Malo: 60 sq. km
Anthu: Anthu zikwi 643,3, omwe 72,2% amakhala m'mizinda.
Malo: kum'mwera kumalire ndi dera la Ivanovo, kumadzulo - kudera la Yaroslavl, kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi kumpoto - kudera la Vologda, kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kum'mawa - kudera la Kirov, kumwera chakum'mawa - kudera la Nizhny Novgorod.
Nyengo: Kontinenti yotentha, yotentha kwambiri komanso yozizira kwambiri. Kutentha kwapakati mu Januware ndi -12 ° C, mu Julayi + 18 ° C. Mpweya: 550-600 mm pachaka (pazipita - chilimwe). Nyengo yokula ndi masiku 110-140.
Mpumulo: Derali lili pakatikati pa East European Plain. Kumadzulo, kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera kumayambira Galich-Chukhloma Upland. Ma spurs a Northern Gorges, amagwira ntchito ngati madzi amtsinje wa Volga ndi Northern Dvina, amalowa kumpoto chakum'mawa. Madera otsika nawonso amapezeka m'derali: Kostroma, Unzhenskaya ndi Vetluzhskaya.
Nthaka: Sodomu-podzolic, wopepuka komanso wamtundu-wowoneka bwino wopangidwa ndi chachilengedwe chotsika chachilengedwe: 68,4% ya malo olimapo amadziwika ndi anthu ochepa komanso otsika humus. Zinthu zomwe zimalemedwa kwambiri ndi humus ndi 1,9% (zomwe zalembedwa mu pulogalamu ya State ya Kostroma dera) "Kukula kwa zaulimi ndi malonda a zaulimi, zida ndi msika wa chakudya mderali la Kostroma", 2018). Madera ofunikira ndi malo okhala ndi madzi, onyowa, omangidwa ndi miyala. Madothi ena amakhala ndi acidity yayikulu ndipo amafunika kutsika.
Malinga ndi Rosreestr, kuyambira Januware 1, 2019, malo olima ndi mahekitala 1964,5, pomwe malo azolima - ma 859,8ct.43,8 zikwi (597,9%), malo olimapo - mahekitala XNUMX.
Makampani opanga zaulimi m'chigawo cha Kostroma ndi amodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri pachuma. Agriculture ya m'derali imakhazikika pakupanga mbewu ndi kuswana mkaka ndi ng'ombe. Gawo la ziweto zomwe zimachokera ku mafakitale ndi 56%, gawo lokolola mbewu ndi 44%.
Mbatata ndi chikhalidwe chamderali, ngakhale sichofala kwambiri. Komabe, malinga ndi Kostromastat, kudzikwanira kwa mbatata mu 2019 kunali 97%.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti buku lalikulu la mbatata (pafupifupi 87%) limakula m'mafamu a anthu. Koma kuyambira mu 2014, pakhala chiwonjezeko chokhazikika m'derali pansi pa mbatata zogulitsa mafakitale.
Chidwi cha chikhalidwe pakati pa opanga zaulimi chathandizidwa ndi dipatimenti ya Agroindustrial Complex ya Kostroma Region, pofalitsa pulogalamu yoyang'anira dipatimenti ya "Development of Potato Production and processing in Kostroma Region for 2015-2017". Chifukwa cha pulogalamuyi, alimi a mbatata amatha kulandira ndalama kuchokera ku ndalama za m'chigawo kuti zabwezeretsa zina mwa ndalama za ntchito yomanga ndi kukonzanso mbatata zam mbatata, kukonza ndi kukhazikitsa ma bizinesi.
Chuma chonse chimakulanso, ngakhale zaka zingapo zotsatira zomaliza zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zakunja, makamaka nyengo.
Chifukwa chake, 2017 idakhala chaka chovuta, chifukwa chamvula, kampeni yokolola idayamba patatha milungu itatu kuposa masiku onse, zomwe sizingakhudze kuchuluka kwa zokolola. Koma mu 2018, chilengedwe chinali kumbali ya olima mbatata, ndipo adakolola zokolola - matani 38,5 zikwi.
Mitundu yayikulu yomwe idakulidwa m'derali (malinga ndi Potato Union ya Russian Federation, 2018): Meteor, Impala, Ma'am, Zukovsky, Nevsky, Red Scarlett, Luck, Scarb, Pyrol, Gala, Valiza, Vega, Merlot, Kibits, Adret- kuti, Inara, Innovator, Wendy, Volat, Manifesto, Alvara, Safia, Belarusian Vectar, Yanka, Damaris, Zhigulevsky, Breeze, Zoraka, Uladar, Zhuravinka, Lilya Belorussia, Estrella, Dolphin, Molly, Lyubava, Krepysh, Aurora, Zabwino, Buluu, Nakra.
Malinga ndi nthambi ya Kostroma ya FSBI Rosselkhoztsentr, minda 2019 ya m'derali ikugwira nawo ntchito yokolola mbatata ya 66 ya mbatata.
Ena mwa omwe akupanga mbatata m'derali ndi Viva LLC, Zavolzhskoye CJSC (kampaniyi imaphunziranso zamitundu ina ndipo imapanga mbewu yolimbikitsa komanso yopanga bwino monga Jerusalem artichoke), Suschevo LLC, Minsk LLC, ndi Mechta LLC ", Kostroma Potato LLC, Agro-Profi LLC, Susaninsky Nursery LLC, SPK Kolkhoz Rodina.
KUGWIRITSANSO
Dera la Kostroma ndi dera lomwe lingathe kutukula bwino mbewu za mbatata.
Mwa zabwino zomwe titha kuzindikira: nyengo yabwino (mvula yokwanira, nthawi yayitali masana, kutentha kotentha mu chirimwe); maziko ochepa opatsirana, kuperewera kwakukulu.
Udindo wofunikira pakukonzanso mbeu za mbatata zoyambilira m'derali zimayesedwa ndi Kostroma State Agricultural Academy. Laborator of Plant Biotechnology, yomwe imagwira ntchito ku dipatimenti ya zaulimi Chemistry, Biology ndi Plant Protection ya KSAA, imathandizanso kulima mbewu zing'onozing'ono, greenhouse minicubers, komanso kupanga mbatata zambewu za mbadwo woyamba wam'munda, osankhika apamwamba. Zida zambewu zimagulitsidwa mu chuma cha mdera (Susaninsky Nursery LLC, Agro-Profi LLC) kuti zikufalikire, zimatumizidwanso kwa makasitomala ochokera ku zigawo zina za Russia (zolemba zapa: kuchokera ku Arkhangelsk kupita ku Krasnodar). Chaka chilichonse, labotale amatulutsa timabati ting'onoting'ono tokwana 150 ta mitundu ya mbatata ndi yakunja.
Kuyambira chaka cha 2015, labotale yovomerezeka yodziwira matenda a mbatata idayamba kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi nthambi ya FSBI Rosselkhoztsentr ku Kostroma Region, zomwe zidachitika chifukwa choyesetsa kwakukulu ndi woyang'anira nthambi E.N. Shakharova. Kuyambira chaka cha 2018, nthambi iyi yakhala ikuwunikanso zitsanzo za mbatata kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana a Russia malinga ndi kachitidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka nthaka. Mu 2019, nthambi inakonza zopanga ma greenit miners.
Mbatata za mbeu za osankhika zimapangidwa m'derali ndi mabizinesi 13 azaulimi. Ambiri mwa mafamuwa amakhala m'chigawo cha Kostroma, Susaninsky ndi Nerekht.
LLC "nazale la Susaninsky"
Mutu wa chigawo cha Susaninsky - Fedor Fedorovich Puzdrya
Agwira ntchito yolima mbatata kuyambira chaka cha 2012. Ali pamalo abwino kwambiri a phytosanitary zone. Chaka chilichonse, kampaniyo imayesa mitundu ingapo yatsopano ndi zina zazikulu za mbatata (mwachitsanzo, mu 2019, pafupifupi mitundu 100 ndi mitundu yopitilira 50 ya mabungwe oyambira nyumba amalimidwa ndikuphunzira paminda ya Susaninsky Nursery). Kuyambira 2014, akuphatikizidwa ndi Kalata ya mabizinesi okulitsa mbewu a dera la Kostroma mbatata.
Kampaniyo imakhala nthawi zonse imapanga seminare ya akatswiri pamakampani amaulimi apadera kuti athe kusinthana ndi zidziwitso ndikuwunika zotsatira zoyesa.
LLC Agro-Profi
Mtsogoleri Wachigawo cha Kostroma - Sergey Kirillovich Bekin
Kampaniyo idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu ndi: kuyesa kulonjeza mitundu ya mbatata zamatumba osankhidwa ndi akunja; kupanga mbewu ndi mbatata zovunda, komanso masamba. Mu 2014, Agro-Profi LLC idayamba ntchito yayikulu kuti ikonzeke koyambirira ndikuwonjezera mbewu za osankhika (mdera labwino kwambiri m'chigawo cha Nerekht, popeza, malinga ndi zofunikira zomwe zimafunikira pakukula kwa mbewu, kunali kofunikira kupatula kubzala mbewu za mbatata kuchokera pa kubzala chakudya). Kuyambira 2014, akuphatikizidwa ndi Kalata ya mabizinesi okulitsa mbewu a dera la Kostroma mbatata.
Pakati pamapulogalamu aboma omwe alipo, Susaninsky Nursery LLC ndi AgroProfi LLC amalandira chithandizo chabwino, chifukwa chake, oyang'anira zigawo akuyembekeza kuti azisunga mbewu zazitali kwambiri za mbatata m'mabizinesi amenewa.
KUPHUNZITSA
Kuphunzitsa kwa akatswiri apakati pantchito yolima kuderali kumachitika ndi OGBPOE "Galich Agrarian College of Kostroma Region", OGBPOU "Sharya Agrarian College of Kostroma Region", etc.
Mutha kukhala ndi maphunziro apamwamba muulimi ku Kostroma State Agricultural Academy (Kostroma State Agricultural Academy) - sukulu yophunzitsa bajeti ya feduro. Yunivesite imaphunzitsa magawo asanu ndi limodzi: Agribusiness, Architectural and Construction, Veterinary Medicine ndi ziweto, Engineering ndi Technology,
Chuma, Magetsi. Kwa zaka 70 akugwira ntchito, yunivesiteyi yaphunzitsa akatswiri pafupifupi 40.
KUTHANDIZA KWA SAYANSI KWA KUSINTHA KWA TOPOTO
Thandizo la sayansi pakugulitsa mbatata yam'derali limaperekedwa ndi Kostroma State Agricultural Academy ndi Kostroma Research Institute of Agriculture. Mtsogolomo, titha kuyembekezera kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chithandizo chotere, popeza aboma adaganiza zopanga famu ya mbatata yotchedwa A.G. Lorch Federal Research Center (FIC) ya mbatata, yomwe mwa kujowina idzaphatikizanso Kostroma Research Institute of Agriculture paudindo wa nthambi ya FIC ya mbatata.
AH, POTATO, POTATO
Kuyambira 2013, chikondwerero cha zokolola chaka chilichonse chakhala chikuchitika ku Kostroma Region, chikhalidwe chachikulu chomwe, nthawi zonse chimakhala mbatata yokondedwa kwambiri ndi onse. Pulogalamu ya chikondwererochi imaphatikizapo mpikisano wosiyanasiyana (wa mbatata wachilendo kwambiri komanso wamkulu koposa; wopanga kwambiri mbatata;