Kuswana, monga sayansi ina iliyonse, ndi ntchito yopweteka kwambiri yomwe wochita kafukufuku amakhala nayo moyo wake wonse. Wasayansi waku Russia komanso ku Soviet, wasayansi wakulera wa ku Russia ndi Nikolai Vavilov adatcha kusankha "kusinthika, motsogozedwa ndi kufuna kwa munthu." Ndipo zotsatira za ntchitoyi ndizotsogola zamitundu ndi nyama.
Anna Rybalko, State Prize laureate, wasayansi wa Altai komanso woweta, adauza mtolankhani wa AIF-Altai za kulimbikira kwa obereketsa, za kukwera ndi kugwa kwa malo oyesera zamasamba, pazomwe adapeza.
"Ndiyenera, chifukwa ndingathe!"
Anna Rybalko: M'moyo wanga ndinakumana ndi anthu omwe nthawi zonse ankangondifunafuna.
Elena Chekhova, AIF-Altai: Mwinanso mumaganizira anthu ngati aphunzitsi anu?
- Zachidziwikire. Ndipo pakati pawo - mphunzitsi wanga woyamba, Vorobyova Vera Vasilievna. Adati: "Anya, ndamuyika pano, koma sindingakubetere chifukwa, iwe ungachite bwino." Anandivutitsa kwambiri ndimomwe ndinadziwonetsera kwa moyo wanga wonse kwa ena: Ndiyenera, chifukwa ndingathe! Vera Vasilievna anali mphunzitsi wabwino komanso wodabwitsa. Ndipo chodabwitsa chinachitika atamwalira. Pomwe Vera Vasilyevna adayikidwa, nthawi yomweyo m'manda yaying'ono adatengedwa kumanda. Zikuwoneka kuti, izi zinali zosemphana: makolo kapena abale. Kumanda adafunsa ngati bokosi lake lingayikidwe m'manda a Vera Vasilievna. Pempholi silinakanidwe. Chifukwa chake,, mwachidziwikire, akupitiliza ntchito yake kumeneko.
- Anna Anatolyevna, unalowa bwanji mu sayansi?
- Nditamaliza sukulu, ndinalowa yunivesite yophunzitsa za anthu osakhalitsa. Ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati mpainiya. Ndipo mphunzitsi mu sukulu yolimbitsa ana oganiza bwino. Sindikudziwa kuti muyenera kukhala ndi mtima wolimba mtima bwanji. Wanga sakanakhoza kupirira zomwe zandichitikirazi. Ndinapita ku fakitole. Adagwirako zaka zisanu, adakwatirana, adabereka ana amapasa - mwana wamwamuna ndi mtsikana. Ana nthawi zambiri amadwala. Panalibe aliyense wokhala nawo. Ndidayenera kufunafuna ntchito pafupi ndi nyumba. Ndipo pomwepo adanena kuti othandizira ma labotale amafunikira pamalo oyesera. Kugwira ntchito pano, ndidalowa ku Altai Agricultural Institute. Kenako panali sukulu yomaliza maphunziro ku Moscow, ku All-Union Science Science Institute of Selection and Seed Production of Vegetable Crops. Monga wofufuza, adathana ndi vuto la kufalikira kwa mbewu. Mu 1988 adateteza malingaliro ake. Posakhalitsa adandipempha kuti ndizigwira ntchito yoweta. Kwa zaka 35 pantchito yoyeserera, ndinakwanitsa kutulutsa mitundu 25 ya mbewu zamasamba zosiyanasiyana. Kuswana kokha sikuti ndi ntchito ya munthu m'modzi, koma gulu, motero ntchito yonse idalembedwa.
- Mwachidule, Ndi mitundu ingati yamasamba yomwe idabalidwa ndi ogwira ntchito pasiteshoni?
- Panthawi yomwe stationyo imakhalako, ndipo idapangidwa kale mu 1932, mitundu yopitilira 200 idapangidwa ndi antchito ake asayansi. Malo athu, mitundu yathu idadziwika kale ku Siberia, komanso ku Soviet Union, komanso ku Mongolia, komanso ku Bulgaria, komanso ku Czechoslovakia ...
Vuto lomwe lakumana ndi dziko lathu ndikuti, “kusiya dziko lakale,” timatayanso zabwino zonse zomwe zidalipo, kenako timayamba kumanganso.
Digiri yamaphunziro kudzera calluses
- Kodi zidakhala zochititsa manyazi kwa inu ndi ntchito yanu?
- Ndikukumbukira tsiku loyamba pambuyo pa kukonzanso kotchedwa Pavlovian (kusintha ndalama mu 1991 kochitidwa ndi Prime Minister wa USSR Valentin Pavlov - pafupifupi. Ed.). Wantchito wanga ndi ine tinapita ku Central department Store. Ndimafuna kugula chipewa. Ndimayang'ana: dzulo mtengo wake unali ma ruble 7, ndipo lero - 25 ma ruble. Ndinagula. Nditafika kunyumba, ndidawerengera ndalama ndi zolipira, ndipo ndidapeza chiyembekezo: Ndidaphunzira zaka 40, ndikugwira ntchito, ndikwaniritsa china chake m'moyo wanga, koma zidapezeka kuti sindingathe kudzidyetsa ndekha ndi banja langa! ... Choyipa chachikulu ndikuti izi ndi zasayansi. Ogwira ntchito pasiteshoni akadali. Dokotala wa sayansi amalandira ma ruble okwana 18. Kuphatikiza apo, ayenera kuluka, kukumba, madzi, kusonkhanitsa zipatso ... Koma anthu akugwiritsabe. Motani? Pa changu. Mwa njira, nkhaniyi ikukhudzana ndi chidwi cha asayansi athu. Mwanjira ina, obereketsa ochokera ku France abwera kudzationa. Ulendo wopanga nyumba zobiriwira udapangidwa ndi Nina A. Prokofieva, yemwe panthawiyo anali wachiwiri kwa woyang'anira sayansi. Tangotulutsa kumene mafakitale obiriwira mafilimuwo - panali mavwende, mavwende, phwetekere, tsabola, ndi nkhaka. Alendowo anachita chidwi: "Zatheka bwanji kuti izi zitheke?" Nina Alexandrovna akuti: "Tili ndi gulu la okonda." French: "Ndi chiyani?" Chifukwa chosokonezeka, ananena moona mtima kuti: "Izi ndiye pamene agwira ntchito molimbika ndikupeza ndalama zochepa." A French adawombera m'manja ndikuvomereza: "Mitu yanu ndi zomwe tili nazo."
Ntchito yosankha ndi chiyani? Ili ndiye ntchito yakuthupi yosatha - m'minda, yosungirako. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito pansi, muyenera kutembenuza mabokosi ndi matumba, kuzinyamula, kusanja zipatso zomwe zili. Nthawi ina, nditakolola kabichi, yomwe inali yolemera kwambiri, makilogalamu 15 uliwonse, ndinadandaula ndi mtima wanga. Ndidabwera kwa adotolo. Anaona kuti khadiyo imati ndine wothandizira zasayansi ndipo adapereka lingaliro: "Muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera ambiri." Wokhulupirika adagwira ntchito: wofufuza mu mkanjo woyera ndipo samatukula kalikonse kolemera kuposa cholembera.
About "mwano" ... kutukwana! Chifukwa ngakhale mkati mwa nkhondo station idapulumutsidwa. Nkhondo itatha, idangokhala duwa - chilichonse chinali kutsogolo kwa maso anga. Ndikukumbukira: poyamba panali malo okumbika, zipinda zogona. Kuyambira chapakati pa 60-ies adayamba kumanga nyumba zabwino zambiri antchito aku station. Iwo adapanga positi ya thandizo loyamba, yomwe idali yoperekera zenizeni: malo osamba ochiritsira adatengedwa, ndipo physiotherapy idalandiridwa, ndipo njira zomwe adokotala adapereka. Anamanga cheke. Ngakhale tinali ndi kasupe! Ndipo mitu ya asayansi idakula bwanji. Ogwira nawo ntchito ochokera ku Union konse adabwera kuti adziwe bwino zomwe takumana nazo. Tidali ndi tsamba lokhalo mdziko laomwe amati ndizikhalidwe zosowa. Inali ndi mitundu yoposa 200 ya mankhwala azomera. Ndipo kuyambira 1942, padera pakuphunzira chonde m'nthaka kwachitika ku station. Chofunikira chake ndikuti pansi pa mbewu zamasamba osiyanasiyana feteleza wina umagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso njira yomwe palibe feteleza sogwiritsidwa ntchito konse. Ndipo ikufanizidwa: momwe chonde cha nthaka, zinthu za humus, kapangidwe ka nthaka zimasinthira. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri. Ndipo izi zikadalipobe, wogwira ntchito akupitilizabe. Koma ali penshoni kale.
Carotene ochulukirapo!
- Mwina kulipira kudzathandiza? Ayeneranso kukhala cholimbikitsanso pakupanga zopanga, matekinoloje apanyumba, etc.
- Chifukwa choti kupanga mbewu kwawonongeka, tsopano mitundu yambiri yabwino ndiyovuta kubereka. Pomwe ogwira ntchito aku station akuyesera ndi chidwi chotulutsa. Musalole zochuluka monga kale - mitundu isanu ndi itatu. Koma chaka chatha, mwachitsanzo, iwo adatulutsa njere za Altai Krasa radish, ndipo chaka chino adatulutsa ma radish a White Zephyr, mitundu iwiri yabwino kwambiri ya kaloti Dayan ndi Sonata. Inde, alimi amafunsa izi. Adalemba kale "nthanga zakunja, zomwe zimapangidwa ku Kyrgyzstan ndi Caucasus. Zimachitika kuti wolima amabzala kaloti, ndipo mwadzidzidzi ma amateurs oyera amawoneka pakati pa mbewu za lalanje. Kuchokera kuti? Ndipo izi zikuchitika chifukwa choti madzi akatuluka kumapiri komwe kumera kaloti wamtchire, ndipo mbewu zikagwera paminda yomwe idalimidwa, zimamera, ndipo popeza palibe amene amazisintha, mtunduwo umatayika.
- Chifukwa chiyani mwalandira Mphoto ya Boma?
- Pakupanga mitundu ya kaloti wokhala ndi carotene yambiri. Ngati mu Shantane yemweyo - iyi ndi mitundu yakale, yomwe idadziwika kuyambira 1942 - panali 6 mg% carotene, ndiye kuti tidatha kuwonjezera chiwerengerochi mpaka 10 mg%. Ndipo mitundu yomwe tidapanga tokha - Dayana, Sonata, zomwe carotene adachokera ku 18 mpaka 22 mg%.
- Kodi malo athu angaperekeko mbewu m'derali?
- Ngati mumapanga maziko, inde. Pakalipo akatswiri. Koma ... Pano pali katswiri wa tsabola - Natalya Yuryevna Antipova, ali kale pantchito. Dontho pa dzungu, nkhaka, zukini Vasily G. Vysochin, Doctor of Science, ali ndi zaka 75 zakubadwa. Andreeva Nadezhda Nikolaevna - woweta phwetekere. Ali ndi zaka 65 ...
-Ngakhale kuti mwapuma pantchito, mukugwira nawo ntchito yodziyimira pagulu, kukhala tcheyamani wa khonsolo ya omenyera zakumudzi wanu. Kodi chimakusangalatsani ndi chiyani pamunda uno?
- Mu 2011, antchito apakhomo 130 ndi omenyera nkhondo 11 adakhala m'mudzi mwathu. Tsopano palibe amene akuchita nawo nawo nkhondo, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 70 mwa omwe akuchita ntchito yakumbuyo adatsalira. Komano pali anthu omwe adapatsidwa udindo wokhala ana ankhondo. Kwa iwo, ndikufuna kukonza zokomera maholide - zikwangwani kapena mphatso zazing'ono. Ndipo zimatengera ndalama. Ndipita, chonde. Posachedwa padzakhala mwezi wa munthu wachikulire. Muyenera kupanga china.
- Kodi ndizovuta kukhala okalamba ku Russia?
- Zonse zimatengera mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe a munthu. Wina ndi wazaka 90 samadzimva ngati wokalamba. Ndikukumbukira kuthokoza Anna Ivanovna Dubov pachaka cha 95. Iye anati: "Sindine wolemetsa kwa ana, chifukwa ndakhala ndikucheza ndi nyimbo moyo wanga wonse." Ndipo adayimba. Ndipo adalimbitsa phazi lake. Tsoka ilo, Anna Ivanovna salinso wamoyo.
Kwa nthawi yayitali ndinakumbukira mlandu umodzi. Munali m'nthawi ya Yeltsin. Ndayima pamalo oyimilira basi. Pafupi, agogo akuti: "Chabwino - tili ndi dimba. Nanga anthu osauka amakhala bwanji mumzinda? ” Ndikukhulupirira: bola ngati kuli akazi achikulire ku Russia, dziko lathu silingasweke.
Dossier: Anna Rybalko - Woyankha wa Sayansi ya Zaulimi. Mphotho Yokongoletsa Boma, yokondweretsa Mphoto ya Altai mu gawo la sayansi ndi ukadaulo. Wolemba zofalitsa zopitilira 100 zasayansi.
Source: https://www.nsss-russia.ru/