Sergey Banadysev, Dokotala wa Sayansi ya Zaulimi, Mutu wa pulogalamu yosankhidwa ya SSC "Doka - Genetic Technologies"
Madera a mbatata ku North America akuyembekezeka kugwa kwambiri.
Zinthu zikusintha tsiku ndi tsiku, koma mbatata zomwe zikukula ku Canada ndi United States zitha kugunda kwambiri mu 2020. Kupanga kwa mbatata kumatha kugwa 25-30% chifukwa cha malo odyera otsekedwa, kuchepetsedwa kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zophika za french komanso chifukwa cha COVID-19. Ku North America, oyeretsa amafunsidwa kuti abzale pakati pa 70 ndi 75% ya nthawi zonse, madera ena ochulukirapo ndi ena ochepera. Kuchepetsa kwa dera kumalumikizana ndi mbatata zopangira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma frie aku France ndi zinthu zina za mbatata zouma. Mbatata zoterezi zikuimira kuchuluka kwa mbatata zopangidwa ku Canada ndi United States.
Malo odyera makumi masauzande tsopano atsekedwa ku North America chifukwa cha chiopsezo chofalikira kwa coronavirus. Zotsatira zake, anthu aku Canada komanso aku America akudya ma batala ochepa kuposa masiku onse. Chotsatira chotsatira cha izi ndikuti makina opanga mbatata adagwira ntchito McCain Zakudya, Mafamu a Cavendish ndi JR Simplot adula kupanga mafinya, zikondamoyo ndi mbatata zachisanu. Mafamu a Cavendish, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chomera cha ku France pachilumba cha Prince Edward, alangiza alimi m'chigawochi kuti azigulitsa mbatata pazinthu zina. Zimakhala zovuta kudziwiratu kuti malo odyera adzatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso nthawi yomwe ma fries azichira. Zotayika izi zikuyembekezeka kukhala zazikulu mpaka Meyi, ndipo zitha kutenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi zisanabwerere mwakale, kutengera kulosera kwa mafakitale.
Kuwerengera kwa 85% yazogulitsa mbatata zonse zachisanu. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kumachitika munthawi yomwe bizinesi ya mbatata idakhala yokonzeka kuti ikukulidwe. Mwezi umodzi wokha, pokonza mbewu zakonza zokonza mgwirizano wa mahekitala ambiri a mbatata. Chaka chatha, Cavendish Farms adatsegula chomera cha $ 400 miliyoni, ndipo JR Simplot adawononga $ 450 miliyoni kuti awonjezere kukula kwake. Mahekitala ena 3500 owonjezera anayenera kubzalidwa chaka chino kuti akwaniritse zosowa zatsopano. Ndipo alimi adalemba kale izi pa kugula mbewu ndi feteleza.
Kufunafuna kwa mbatata zamadzi mbatata kukukula mwachangu
Pomwe opanga zakudya akuvutika chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa chuma komanso ntchito, makampani ogulitsa makasitomala akukumana ndizomwezi. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi Idahoan Foods Mashed Potato Pot. Wopanga zinthu zamatenthedwe wopanda madzi adati kugulitsa mu Marichi kudakwera 250%. Kampaniyi, yomwe imakhazikitsidwa ku Idaho Falls, imagulitsa kwambiri mbatata zosenda ku United States. Kuti mukwaniritse zofuna zambiri, Idahoan Foods ikufunanso owonjezera 100 antchito.
Dutch Potato Association imafufuza njira zothetsera mbatata
Nederlandse Aardappel Organisatie (NAO, Dutch Potato Association) inafotokoza thandizo lawo kwa mamembala ake omwe akukumana ndi mavuto osayembekezereka chifukwa cha vuto la COVID-19. Patsamba lake, NAO ikuvomereza kuti pali makampani omwe sangathe kugwira ntchitoyi, mwachitsanzo, pamsika wa mbatata, pomwe mumsika wazakudya, zofuna zatha, motero makampani asiya. "Kudabwitsika komanso kusatsimikiza ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri pakati pa ophunzira. Tikuyesetsa kulankhulana ndi boma pazomwe zachitika ndipo tikuyesetsa kuchepetsa kuwonongeka, "bungwe la mbatata la Dutch lidatero. Thumba lalikulu la mbatata zogulitsa mafakitale likuwopseza kuti lisatchulidwe chifukwa chakugwa, makamaka kuchokera ku fakitale ya tchipisi. Izi zidakambidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi anzawo ogwira nawo ntchito. Izi zikufunidwa pakadali pano kuti athandizidwe kutaya masheya isanayambe nyengo yatsopano, komanso kudziwa momwe angathere kulandira boma.
Opanga mbatata akuyembekeza kuti chuma chadzakhala pakati pa € 160 ndi € 200 miliyoni m'miyezi ikubwera chifukwa cha "kuzizira" mwadzidzidzi matani mbatata miliyoni imodzi Izi zimabweretsa zovuta zazikulu zachuma kwa opanga omwe amakhazikika pakusunga mbatata kwa nthawi yayitali. Makampani ogulitsa zakudya (mayiko ndi apadziko lonse lapansi) amakhala pafupifupi 80% amagulitsa onse ogulitsa mbatata. M'masabata awiri apitawa, kufunika kwatsika ndi 90% chifukwa chotseka malo othandizira anthu.
Ma Ethylene Opanga Aulere
Restrain, wopanga komanso wogawa tekinolo ya ethylene germination in kulengeza, tsopano alengeza kuti ikupereka zida zake kwaulere kwa makampani osungira mbatata. Zolipira zokhazo zimakhala ngati sensor ya Refrain ya € 195 ndikugwiritsanso ntchito a restrain. Kampaniyo akuti ichi ndi chiwonetsero chabwino kwa alimi omwe amafunika kuti azisunga mbatata nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha vuto la mliri wa COVID-19, pomwe pano likuwononga makampani m'mayiko ambiri opanga mbatata ku Europe ndi maiko ena padziko lonse lapansi.
Zinthu ku Russia
M'miyezi yapitayi, nkhani zaumisiri pazakudya za mbatata sizinawonekere m'malo achidziwitso padziko lonse lapansi, ndikupereka kuwunika kwa zomwe zikuchitika komanso chiyembekezo chamsika pokhudzana ndi mliri wa coronavirus. Zoyenera kuchita ndi mbatata zomwe sizingasinthidwe kukhala tchipisi ndi ma cookie, komanso momwe mungakonzekere nyengo yamunda yotsatira? Izi ndi zovuta kwambiri pakukonzanso kachitidwe kogwirira ntchito kumayiko ena ndi ku EU. Kuchepa komwe kukonzedwa kwa mafakitale kumawonjezeka ndi 20-30% mu nyengo ya 2020-2021 mwachiwonekere zidzawonetsedwa mumgwirizano wogula zinthu zopangira ku Russia, ngati mliriwo ukhala mpaka kumapeto kwa masika, osachepera. Palibe chomwe chimamveka kuchokera kwa omwe akukonza poyera za izi, koma tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti awa ndi makampani amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mfundo ndi mfundo zodzigwirira ntchito, mosasamala malo omwe mbewuyo idamera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata zatsopano mumasitolo ogulitsa ndi omalizira kuphika kunyumba kwachuluka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, izi zikhala bwanji zokhazikika kuti athe kukonzekera kuwonjezeka kwa malo ofesedwa? Kukwaniritsa zosowa zowonjezereka zamagulu ogulitsa, kuchuluka kwa zopanga zomwe zapangidwa m'gawo lalikulu ndizokwanira. Pamenepa, pemphelo la Unduna wa Zaulimi kuti liwonjezere zamasamba mu 2020 ndi 25% (pamwambowu, msonkhano wapadera unachitika koyambirira kwa Epulo) ukuchititsa chidwi. Mutha kuonjezera, koma kenako? Zolembedwa kale ndi kuchepa kwa chuma ndi 17% mu gawo lachiwiri, ndizothekanso kwambiri kuti kuganizira izi komanso motsutsana ndi kusowa kwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi, gawo lolimbikitsa la anthu lidzakulitsa kupanga mbatata ndi masamba ena m'minda ndi masamba. Ndipo izi sizikukula, koma kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mbatata m'masitolo. Gawo lenileni lazachuma limayembekezera kuti boma lisapereke ziwopsezo zoyipa, koma njira zowoneka bwino komanso zoyenera zothandizira ndi kuwonjezera zochulukirapo monga kugula magetsi mdziko muno. Kulimbikitsa unyolo wogulitsa kuti muthe kukweza mitengo ndikusangalatsa chikumbumtima chawo sikokwanira. Yakwana nthawi yosamukira pamalonda azachuma komanso kukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima oletsa kugula masamba pa zinthu zamasamba, ndi zinthu zina zonse zamalonda, pazoyenera zotsika mtengo zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti mitengo ikuluikulu yogulitsa padziko lonse ikhale yolimba. Koma palibe zosintha zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa komanso nkhani pankhaniyi. Chifukwa chake, munthu akhoza kungokhala ndi chiyembekezo chakuti osewera omwe alipo kale komanso omwe angadzakhale nawo ndalama pamsika wogulitsa sangakane kubwereza cholakwika cha 2011, pomwe aliyense amathamangira kulima mbatata pambuyo pa chilala chachikulu cha 2010 komanso kuchepa kwa mbeu komanso mitengo ikukwera. Mavoliyumuwo adakwera kamodzi, koma mitengo idatsika mwanjira yoti aliyense amakumbukirabe izi.