Msika wowuma masiku ano ukulonjeza osati kwa osewera omwe alipo, komanso kwa omwe angakhale nawo ndalama.
Padziko lonse lapansi, kumwa kwapachaka kwa wowuma wamba akuti ndi matani 35 miliyoni, ma syrups (kuphatikiza HFS) - matani 50 miliyoni, matani osinthidwa - matani 10 miliyoni. Magwero akuluakulu ochotsa wowuma amakhalabe mbewu zinayi zaulimi: chimanga, tirigu, chinangwa ndi mbatata.
Msika waku Russia wazogulitsa zingapo monga zowuma zakomwe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya molasses ndi ma syrups a glucose-fructose ndiwokhazikika. Onse mu 2016 ndi 2017, kuchuluka kwa wowuma mbadwa kunali pafupifupi matani 230, manyuchi wowuma - matani 499 ndi GFS - pafupifupi matani 165.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kupanga masitayesi osinthidwa kukuwonjezeka. Mu 2017, adapangidwa matani 20,5, ndipo kwa miyezi 9 ya chaka chino kale matani 27. Komanso, popeza wowuma chomera "Gulkevichsky" wayamba kupanga maltodextrin apamwamba ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, posachedwapa tidzaona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chizindikiro ichi.
M'mayiko a EU, chitsogozo chachikulu cha chitukuko cha mafakitale ndi zakudya zogwira ntchito, njira zopangira udzu, kusunga mphamvu ndi kubwezeretsanso zachilengedwe. Kum'maŵa kwa Ulaya, pali chidwi chochuluka pakupanga zinthu zopangira sitachi ndikuyika ndalama pamizere yatsopano yopangira.
Mwambiri, potengera malo, zochitika zina zingapo zitha kudziwika ndi dziko. Mayiko a ku Asia akupitirizabe kumanga madera olimidwa chinangwa komanso mphamvu yokonza. Ku North America, msika wokhazikika, wokhazikika wokhala ndi osewera akulu watulukira kale. Pakati pa mayiko aku Latin America, Brazil ndiye osewera omwe akukula mwachangu kwambiri. Africa ikungopangabe msika, koma ngakhale kuti bizinesi ili ndi mphamvu zambiri, zoopsa zandale m'derali ndizowonjezereka.
Kulonjeza niches
Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yazinthu zitha kupangidwa kuchokera kumbewu. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pokonza wowuma, pafupifupi zosakaniza 70 za chakudya zimatha kupezeka. Komanso ma amino ndi ma organic acid, zopangidwa ndi zinthu: gluten / gluten, zakudya zopangira.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti niches yodalirika kwambiri yopangira wowuma ku Russia imakhala. Mabizinesi ayamba kale kugwira ntchito bwino ndikukulitsa luso lawo, kapena akutumizidwa posachedwa.
Komabe, musaiwale za magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe amalonjeza pamsika, mwachitsanzo, kupanga zakudya zosinthidwa zowuma E-1412, E-1422 ndi ena. Msika wa aliyense siukulu mokwanira, koma pazophatikiza zake ndizovuta komanso zopindulitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikika kwachuma kwabizinesi sikungodalira kupanga chinthu chachikulu, komanso mtundu wazinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito zopangira zopangira zozama zaulimi kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi zoopsa zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Makampani oyambira sayenera kuyiwala kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira boma zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, kutenga nawo mbali muzopereka pansi pa Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation No. 1312 - kulipira ndalama za R & D monga gawo la ntchito yogulitsa ndalama.
Zidzakhalanso zothandiza kulowa mgulu la mafakitale, kapena kupanga gulu ndikuchita nawo mpikisano molingana ndi Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation No. 41 - kulipira gawo la ndalama (kuphatikizapo R & D, certification, training) mkati chimango cha ma projekiti ophatikizana ndi mamembala amagulu. Kupanga paki yamakampani (mafakitale) molingana ndi Lamulo la Boma la Russian Federation No. 1119 - kubweza ndalama zothandizira komanso zoyendera.
Kupanga wowuma wa mbatata ku Europe
Atsogoleri aku Europe pakupanga wowuma wa mbatata - Sweden, Netherlands, Germany. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito yolima ndi kusunga mbatata m'maikowa ndikwambiri, kotero boma likuyesera kuthandiza ndikulimbikitsa opanga ku Europe.
Mwachitsanzo, minda ya mbatata ndi ma cooperative ndi eni ake mufakitale yokonza. Ndiye kuti, makampani ali ndi chidwi chogulitsa zinthu zomaliza za wowuma ndi zotumphukira zake. Komanso, makampaniwa ali ndi ntchito zapadera za agronomic zomwe zimawapatsa mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri zopangira mbatata zokhala ndi wowuma osachepera 20% ndipo nthawi zambiri amalangiza za kulima kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, opanga mbatata amalandira ngongole zogulira mbewu, feteleza ndi mafuta ndi mafuta, zomwe zimayikidwa mu mgwirizano wamtsogolo.
Choncho, makampani kuchepetsa mtengo wa kukula mbatata. Phindu la mabizinesi ndi lokhazikika, chifukwa zokolola ndizambiri, ndipo wowuma mu mbatata amafika 25%. Nthawi yomweyo, kudya kwa mbatata pa tani 1 ya wowuma kumachepetsedwa mpaka matani 4,5, ndipo mtengo wake wamagetsi umachepetsedwa.
Poyerekeza ndi zakudya zina zakubadwa, wowuma wa mbatata ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa komanso amakhala ndi mchere wambiri. Mphamvu ya 100 g ya wowuma mbatata (mu kcal / kJ) - 299/1251 (poyerekeza, wowuma wa chimanga - 329/1377). Wowuma wa mbatata amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazakudya (92,6%), ndipo amabwera ngakhale kugulitsa (49,4%). Wowuma wa mbatata ndi gawo la soseji (18,2%) ndi jelly wa zipatso ndi mabulosi (12,3%).
Pazantchito zaukadaulo, makampani opanga mapepala (3,7%), mafakitale apadera osiyanasiyana (1,6%), ndi kupanga dextrin (1%) sangachite popanda wowuma wa mbatata. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, wowuma wa mbatata amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiritsi ndi ufa.
Pali makampani angapo pakati pa omwe amapanga wowuma wa mbatata ku European Union. Mgwirizano wa alimi a mbatata AVEBE (1919) ndiye mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse lapansi pakupanga wowuma wa mbatata, ndikugulitsa kwa € 560 miliyoni ndi phindu lalikulu la € 11,8 miliyoni mu 2014. Mgwirizano wa alimi a mbatata KMC KARTOFFELMELCENTRALEN (1933) amapereka malonda a 127 miliyoni € ndi phindu lonse la 18,8 miliyoni € mu 2014. Kampani yabizinesi ya EMSLAND GROUP (1928) imatseka atatu apamwamba, omwe amapanga kwambiri mbatata wowuma ku Germany ndikugulitsa kwa € 520 miliyoni mu 2014.
Kodi chikulepheretsa mabizinesi aku Russia chiyani?
Pakadali pano, opanga mbatata aku Russia ali kumbuyo kwambiri kumakampani aku Europe. Ndipo pali zifukwa zokwanira. Uku ndi kusowa kwa ogwira ntchito oyenerera komanso kusowa kwa zomangamanga zofunikira zopangira, kusowa kwa ndalama zobwerekedwa kuchokera ku mabungwe angongole, gawo lofooka laukadaulo, unyolo wamtengo wapatali, luso lofooka lazamalonda komanso kusokoneza mitengo kwa osewera padziko lonse lapansi, zoopsa zamabizinesi ndi zina zambiri. .
Masiku ano, nthawi yobwezera ndalama zopangira ku Russia ndi zaka 10, ndalama zochepa pankhaniyi zimachokera ku ma ruble 15 biliyoni. Tsoka ilo, ndi anthu ochepa omwe ali okonzeka kuyika "ndalama zazitali" zotere paulimi.
Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, chifukwa cha zilango ndi mavuto ena azachuma, msika wakhala ukuyang'ana kwambiri opanga zapakhomo. Kodi uwu si mwayi wodziwonetsera nokha pomwe palibe mpikisano ndikutayidwa kuchokera kumakampani akunja? Nthawi idzanena momwe msika wapakhomo udzakhalira, koma zochitika zabwino komanso kuwonjezeka kwazinthu zopanga m'zaka zaposachedwa siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Source: https://agrovesti.net