Alexander Skvortsov, Mtsogoleri wa Dipatimenti ya Mbatata, SumiAgro Russia
Mu 2021, madera ambiri omwe amalima mbatata adakumana ndi kusowa kwa mvula, osalandira zokolola zambiri. Nyengo ino yawonetsanso momveka bwino kuti ndizotheka kuchepetsa kutayika kuchokera ku vagaries zachilengedwe pokhapokha poyambitsa ulimi wothirira.
Poyerekeza ndi mbewu za m'munda, mbewu zomwezo, kukula kwa mbatata kumafuna ndalama zokwera kwambiri pazinthu zonse zaukadaulo - zobzala, feteleza, ndi zina zambiri. Kusintha kwa ulimi wothirira kudzachepetsadi zoopsa ndikuwonjezera zokolola pafupifupi zaka zambiri chifukwa chakukula.
Koma kuyambika kwa ulimi wothirira kudzafuna njira yosamala kwambiri yopangira chitetezo cha zomera kuchokera kumunda. Kungakhale kwanzeru kutaya zokonzekera zomwe sizimalimbana ndi mvula, kotero kuti tisamaganize za kuchuluka kwa zinthu za mancozeb kapena zamkuwa zomwe zidzatsalira pamwamba pa masamba ndi kuchuluka kwake kowaza. Dongosolo loteteza ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwachuma sayenera kukhala ndi "ngati", makamaka popeza pali zinthu zokwanira pamsika zomwe zimakulolani kuchita izi.
Chifukwa chake, njira ina yabwino kwambiri yopangira ma fungicides opangidwa ndi mancozeb (mwa njira, kuyambira 2021 mankhwalawa adaletsedwa m'maiko ambiri aku Europe) akhoza kukhala mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku Japan wopanga zinthu zoteteza zomera SumiAgro - Elektis D.®cholinga kuteteza mbatata ndi mphesa ku choipitsa mochedwa ndi mildew.
Pamtima pa mankhwalawa pali chinthu chatsopano chokhudzana ndi zoxamide. Zoxamide ili ndi kuyanjana kwapadera (kulumikizana) kwa sera zamasamba, zomwe zimapereka kukana kwamvula kwambiri.
Chinthucho sichinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbatata, chimakhala ndi njira yochitira zinthu mosiyana ndi mamolekyu ambiri a fungicidal: imasokoneza ndondomeko ya mitosis mu cell nuclei. Zoxamide imachita pa zoospores pambuyo poyambira kumera kwawo, kuletsa kufalikira kwa machubu okulirapo. Mfundo ina yofunika ndi yakuti molekyulu iyi imasokonezanso mapangidwe a zoospores ku zoosporangia, motero amalepheretsa epiphytoty "mu bud".
Chigawo chachiwiri cha Electis D® - dimethomorph - ndi translaminar chinthu chomwe chimasokoneza kukula kwa makoma a cell a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chimakhala ndi machiritso (ochiritsira). Zonsezi zimapereka kukhudzana-translaminar ntchito ya fungicide Elektis D®, ipangitseni kukhala yofunikira pakuthirira komanso njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira zinthu zomwe zili ndi mancozeb kapena mkuwa. Ndiwonjeza kuti fungicide iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lapansi pazomera zokulirapo - makamaka masamba, monga anyezi (komwe kuyanjana kwa sera zamasamba kumakhala kofunikira kuposa kwina kulikonse), nkhaka komanso letesi.
Ndikuzindikiranso kuti, poganizira za mankhwalawa, mbiri ya mtundu wa SumiKartofel (SumiAgro) imaphatikizapo ma fungicides asanu ndi limodzi, asanu mwa iwo amapangidwa mumadzimadzi, anayi amalimbana ndi kuchapa: kuphatikiza mankhwala okhala ndi machitidwe a Consento.® (fenamidone + propamocarb hydrochloride), contact-translaminar Mixanil® (chlorothalonil + cymoxanil), Ranman®Pamwamba (cyazofamide).
Kulima mbatata pansi pa ulimi wothirira kumakakamiza mafamu kuti akhazikitse zofunikira pachitetezo cha herbicide - ziyenera kukhala zodalirika komanso zanthawi yayitali.
Pachifukwa ichi, ndikupempha kumvetsera zachilendo china cha SumiAgro - mankhwala a herbicide Akebono.®, yopangidwira makamaka msika waku Russia. Zogulitsazo zitha kupezeka kuti zigulidwe kuyambira 2022, koma mpaka pano ndi chilolezo chogwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbewu zogwiriridwa ndi soya (mankhwalawa alandila kulembetsa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa mbatata mu 2023).
Akebono® Ili ndi mawonekedwe ake a clomazone ndi C-metalochlor, omwe amapereka chitetezo ku udzu wapachaka wa dicotyledonous ndi phala (kuphatikiza udzu, gauze, mitundu ya okwera mapiri, nightshade, yomwe imabweretsa mavuto ambiri mukukula mbatata). Onse zigawo zikuluzikulu za herbicide (ndipo koposa zonse clomazone) zili zokwanira zedi kuonetsetsa kulamulira namsongole, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo kuonetsetsa chitetezo mbewu zofesedwa masika lotsatira. Chifukwa chake, SumiAgro imapereka mankhwala atsopano ophera udzu okhala ndi mikhalidwe yonse kuti apange maziko a dongosolo loletsa udzu la mbatata.
Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseni kuti pakadali pano m'mafamu aku Russia, monga lamulo, imodzi mwa njira ziwiri zodzitetezera mbatata zogwiritsa ntchito dothi la dothi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kutengera metribuzin, kapena kutengera prosulfocarb ndi prometrin. Yoyamba si yoyenera kwa aliyense: mitundu yambiri yopangira mafakitale imaletsedwa ndi mankhwalawa, kuwonjezera apo, metribuzin imakhala ndi zotsatirapo pa mbewu zotsatila. Choyipa chachikulu cha chiwembu chachiwiri ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri wamankhwala.
Akebono® ali ndi zofunikira zonse kuti akhale njira yachitatu yodalirika: mankhwalawa alibe zotsatira zoipa pa mitundu yosakhazikika, alibe malire pa kasinthasintha wa kasinthasintha wa mbewu, ndi ndalama. Poyerekeza ndi metribuzin, zigawo za herbicide yaku Japan zimateteza bwino udzu, kuwongolera mitundu ya nightshade ndi okwera mapiri. Makamaka, clomazone imasungidwa bwino ndi dothi la organic ndipo imakhala yosasunthika pakagwa mvula kapena kuthirira kochuluka, imakhalanso ndi theka la moyo wautali, motero, imatenga nthawi yayitali.
Herbicide Akebono® idzakhala chinthu chodalirika pomanga chitetezo cha mbatata ku udzu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira kale.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti mtundu wa SumiKartofel umasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi zinthu zatsopano. Kuwonjezera pa Prestige mtetezi®, fungicides, herbicides ndi zinthu zina zoteteza zomera, zimaphatikizansopo mndandanda wathunthu wazinthu - okonza zakudya zamchere. M'nyengo ya 2022, idzawonjezedwanso kwambiri ndi zinthu zatsopano zomwe zingapangitse kuti zikhale zabwino komanso kusunga khalidwe lazogulitsa zomaliza. Koma uwu ndi mutu wa positi yosiyana.