Akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo ku National University of Singapore apeza mmene zomera zimalepheretsa kupangika kwa stomata ndi timabowo tosaoneka ndi maso kuti tichepetse kutayika kwa madzi pa nthawi ya chilala. Pys.org portal.
Stomata, yomwe imakhala pamwamba pa masamba, ndiyofunikira pakusinthana kwa mpweya pakati pa zomera ndi mlengalenga. Komabe, iwonso ndi magwero akuluakulu a madzi akataya masamba akasiya masamba ngati nthunzi wamadzi. Madzi akasoŵa, zomera zimapanga njira ziwiri za stomatal kuti zisunge madzi: zimatseka ma pores a stomata omwe alipo ndi kuchepetsa mapangidwe atsopano.
Mayankho awa, omwe amayanjanitsidwa ndi abscisic acid (ABA), ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti zomera zigwirizane ndi chilala ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale chitukuko chaulimi pakusintha kwanyengo. Komabe, sizinaphunzirepo kale momwe ABA imalepheretsa kupanga stomatal.
M'mawu atsopano Kusintha kwa Sayansi Gulu lofufuza motsogozedwa ndi Pulofesa Wothandizira wa LAU On Sun wochokera ku dipatimenti ya Biological Sciences ku National University of Singapore linanena za njira yomwe ikuyambitsa kuponderezedwa kwachilala kwa chitukuko cha stomatal.
Asayansiwo adapeza kuti ABA yayikulu yoyambitsa chilala ikuwonetsa kinases mwachindunji phosphorylate master stomatal regulator SPEECHLESS (SPCH). Phosphorylation imatanthawuza kuwonjezera kwa gulu la phosphate ku molekyulu. Phosphorylation ya ABA-induced phosphorylation ya SPCH protein imapezeka pamasamba awiri osiyana ndipo imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa SPCH.
Chifukwa SPCH imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha stomatal, SPCH phosphorylation imayambitsa kuchepa kwa milingo ya SPCH ndi nambala ya stomata, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa masambawa (chitsanzo S240/271A) kumabweretsa kuyankha kosiyana. Chofunika kwambiri, ofufuzawo adawonetsanso kuti zomera zomwe zili ndi malo osinthidwa a SPCH phosphorylation zimasonyeza kulekerera kwachilala.
Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti "code" inayake ndiyo imathandizira kuyankha kwa zomera kuti zisunge madzi. Mwa kuwongolera, titha kuwongolera kulekerera kwa chilala kwa mbewu ndikuthandizira kuti mbewuzo zizitha kukula mosiyanasiyana, kuyambira ulimi wachikhalidwe kupita kumizinda.