Malo: 25 679 sq. M. km
Chiwerengero cha anthu: 1 478 818, pomwe 75,45% ndiomwe amakhala m'mizinda.
Kudera: derali lili pakatikati pa East European Plain. Malire: kumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa - ndi dera la Lipetsk, kumwera chakumadzulo - ndi dera la Oryol, kumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo - ndi dera la Kaluga, kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa - ndi dera la Moscow, kum'mawa - ndi dera la Ryazan ...
Nyengo: kotentha kontinenti, yodziwika ndi nyengo yozizira pang'ono komanso nyengo yotentha. Avereji ya kutentha kwa pachaka imakhala kuyambira +4 mpaka +5 madigiri. Kutentha kwapakati mu Januware kumachokera -9 mpaka -12 madigiri, mu Julayi kuchokera ku +18 mpaka +22 madigiri. Kutalika kwa nyengo ndi kutentha kwabwino ndi masiku 220-225. Mvumbi imagawidwa mofanana m'chigawochi. Ambiri a iwo ali kumpoto chakumadzulo madera (575 mm), ang'onoang'ono - kum'mwera chakum'mawa (470 mm). Gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amvula yonse mderali limalembedwa miyezi yachilimwe, makamaka mu Julayi. Munthawi yopanda chisanu, 70% yamvula yamvula imagwa. Pakutha nyengo yachisanu, kukula kwa chipale chofewa kumafikira 0,3-0,7 m, dothi limazizira mpaka 0,6-0,9 m.
Thandizo: lathyathyathya komanso lamapiri. Mitundu yayikulu ikuluikulu ndi zigwa za mitsinje ndi mitsinje.
Nthaka: soddy-podzolic kumpoto chakumadzulo, dothi la imvi m'chigawo chapakati, lowonongera ndikulemba ma chernozems kumwera.
Dera lokhalamo ulimi: ma mahekitala 1972,9 zikwi. Malo olimapo amakhala 1556,3 ha.
Aka si koyamba kuti zinthu zomwe dera la Tula lakwanitsa kuchita mbatata zikupezeka m'magazini yathu, zomwe sizodabwitsa ayi: dera lino lakhala likulanda siliva pachaka cha chisanu ndi chitatu motsatizana ndi kupanga mbatata ku Russia. Kukula kwapakati pa zokolola zamtunduwu ndi matani 2012, kuchuluka kwa mbatata zolimidwa pachaka kwa mafakitale kumakhala pafupifupi matani 454,5.
Tiyeni tikambirane zotsatira za zaka zitatu zapitazi. Mu 2017, mahekitala 16,2 adagawidwa kuti azilima mbatata za mafakitale m'derali. Zokolola zonse zinakwana matani 518,8. Mu 2018, malo omwe anali pansi pa mbatata anakhalabe pafupifupi ofanana (mahekita 16,0). Koma nyengo idakhala yosakhala yabwino kwambiri nyengo zanyengo: kouma kwambiri, kochepera kotala la kuchuluka kwamiyezi yomwe idagwa. Mabizinesi okhaokha omwe ali ndi zida zothirira ndi omwe adatha kukolola. Zokolola zonse zatsika mpaka matani 431,7.
Chaka chino, malo obzala mbatata akula mpaka 18,2 ha. Pofika pa Okutobala 31, 2019, minda ikuluikulu komanso yaying'ono idapeza matani 555,0 miliyoni.
Kukonzanso
Kukonzanso malo, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono waulimi ndi njira zamatekinoloje, mitundu yopanga zipatso ndi mitundu yochulukirapo, feteleza wogwira ntchito komanso zoteteza chomera, zimadziwika kuti ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti zokolola zazikulupo m'dera la Non-Black Earth Zone.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pakadali pano m'chigawo cha Tula pali mahekitala 20,9 masauzande abwezeretsedwanso, pomwe mahekitala 20,4 zikwi ndi zaulimi. Malo olimilira othirira amakhala m'dera la mahekitala zikwi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, otsekedwa - mahekitala 15,9 zikwi. Kukonzanso kokhutiritsa kwa nthaka kumawonedwa mahekitala 4,5 zikwi, zosakhutiritsa
- ndi mahekitala 6,4 zikwi. Makina obwezeretsa nthaka yothiriridwa ndi awa: 728,30 km otsekedwa ndi 183,9 km yolumikizana otseguka, maiwe - 32, zina
- Magawo 97 Makina obwezeretsanso malo osungidwa ndi awa: 122,7 km ya osonkhanitsa ndi ngalande ndi 264,4 km ya ngalande zotseguka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana - 102 mayunitsi.
Derali lili ndi gawo laling'ono la "Kukula kwa kukonzanso kwa malo olimapo m'dera la Tula munthawi ya 2014-2021". Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za subprogram ndi izi: kupewa kutayidwa kwa nthaka yaulimi kuti ikufalitsidwe ndikukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mitundu yayikulu yakupanga kwa mbewu.
Mu 2019, dera la Tula lidalandila ma ruble 104 580,5 kuchokera ku boma monga gawo la pulogalamu yomwe boma likugwirizana pakukhazikitsa madongosolo azilimo. Ndalama zachigawo za pulogalamuyo zinali ma ruble 38. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zonsezo zinakwana ma ruble 680,5.
Ndalamazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipira ndalama zothandizira opanga ulimi. Ndalama zimaperekedwa kuti zimangire, kumanganso, kukonzanso zida zamagetsi zosungiramo zinthu za anthu wamba komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito payokha komanso nyumba zomwe zimapezeka payokha ndipo zitha kufikira 70% ya mtengo wonse wosonyezedwa pamalingaliro opangidwira (koma osati kwenikweni omwe apangidwira).
KULIMBITSA CHIYEMBEKEZO
Njira yothetsera mavuto kuti achulukitse madera olimidwa ndikuwonjezera zokolola sizingatheke popanda ntchito mwadongosolo kuwonjezera chonde m'nthaka.
Chifukwa cha kufooka kwa dothi m'derali, pazaka zitatu zapitazi, alimi abweza mahekala 135 olimapo malo osalima kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito. Chifukwa chake, dera lidalandira mbiri yakale m'zaka 15.
Koma vutoli lidakalipobe. Malinga ndi Tula Center for Chemicalization and Agricultural Radiology, m'chigawochi kuyambira Januware 1, 2019, mwa mahekitala 731,80 zikuluzikulu za nthaka yolimidwa ndi nthaka yolima, mahekitala 600,80 zikwi ndi acidic, omwe amafunika kuyimitsidwa. Amafuna kuyambitsa mchere ndi feteleza wamafuta, njira zazikulu zotsutsana ndi ma radiation zomwe zimalimbitsa makamaka dothi la acidic ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa potashi.
Mu chaka cha 2019, zochitika zochulukitsa zimachitika pamalo ena mahekitala 30. Mwachitsanzo, m'boma la Chernsky, ntchito yoyenera idakonzedwa ndi Miratorg-Orel (pamalo a mahekitala 2961) ndi makampani a Avangard-Agro-Tula (mahekala 1000).
Kusankha ndi KUGWIRA
Kukulitsa mbatata ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira a Tula Research Institute of Agriculture, nthambi ya Nemchinovka Federal Research Center.
Chaka chilichonse, Dipatimenti Yoyeserera Mbeu Yofukufuku ya Research Institute of Agriculture imawunika mitundu 25-30 ya mbatata ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali, kuphatikizapo kukana zinthu zosokoneza bongo komanso zovuta kuzimvetsa. Bungweli limafalitsa ndi kutulutsa mbewu zapamwamba za mbatata. Chaka chino, ogula amatha kugula mbatata za mitundu ya Udacha, Rosara, Lyubava, Kolobok, Krepysh, Red Scarlett, Bryansk delicacy, Ladoga, Golubizna, Lilac fog, Nakra, Kurazh, Zhigulevsky.
Komanso m'derali muli mafamu ambiri apadera omwe amalima mbatata za mbewu.
Chimodzi mwazikulu kwambiri ndi OOO Bogoroditskiy Alliance. Imakhala pafupifupi 70% ya kuchuluka kwa mbatata zopangidwa mdziko la Tula. Chaka chilichonse, akatswiri amakampaniwo amasankha mosamala mitundu yamtengo wapatali kwambiri, yolonjeza yamitundu yabwino kwambiri yoswana ku Europe. Munthawi yamakampaniyi, kampaniyo imapereka mitundu yazipatso zaku Dutch ndi Germany: Red Sonja, Nandina, Vineta, Koroleva Anna, Bellarosa, Evolution, Artemis, Picasso, Arizona, Damaris, Christel, Paroli.
Kwa zaka zopitilira XNUMX, famu ya Yegorsha yakhala ikugwira ntchito yopanga mbatata. Famuyo imatulutsa mbatata za mitundu ya Meteor, Zhukovsky koyambirira, Luck, Bullfinch, Red Scarlett, Ryabinushka, Aurora, Lugovsky, Blue.
Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri pantchitoyi amachita ntchito yoswana. Famu yosauka "Yegorsha" amatenga nawo gawo mu pulogalamu yaying'ono "Kupititsa patsogolo kuswana kwa mbatata ndikupanga mbewu ku Russian Federation" mothandizidwa ndi Federal Scientific and technical Program for the Development of Agriculture ya 2017-2025. Mutu wa pulojekiti yovutayi ya sayansi ndi ukadaulo ndi "Kupanga ndi kupanga mbewu za mitundu yatsopano ya mpikisano ku Russia ya mbatata pazinthu zosiyanasiyana." Cholinga cha ntchitoyi ndikupanga mitundu ya mbatata yaku Russia yokhala ndi zakudya zowonjezera komanso mawonekedwe omwe angakwaniritse zomwe ogula amafunikira kwambiri.
KUPHUNZITSA
Akatswiri a Mid-level ku dera lino amaphunzitsidwa ndi Tula Agricultural College otchedwa I.S. Efanov ndi Agricultural College "Bogoroditsky" otchedwa I.A. Stebut.
Tula Agricultural College yotchedwa IS Efanov idadziwika kuyambira 1875 (pomwe sukuluyo idatchedwa "Tula Real School"). Tsopano kolejiyo ndi yophunzitsira yaukadaulo yambiri.
Zofunika kwambiri: "Agronomy", "Mechanization of Agricultural", "Electrization and automation of kilimo", "Tekinoloje yopanga ndi kukonza zinthu zaulimi", "Economics and accounting in kilimo", "Operational Logistics", "Commerce ( ndi makampani) "," Lamulo ndi bungwe lachitetezo chamtundu wa anthu "," Kugwira ntchito ndi kukonza makina aulimi ndi zida ", ndi zina zambiri.
Sukulu yaukadaulo imaperekanso maphunziro aukadaulo wamaphunziro ndi maphunziro aukadaulo pantchito zogwirira ntchito (pansi pa pulogalamu "Woyendetsa matakitala oyendetsa makina opanga zaulimi", "Master of kilimo"). Kolejiyo ili ndi ophunzira 890.
Bungwe lochita maphunziro apamwamba la Tula University "College College" Bogoroditsky "lotchedwa I.A. Stebut" lidakhazikitsidwa mu 1898. Kolejiyo imachita maphunziro apaderawa: "Agricultural Mechanization", "Electrification and automation of Agriculture", "Opaleshoni ndi kukonza Machinidwe a Zaulimi ndi Zida", "Chiyanjano cha Dziko", "Chowona Zanyama", "Zootechnics".
Maphunziro apamwamba paulimi atha kupezeka ku Tula State Pedagogical University. Leo Tolstoy. Yunivesiteyo ikuyitanitsa agrarians amtsogolo kuti alowe ku Faculty of Technology ndi Business, malangizo ophunzitsira "Ukadaulo wa Zaulimi" (mbiri ya "technical Systems in Agribusiness").
KUSINTHA
M'chigawo cha Tula, amodzi mwa zigawo zazikulu kwambiri pakupanga mbatata ku Russia, chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa pakukonza njira zowongolera.
Kuyambira 2011, dera lino lakhala likugwiritsa ntchito chomerachi popanga ma mbatata flakes LLC Maxim Gorky Plus. Pogwira ntchito, kampaniyo idachulukitsa kawiri mphamvu zake ndipo lero ikugwira ntchito yayikulu mdziko muno. Chaka chilichonse, mtengowu umatulutsa pafupifupi matani 15 a masamba a mbatata, zinthuzo zimakwaniritsa zofunikira pa chikwangwani cha certification FSSC 000 yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Malinga ndi zotsatira za nyengo yapita (2018-2019), kampaniyo idapanga mbatata yoposa 117, pomwe matani 000 a zinthu zomalizidwa adapeza. Mwezi uliwonse, chomera chimapanga pafupifupi matani zana la zinthu zokhazikitsidwa pansi pa dzina lake "Pyureshka".
Makasitomala amakampani ku Russia ndiopanga zakudya zazikulu: LLC Unilever Rus, LLC Nestle Russia, LLC TPK Biofood, LLC Doshirak Koya, LLC Ruskart ndi ena ambiri. Osachepera 40% ya zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa zimatumizidwa kumayiko ena.
Posachedwa, wolima mbatata wamkulu mderali, famu ya Manuk Avetisyan, akukonzekera kutsegula chomera chake kuti apange mbatata. Mu Juni 2019, ku XXMI St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, mgwirizano womwewo udasainidwa pakati pa Boma la Tula Region ndi wazamalonda aliyense M. Zh. Avetisyan. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama mu ntchitoyi kudzafika ku 1,5 biliyoni.
Kwa 2020, chigawochi chikukonzekera kukhazikitsa chomera chamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri pokonzekera zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbatata ku Miratorg Agribusiness Holding. Kampaniyo, yomwe kuchuluka kwayo kungakhale matani 45 miliyoni pachaka, idzagwira ntchito pazosowa ndi malo ogulitsa. Zowonjezera ndalama zimakhala pafupifupi ma ruble 1,28 biliyoni.
Ntchito yomanga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ikhala gawo la ntchito yolumikizira molima, kuphatikiza mbatata, kaloti, anyezi ndi adyo pamalo opitilira mahekitala 3, komanso kusungiramo ndi kuyika masamba osakanizidwa.
ACHALANDER
Palibe chipilala chopanda mbatata ku Tula pano, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti chikhalidwechi sichimalemekezedwa m'derali. Sangathe popanda mbatata pamasiku a sabata kapena patchuthi. Chifukwa chake, pa City Day, yomwe Tula imakondwerera Loweruka loyamba la Seputembala, kwa zaka zambiri mzere onse alendo atchuthi akutsimikiziridwa kuti azilandira ku mbatata zatsopano.
Chaka chino, nawonso, pa chikondwerero cha gastro cholinganizidwa ndi oyang'anira mzindawu, gawo lalikulu linali, lochitidwa ndi mbatata - yokazinga, yophikidwa ndi zonona, podzaza ma pie ndi maswiti - okoma kwambiri - komanso chifukwa amakulira m'minda yakomweko.