gawo lofunikira la ntchito ya Potato Union linali kukhazikitsidwa kwa maulalo pakati pa opanga mbatata ndi maunyolo ogulitsa. Kodi tinganene kuti mwapeza chipambano m’zimenezi?
- Union yakhala ikupanga zokambirana ndi malonda kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo timakhulupirira kuti zambiri mwazinthu zingathetsedwe bwino, kuti zipindule.
Potato Union nthawi zonse imayang'anira misonkhano ya oimira maunyolo ogulitsa ndi opanga mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba mkati mwa chiwonetsero cha Golden Autumn ndi malo opangira minda yogwirizana, pomwe maphwando amatha kusinthana zofuna ndi malingaliro, ndipo koposa zonse - kulumikizana.
Zochitika izi ndi chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri komanso zofunidwa pankhani yotsatsa malonda kwa ogula.
Potengera momwe zinthu ziliri pano, misonkhano yapaintaneti yakhala yachikhalidwe, pomwe zovuta zimakambidwa mosapita m'mbali komanso mwachidwi, zidziwitso zimasinthidwa ndi ogulitsa ochokera kudziko lonse lapansi. Zochitika zoterezi zimalola ogulitsa ndi opanga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndikupanga zisankho.
Kodi nkhani ya mbatata yamtundu wachuma, yomwe atolankhani onse amafuula kuyambira chiyambi cha chaka, idzathanso kuthetsa?
- Nkhani yopereka mbatata ku maunyolo ogulitsa chaka chino idakhala yokwezeka. Mosayembekezereka kwa ife, chifukwa panalibe chilichonse chosintha pakuchita kwa Potato Union: tidapereka maunyolo ogulitsa zinthu zatsopano - mbatata yosakanizidwa muukonde kuyambira 2,5 mpaka 5 kg.
M'maukondewo, mbatata zapamwamba (zosavunda, zosawonongeka, zopanda zizindikiro zobiriwira) ziyenera kupakidwa mocheperako kuposa masiku onse (35 mm, osati 55 mm). Chotsatira chake, aliyense adzalandira zomwe akufuna: maunyolo - mankhwala otsika mtengo mumtundu uliwonse, ogula - ufulu wosankha, ndi opanga - mwayi wogulitsa zinthu zomwe poyamba sizikanatha kulowa m'masitolo, chifukwa sizinagwirizane ndi zovomerezeka zogulitsa malonda. .
Ntchitoyi idathandizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi wa Chitaganya cha Russia, koma atolankhani ena adalandira momveka bwino, tidayenera kupereka ndemanga zambiri, kufotokoza kuti mawu oti "gulu lazachuma" alibe chochita ndi zinthu zopanda pake. Ndizodabwitsa kuti lingaliro ili lalandira malingaliro oipa, chifukwa kuwuluka mu ndege mu "kalasi yachuma" sikuvutitsa aliyense.
Komano, tisaiwale kuti chiwerengero cha kutchulidwa kwa mtundu wa Potato Soyuz ndi chiwerengero cha mawu otchulidwa ndi akatswiri athu pa intaneti chakula kakhumi kuyambira kumapeto kwa January, zomwe zinachititsa chidwi kwambiri pa vuto la makampani. nyengo yamakono.
Pazaka 10 zapitazi, pakhala pali zochitika zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zasiya mbiri yawo pamakampani. Kodi ndi uti mwa iwo amene mungatchule wofunika kwambiri?
- Zaka 10 si nthawi yayitali yosonyeza zochitika zazikulu. Kusintha kwakukulu kwa ife ndikukula kwa phindu lamakampani. Udindo wandalama wamabizinesi aukadaulo ukukulirakulira, alimi ali ndi chidwi chokulitsa ntchito zawo, kuchulukitsa zogulitsa kunja, kuyika ndalama pakukulitsa kuswana ndi kupanga mbewu, pomanga malo opangira mbatata ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Zitsanzo zowoneka bwino za izi ndi KRiMM Agrofirm, Dmitrovsky Vegetables Agriculture holding, ndi minda ya Avetisyan ndi Putsko.
Ndipo nyengo yotsiriza, malinga ndi Potato Union, ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yopindulitsa pamakampani onse?
- Ngakhale gawo lalikulu la zokolola likadali m'malo osungiramo zinthu za opanga. Ngati mtengo wamtengowo ukupitilira kumapeto kwa nyengo, makampani apanga phindu labwino. Koma pakadali pano, izi ndi zongopeka chabe. Ndikuganiza kuti ambiri amakumbukira bwino nyengo ya 2017/18, pomwe maunyolo ogulitsa adagula mbatata zambiri zaku Egypt kuyambira Disembala, ndipo mwayi wopeza mashelefu udatsekedwa mwachisawawa pazinthu zaku Russia, ngakhale mitengo yawo inali yotsika kwambiri kuposa yochokera kunja. . Kenako alimi ambiri apakhomo anawonongeka kwambiri. Tsopano mbatata zaku Aigupto zikuyambanso kuwonekera pang'onopang'ono m'masitolo osiyanasiyana, ndipo tikuyang'anira momwe zinthu zikuyendera, chifukwa mwayi wobwereza zochitikazo, ngakhale pamlingo wolakwika, ulipo.
Posachedwapa, Potato Union yakhala ikuchita nawo zikondwerero za gastro, mawonetsero ophikira, ndi zina zotero. Ku Russia, kodi nthawi yafika kale pamene kuli kofunikira kufalitsa mankhwala omwe amatchedwa "mkate wachiwiri"?
- Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti atolankhani sachita izi nkomwe. Mbatata ndi chinthu chapadera, chosangalatsa, mutha kuyankhula za izo kosatha, ndipo chidziwitsochi ndi chothandiza pa thanzi la owerenga. Mwachitsanzo, kodi mukudziwa kuti mbatata yaing'ono iyenera kuphikidwa (yophika bwino kapena yophikidwa) ndikudyedwa ndi peel, chifukwa imakhala ndi ulusi wopatsa thanzi, womwe umathandizira chimbudzi, komanso kuchuluka kwa vitamini C, komwe kumachepetsa chilakolako cha chakudya. maswiti?
Mbatata sizikutaya kutchuka ku Russia, koma ziwonetsero zimathandizira kuziyang'ana mwatsopano, kumvetsetsa kuti sizinthu zachikhalidwe zokhazokha zapadziko lonse (ngakhale sititopa nazo konse, "Herring". pansi pa chovala cha ubweya "chikondwerero ndi chitsimikizo cha izi), osati chikhalidwe cha mbiri yakale, ndi zinthu zamakono zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi lingaliro la kudya bwino, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimatha kukongoletsa tebulo lachikondwerero (ndipo ngakhale zodabwitsa ndi exoticism: kumbukirani kuti mitundu yokhala ndi peel yamitundu ndi zamkati imapezeka pamsika), komanso menyu yatsiku ndi tsiku.
Tiyerekeze kuti padutsa zaka 10. Ndi zotsatila zotani zomwe makampani akuyenera kukwaniritsa pofika pano?
- Chinthu choyamba pa mndandanda wa zomwe zapindula chiyenera kukhala: Russia imadzidalira yokha mumbewu ya mbatata; kuzungulira konse kwa kupanga kwake, kuphatikiza mitundu yodziwika bwino yamitundu ina yakunja, imakhazikika m'malo mwaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri.
Pali mpikisano waulere pamsika wamitundu yamitundu yonse yaku Russia ndi yakunja, alimi ayenera kusankha mwaufulu zomwe zimawasangalatsa, poganizira zamalonda azinthu, kukana matenda, zokolola, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikuganiza kuti m'zaka 10, mabizinesi atsopano opanga mbatata wowuma, omwe akufunika m'mafakitale ambiri apakhomo, adzakhazikitsidwa kale mdziko muno.
Mwachidziwikire, kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndi mbatata zapa tebulo zidzachulukitsidwa kwambiri. Pali ma niches a izi. Misika yofunika kwambiri kwa ife ndi mayiko a Central Asia ndi Caucasus, kumene zokolola zapakhomo sizidzakwaniritsa zosowa chifukwa cha nyengo.
Tikuyembekezanso kuti ndalama zomwe amapeza m'mafamu olima mbatata zidzaphatikizidwanso pakukula kwa zomangamanga zakumidzi, ndipo alimi azipuma kumidzi.
Chabwino, kadyedwe ka mbatata ndi zopangira zake pa munthu aliyense, tikukhulupirira, zidzakula nthawi imodzi ndi theka. Nthawi ina ndinapeza chithunzi chodabwitsa cha nthawi ya Soviet ndi mawu akuti: "Msuzi wa kabichi ndi borscht mukufunikira masamba ambiri!"
Ndipo ndikufuna kutsindika kuti Potato Union ndi, choyamba, ogwirizana, otenga nawo mbali. Chifukwa cha ntchito yathu yogwirizana, makampaniwa akukhala ogwirizana kwambiri, ulamuliro wa Union ndi mamembala ake akukula. Chaka chilichonse liwu la mafakitale limakhala lolimba kwambiri. Ndikuthokoza aliyense amene amandikhulupirira Potato Union.