Chifukwa cha nyengo youma m'madera ambiri aulimi ku Russia nyengo yatha, zokolola za mbatata, kaloti ndi beets zinali zochepa. Zogulitsa kunja zidatenga malo pamashelefu, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mitengo ya "borscht set" ikweze kwambiri. Mtengo wake unayamba kutsika pomwe magulu atsopano azinthu zapakhomo adalowa pamsika. Akatswiri ochokera ku kampani ya Avgust, wopanga wamkulu waku Russia wopanga zinthu zoteteza zomera, adatiuza zoopsa zomwe alimi ali nazo kuti ateteze mbewu zamasamba ku 2021.
Mbatata. "Pakadali pano timadya mbatata zoyamba zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku Egypt, Pakistan, ndi Israel. Mbatata zaku Iran zidawonjezeredwa kwa izo, zomwe zimabzalidwa m'malo othirira 50%. Zimabwera pamsika panthawi yomwe zimatha kupikisana pamitengo ndi mbatata zomwe zimapangidwa ku Russia, koma zidadutsa nthawi yosungirako, akufotokoza Dmitry Belov, wamkulu wa dipatimenti yopanga zinthu zamakampani a Avgust. "Kuphatikiza apo, imaposa mbatata zakunyumba mu zizindikiro za organoleptic, zomwe zagona m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu kwa miyezi ingapo. Kutsatira "kunja kwa nyanja" ndi mbatata zochokera ku Southern Federal District, komanso "pafupifupi mbadwa" zaku Azerbaijan. Mitengo ya mbatata yoyambirira nthawi zonse imakhala yofunika kwambiri: mwachitsanzo, kugula kwa chaka chino kudayamba pa ma ruble 20 pa kilogalamu imodzi, kenako, kutengera mtundu wa ma tubers, adayamba kutsika mpaka ma ruble XNUMX.
Kulowetsa ndikofunikirabe, popeza Russia idakolola mbatata yaying'ono mu 2020 - malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi, matani 19,5 miliyoni (poyerekeza matani 22,1 miliyoni mu 2019). Chifukwa chake chinali nyengo zonse komanso kuchepa kwa malo omwe mbewuzo zimamera. Ndipo izi, zinali zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa msika mu 2019, pomwe, chifukwa chakuchulukira kwa mbatata komanso mitengo yotsika kwa iwo, ogula samamva kusinthasintha kwamitengo. Udindo wotsimikizika munjirazi umaseweredwa ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zosungirako pakati pa opanga, zomwe siziwalola kuti azitha kupereka msika waku Russia ndi zinthu zapakhomo zapamwamba mokhazikika komanso popanda zoopsa.
Mu 2021, kubzala mbatata kudachedwa m'magawo ambiri, zomwe zidakwezanso mtengo wamitundu yoyambirira. M'chigawo chachikulu chakukula kwa mbatata ku Central Federal District - Moscow, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, zigawo za Bryansk - mbewuyo tsopano yatsala pang'ono kukula pafupifupi sabata imodzi kapena iwiri. "Mbatatizi zomwe zidafesedwa molawirira zimamveka bwino, koma mbatata zina zomwe zidachedwerako zidakumana ndi vuto la kutentha, nyengo yotentha mbande ikafika pamtunda wotentha, imapindika osafika pamwamba," akutero Dmitry Belov. .
Chifukwa chakuchedwa kwa nyengo yakukula komanso nyengo yowuma mu June ndi Julayi 2021, mankhwala ochizira mbatata mochedwa akuchedwa. Nthawi zambiri mbewu zambiri zimawopsezedwa ndi matenda a bakiteriya, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, tayamba kugwira ntchito. Komabe, ambiri, chikhalidwe cha mbewu za mbatata sichimayambitsa nkhawa, akatswiri a August akutero. Chiyembekezo cha mbatata yothiriridwa ndi yabwino kwambiri - zokolola zake pa hekitala iliyonse malinga ndi momwe zilili pano zimatha kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa zokolola zomwe zabzalidwa nthawi zonse.
Beetroot Pakulima beets patebulo, kupeza kwa mankhwala oteteza mankhwala ndi zakudya zamchere kumachita gawo lalikulu. Zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza zidzakhudza mtengo wake. Pakadali pano, mbewu za beet m'dziko lonselo zili bwino. Komabe, zowopsa pozikulitsa ndizofanana ndi za beets za shuga: kuwonongeka kwa nyengo (m'malo ena, mvula yambiri, yomwe imayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu, imatha kuwopseza mbewu, ndi ena, m'malo mwake, chilala), matenda - ramulariasis ndi cercospora, Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi beet weevil, miliri yomwe yachitika chaka chino ku Southern Federal District.
Kaloti. Mbewu imeneyi ikulitsidwa bwino ndi minda yambiri mu 2021, komabe, m'madera angapo, chilala ndi mvula yambiri zasokoneza mbande. M'minda yambiri, kutumphuka kwadothi kwapangidwa, kusokoneza kukula kwa mbande. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa mbewu za kaloti mu 2021 kumatha kuipiraipira chifukwa cha udzu womwe wakula, chifukwa cha mvula m'madera ambiri sikunali kotheka kuchita chithandizo chamankhwala munthawi yake. Chiwopsezo cha kuvunda kwa mizu chidakalipo. Kaloti nthawi zambiri ndi mbewu yotsika mtengo yomwe imakula nyengo yabwino, koma ngati palibe, amapeza zokolola zabwino m'mafamu omwe ali ndi zida zapamwamba zaukadaulo. Ndipo makampani aulimi oterowo amalipira mtengo woyenerera pazogulitsa zawo.
Kabichi Mtengo wa masambawa pakugulitsa nawonso unakula kwambiri mu 2021, koma mpaka pano watsika kwambiri. - chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa kabichi yoyambirira kuchokera kumadera a Caucasus, zomwe zikuchitika popanda kusokonezedwa m'chilimwe chino. Poyerekeza, zinthu zinali zosiyana mu 2020, pomwe, chifukwa cha mliri komanso kusokonekera kwa maunyolo, zinali zosatheka kupereka kabichi watsopano kwa ogula, ndipo nthawi zambiri amangotayidwa. Palibe kuphulika koopsa kwa tizirombo - monga kabichi cutworm, njenjete ya kabichi, njenjete ya kabichi - mu 2021, ngakhale tizilombo timapezeka mwachiwerengero, ndipo mankhwala ochizira amachitidwa mwachizolowezi. Ponena za matenda, mu nyengo ya 2021 kabichi imatha kuonongeka ndi vascular bacteriosis, yomwe imakhala yowopsa kwambiri pagawo la mbewu lomwe limapangidwa kuti lisungidwe m'malo osungiramo zinthu mpaka masika.
Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amazindikira, zomwe zili ndi masamba mu 2021 zitha kukhala zabwinoko kuposa 2020, ndipo mwayi wopeza zokolola zabwinobwino za mbewu zazikulu ndiwokwera kwambiri. Pofika m'dzinja, mitengo yamasamba iyenera kuyandikira zochepa zake: alimi panthawiyi adzayesa kugulitsa zokolola zatsopano, zomwe sizinapangidwe kuti zisungidwe, mwamsanga.
"Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti mbatata ndi kaloti zidzakhala zotchipa kusiyana ndi nthochi ndi malalanje chaka chonse," akutero Dmitry Belov. - Sikuti masamba onse ochokera ku "borscht set" angatchedwe kuti ndi osavuta kukula. Mitengo mwanjira ina iyenera kukhudzidwa ndi kukwera kwa mtengo wa mbewu ndi feteleza mu 2021, komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito m'gawo laulimi, komwe kwachitika, mwa zina, chifukwa choletsa kusamuka kwa anthu pantchito panthawi ya mliri. . Kuonjezera apo, nyengo ikusintha, ndipo potsatira kusokonezeka kwa nyengo, alimi akukumana ndi zovuta zatsopano zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri yolimbana ndi matenda, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zaulimi ndi mtengo wokonzanso zipangizo. Koma tsopano chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimalimbikitsa kuwonjezeka kwamitengo ndi dongosolo la oyimira pakati pazogulitsa zogulitsa. Kukonzekera kophatikizana kwa zokolola ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamlingo wa ntchito za dziko lonse: ndiye kuti mitengo yabwino, zakudya zathanzi za anthu, chitukuko chaulimi, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi madera akumidzi adzatsimikizika. "