ZOKHUDZA KWAMBIRI ZOLIMA ZABWINO: MADALITSO OTHANDIZA
Pa Ogasiti 15, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Rogachevo, Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Region, Potato Forum-2018 adachitika, odzipereka pakulonjeza matekinoloje ndi zaluso zazowona zamalonda.
Msonkhanowu udakonzedwa ndi: Doka-Gene Technologies LLC, PhytoEngineering Research Center LLC, Resistom International Laboratory LLC, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry yotchedwa pambuyo Maphunziro a M.M. Shemyakina ndi Yu.A. Ovchinnikova RAS, Mgwirizano wa opanga mbatata "Watsopano Mbatata". Mwambowu udathandizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Russia, Fund for the Promotion of Innovations, Skolkovo Foundation, ndi Russian Science Foundation.
Msonkhanowu udaperekedwa ndi Wothandizira kwa Purezidenti wa Russian Federation A.A. Fursenko, Mlembi wa Council of the Federal Science Science and technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2025 E.K. Nechaeva, General Director wa Innovation Promotion Fund S.G. Polyakov, wophunzira, wachiwiri wa prezidenti wa RAS I.M. Donnik, wophunzira, wamkulu wa Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry ya Russian Academy of Science Science A.G. Gabibov, Wothandizira Nduna ya Maphunziro Apamwamba ndi Sayansi E.V. Zhuravleva, Mtsogoleri wa Office of Programs and Projects of the Russian Science Foundation A.N. Blinov, Wachiwiri kwa RSAU MSHA S.L. Belopukhov, Minister of Agriculture of the Moscow Region A.V. Razin, wamkulu wa chigawo cha Dmitrovsky, E.B. Troshenkova.
Chochitika chapakati pa pulogalamu yamabizinesi pamsonkhanowu chinali msonkhano wasayansi komanso wothandiza "dongosolo la CRISPR-Cas pokonza ma genomes a mbatata ndi mbewu zina", zomwe zidapereka zotsatira zofufuza zoyambira ndi zoyeserera zomwe zimachitika ndi makampani a gulu la DokaGin mothandizana ndi asayansi ochokera ku Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry ya Russian Academy of Sciences ndi Moscow State University mothandizidwa ndi Russian Science Foundation.
Pazokambirana, komanso zochitika zina zazikuluzikulu patsikuli, tifunsa a Pavel Ivanov, wamkulu wa ogulitsa mbatata ndi gulu la ntchito za DokaJin Gulu la Makampani.
- Pavel, ukadaulo wa kusintha kwa majini mu malo olimapo mbatata samakambidwa kawirikawiri, ngakhale mutuwo ndiwofunikira. Mukuganiza bwanji?
- Ku Russia (komanso padziko lonse lapansi), ukadaulo wosintha mwachilengedwe sunafalikire kwambiri, uwu ndi malangizo atsopano. Kwa izo
mdziko lathu, zomwe zakwaniritsidwa mderali zimasamaliridwa mosamalitsa; kwa anthu ambiri, chomera chomwe chakhala chikusinthidwa ma genomic chimasinthidwa, ngakhale izi siziri choncho konse.
Doca - Genetic Technologies yakhala ikusintha kwazaka zoposa zitatu. Alendo pamsonkhanowu amatha kudziwa zomwe asayansi athu akwanitsa popita pamalo omwe amawonetsera kampaniyo, pomwe mbewu za mbatata za Chicago zidaperekedwako, momwe, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CRISPR-Cas wa genome komanso njira yoperekera njira yoperekera zamoyo zomwe Doca - Gene Technologies LLC idapereka »Coilin jini, yomwe idapangitsa kuti zitheke kupeza mbewu zolimbana ndi kachilombo ka Y, komanso kupsinjika kwa osmotic (pakukula mbatata pa dothi lamchere wambiri). Komanso pamalowo kunali kotheka kuyendera mbewu za Chicago zosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wina "wazimitsa" mtundu wa vacuolar invertase, zochepetsedwa zochepetsa shuga ndipo, chifukwa chake, ndi kuchepa kwa acrylamide pakupanga tchipisi.
- Kodi pali zovuta zina ndikukhazikitsa ukadaulo?
- Pali mafunso ambiri.
Poyamba, ngakhale njira ya biosafe yoperekera ma genetic imatengera zomwe tidapanga, ukadaulo wa kusintha kwa CRISPR-Cas palokha siwaku Russia, ndipo osagwiritsa ntchito sayansi koma zolinga zamalonda, chilolezo cha omwe ali ndi copyright chikufunika.
Kachiwiri, mbewu zosinthidwa motere, sizowonedwa ngati transgenic (GMOs), koma mawonekedwe awo mu Russian Federation samakhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo. Malingaliro padziko lapansi amagawidwanso: ku USA mbewu zoterezi sizimayikidwa ngati GMO, ndipo ku EU, posachedwa, ali ndi malingaliro osiyana.
Kuphatikiza apo, njira zina zaumisiri wa CRISPR zikuwonekera kale m'gulu la asayansi, kutengera mphamvu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya RNA kuwongolera ntchito zamtunduwu, komanso pazinthu za peptides kuti azitsogolera njira zomwe zimachitika muzomera.
Ubwino wamakanidwe awa ndiwoti ndiotsika mtengo, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo sangatanthauzidwe ngati GMO. Mwa njira iyi, mosiyana ndi CRISPR-Cas, sayansi yakunyumba ili ndi mwayi weniweni kuti usagwiritse ntchito ukadaulo wamakono, koma kupanga gulu laukadaulo watsopano, wokhala ndi udindo wotsogola.
- Pamsonkhanowu, DokaGin Gulu la Makampani idaperekanso mitundu yake. Kodi obereketsa anu akupita kuti? Zomwe zikufunika pamsika lero?
- Mitundu yonse yomwe timabweretsa kumsika (Carmen, Prime, Flamingo, Indigo, Real) ndi yololera kwambiri, zokolola zake zimakhala 70 t / ha. Chosiyana ndi kusankha kwathu ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamtundu wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana a tubers, maso osaya ndi khungu lowala.
- Msonkhanowu udawonetsedwa pulojekiti yazida zodzitetezera potengera kusokonezedwa ndi RNA. Tiuzeni za izi.
- Mosiyana ndi zomwe biopreparation yolinganiza yochitidwa potengera nyimbo za bacteriophages ndi ma bacteric-antagonists (ndiye kuti, "adani" a mabakiteriya a tizilombo), omwe apangidwa mgulu lathu kwazaka zingapo ndipo adayesedwanso pamakina athu opangira (mbatata zotsukidwa tisananyamule ndikutumiza kumaketoni ogulitsa akuchitiridwa izi), ntchitoyi ikufuna kupanga mbadwo watsopano wa zinthu zachilengedwe zotetezera mbewu za mbatata m'munda kudzera mumankhwala angapo panthawi yokula. Dzina lolondola la sayansi ya mankhwalawa ndi awa: mankhwala opopera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza chomera omwe amachititsa kuti RNA isokonezedwe ndi majeremusi oyambitsa matendawa.
Zowopsa ziwiri zazikuluzikulu kwa alimi zidasankhidwa ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - virus Y ndi mbatata mochedwa choipitsa. Pulojekitiyi ili pa siteji ya R & D. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chisankhochi sichikutsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwa mbeu ya GM.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za komiti yopanga bungweli, chaka chino alendo opitilira 300 adapezeka pamsonkhano wa Mbatata. Tili otsimikiza kuti aliyense wa iwo adalandira zambiri zofunikira, adalimbikitsidwa ndi malingaliro atsopano ndipo adalandira mphamvu mpaka msonkhano wotsatira m'mudzi wa Rogachevo.