Tekinoloje yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi (pano - PEF) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakupanga zokhwasula-khwasula mbatata kuyambira 2010. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma batala achi French ndi tchipisi. Kukhazikitsa bwino zida za PEF zopangira mbatata mosalekeza m'makampani azakudya kuli ndi maubwino angapo potengera kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu zopangira, magwiridwe antchito bwino ndi mtundu wazogulitsa.
Ponseponse, ukadaulo wa PEF umalowa m'malo mwa kutentha kwa mbatata komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu yochepera 90%. Njira imeneyi imathandizira kufewetsa zopangira, kuloleza kudula ndi kukonza mbatata. Kudulidwa kosalala kosawonongeka pang'ono, mafupa, zinyalala zazing'ono ndi kuwonongeka kwa wowuma kumabweretsa zokolola zambiri zomalizidwa, kuyamwa pang'ono kwamafuta ndi moyo wa mpeni wocheperako. Kusakanikirana bwino kwamadzi kuchokera kwa PEF wa mbatata yothandizidwa kumathandizira kuti blanching, kuyanika ndi kukazinga, komwe kumathandizanso kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito. Ma fries ndi tchipisi zaku France zomwe zimapangidwa ndi PEF ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zathanzi, pomwe mafuta ochepa omwe amakhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso yunifolomu yocheperako.
Mfundo yopangira magetsi yamagetsi PEF
Kafukufuku woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa PEF ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ofufuza adachitika koyambirira kwa ma 1900. Komabe, kumayambiriro kwa Zakachikwi zatsopano, makina oyamba a mafakitale a PEF adapangidwa ndikuyika m'malo opangira mbatata. Opitilira 150 machitidwe a Elea PEF pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakampani yazakudya, zambiri zomwe zimayikidwa popanga ma batala achi French ndi tchipisi.
Ukadaulo wamagetsi wamagetsi wopangika amatengera mphamvu yamagetsi (Chithunzi 1). Kutengera mfundo zakuthupi, panthawi ya chithandizo cha PEF, timagetsi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga mphamvu zamagetsi timene timapanga, timene timalimbikitsa mapangidwe a pores mu cell cell osawononga zinthu zina zamtengo wapatali monga mavitamini, mchere kapena inki. Njira imeneyi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumatenda a nyama kapena masamba komanso ngakhale tizilombo. Maselo amoyo onse azunguliridwa ndi khungu lopanda malire, lomwe limakhala ndi phospholipids yokhala ndi ma dielectric. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yakunja kumabweretsa kudzikundikira ndalama pakhungu la cell ndikupangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuthekera kwake kwachilengedwe, komwe kumatchedwa transmembrane kuthekera. Izi zimayambitsa kupindika kwamagetsi kwa khungu ndipo, chifukwa chake, kumabweretsa mapangidwe a pores.
Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a pores m'maselo azomera zam'madzi (mwachitsanzo, maselo a mbatata), pokonza PEF, amataya mphamvu yawo yama cell (turgor), yomwe imapangitsa kuti minofu ichepetse ndikudula kosavuta komanso kwabwino kwazomera. Kuphatikiza apo, kusinthidwa kwama cell kumabweretsa kusintha kosunthika kwa misika, komwe njira zamakampani monga kutsuka, blanching ndi kukazinga mozama kumathandizanso.
Pachikhalidwe, mafakitale a mbatata agwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwamphamvu (preheating blanching) kuti atsimikizire kudula, komwe kumawotcha mbatata mpaka 65 ° C kwa mphindi 45. Izi zimafuna madzi ndi mphamvu zambiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kutaya madzi opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzaza ndikutulutsa madzi kuchokera chotenthetsera nthawi zambiri kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo kumafuna kukonzanso pambuyo pake. Izi ndizovuta makamaka pakusintha kwazinthu komanso kuyimitsidwa kosakonzekera, komwe nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti zipangizo zisatuluke.
Tiyenera kunena kuti popanga batala la ku France, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa PEF musanadule zopangidwazo kwakhala kale konsekonse padziko lapansi. Ukadaulo wa PEF umalowa m'malo mwa kutentha kwapadera, motero kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu mpaka 90%. Pakukonzekera kwa PEF, mankhwala ndi ntchito yamadzi satenthedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamakhala zocheperako zazing'ono komanso wowuma. Kukonzekera kwenikweni kumatenga ma microseconds ochepa chabe ndipo, kutengera mphamvu yopanga mzerewo, mbatata zili mumayendedwe a PEF kwa masekondi 5-8 okha. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa minda yamagetsi yamagetsi kulinso ndi maubwino ena. Popeza njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka, mbatata zonse - zazikulu kapena zazing'ono - zimakonzedwa mofanana. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti m'mbuyomu, kutenthetsa kwamatenthedwe, mbatata zazing'ono zinali zitaphika kale, pomwe mbatata zazikuluzo zinali zolimba mkati. Chifukwa chofewa yunifolomu, ngakhale kudula kumatheka; Mitengo yaiwisi ya French imasinthasintha ndipo imachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri zomaliza. Kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwamafuta (pafupifupi 10%) mukamawotchera kwambiri kumachepetsa mafuta omwe amapezeka pomaliza. Kuphatikiza apo, kusinthasintha kowonjezeka komanso mawonekedwe osalala kumapereka timitengo tating'onoting'ono taku French ndi utoto wunifolomu wokhala ndi bulauni kwambiri potuluka.
Popanga tchipisi, maubwino ake amafanana ndi omwe amapanga batala la ku France, koma kusintha kwa zinthu zomalizira kumadziwika kwambiri. Kucheka kumayendetsedwa bwino, komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zosowa zochepa komanso kuwononga wowuma panthawi yodula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokolola zichulukane. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa wowuma makamaka chifukwa cha ma tubers ocheperako kukhala osavuta kudula. Izi, zimayambitsanso kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa mipeni ndipo, chifukwa chake, kutsuka pang'ono kwa wowuma pamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi tchipisi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timamamatirana nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kuthetseratu kufunika kokana mankhwala. PEF wokazinga kwambiri atakonza zopangira tchipisi, mafuta amacheperachepera - mpaka 20% pazomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti kuchepa uku kumatengera kudula, mtundu wazinthu zopangira komanso njira yowotchera yokha. Chotsatirachi chimagwira gawo lofunikira pakukweza mtundu wazogulitsa. Makina otseguka azida zopangira ndi kufalikira kwamadzi kwabwino kumalola magawo okhathamira monga kutentha kwamafuta ndi nthawi yowuma. Kuwonjezeka kwachangu pakuwotchera mozama kumakhudza kwambiri mafuta ndi kuyamwa kwa mafuta kwa malonda, komanso mtundu ndi kuwuma kwa chinthu chomaliza. Kuchepetsa nthawi ndi kutentha kwa kukazinga kumapangitsa kuti chinthu chopepuka chizikhala ndi zinthu zochepa zamagetsi. Izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pa tchipisi tamasamba monga mbatata, kaloti, ma parsnips, kapena beets wofiira.
Kuphatikiza apo, kufewetsa yunifolomu kwa chinthucho kumatsegula mwayi watsopano wazodula. Pakadali pano, popanga ma batala aku France, mitundu yonga ma spiral, waffle kapena wavy itha kuyendetsedwa, ndikuwonongeka kocheperako. Njira zina zazikuluzikulu zikutsegulidwa pamakampani azipatso za mbatata, chifukwa masamba ovuta monga mbatata, ma parsnips kapena beets wofiira atha kupangidwanso kuti apange. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana zimawonekera kwa ogula, mpikisano ukuwonjezeka, ndikupanga mawonekedwe osazolowereka ndi / kapena zinthu zimakhala zosavuta.
Kuwunika Kwazachilengedwe PEF pokonza mbatata
Kuwunika kwa Impact Environmental (kuchokera pano - EIA) kumakupatsani mwayi woti mufotokozere momwe zinthu zimapangidwira m'chilengedwe kuyambira pazopangira mpaka kumapeto. Kafukufuku wa EIA wogwiritsa ntchito PEF pokonza mbatata adachitika pamafakitale pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chofananira kuchokera kwa makasitomala a Elea padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti kuchotsa zotentha zamagetsi ndi zida za PEF zitha kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwama 85% ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi 90%. yomwe imafanana ndi 60 - 70 malita amadzi ndi 000 GJ yamphamvu yamagetsi yopulumutsa chaka chilichonse pamizere yopanga ma fries aku France ya 000 kg / h. , asanu%. Kuphatikiza pa maubwino achindunji a PEF potengera kukonza mtundu wa malonda kapena kukonza njira zopangira payekha, ntchito yonse yopanga imakhala yothandiza komanso yokhazikika. Kugwiritsa ntchito PEF pamzere wopitilira wazipangizo zazikulu kumachulukitsa zokolola zomalizira ndi matani 20 ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta matani 50. Izi zimachepetsanso magwiritsidwe ntchito ndi madzi omwe amafunikira pakupanga, kuwonjezera apo, kupititsa patsogolo ndalama zogulira, kupereka chimodzimodzi kapena ngakhale apamwamba mafakitale mphamvu. Ndi machitidwe a Elea PEF omwe akhazikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi m'makampani a mbatata lero, 000 kWh yamphamvu, 1 kg ya CO yofanana imasungidwa pafupifupi sekondi iliyonse2 ndi malita 138 a madzi.
Njira PEF kwa mafakitale a mbatata
Elea imapereka njira zingapo zoyendetsera PEF zamitundu yosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana pama batala achi French ndi mizere ya tchipisi. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo lililonse la PEF lopangidwa ndi Elea limatha kupangidwa ndikumangidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zonse.
Machitidwe onse atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito 24/7 ndipo adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa cha nthawi yawo yochepera yochepera 10 masekondi ndi kukula kwake, machitidwe a Elea PEF ndiosavuta kuphatikizika ndi mizere yomwe ilipo kale. Machitidwe a PEF ali ndi makina athunthu ndipo amatha kuwongoleredwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku makina opanga kapena kutali kuchokera kuchipinda chowongolera chapakati. Njira zonse zofunikira zitha kuyang'aniridwa ndikujambulidwa. Popeza PEF ndiye muyezo wopanga ma batala achi French, makina omwe adaikidwayo akukulirakulira, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito zida wamba ndi zida zina zomwe zilipo. Ndi othandizana nawo padziko lonse lapansi ndi ntchito zakutali, ntchito zothandizidwa ndi uinjiniya zimatsimikizira kuti nthawi yowonjezerapo, chithandizo cha XNUMX/XNUMX ndi mtendere wamaganizidwe.
Makina a Elea pokonza PEF nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina opangira zida zamagetsi komanso makina othandizira. Pakukonza zinthu zolimba monga mbatata, gawo loyeserera ndi lamba wapadera wonyamula. Kukonzekera kwamachitidwe a PEF pakupanga tchipisi kumachokera ku 1 mpaka 6 t / h, ndipo pokonza batala la French, mphamvu yamizere imakhala yokwera kwambiri pa 10-60 t / h.
Elea PEF Advantage Belt imapezeka m'mitundu inayi: PEF Advantage B 1, 10, 100 ndi 1000, yokhoza kuthana ndi 1 t / h mpaka 60 t / h.
Makamaka pamizere yaying'ono yopanga tchipisi tapanga makina a PEF Elea PEF Advantage B 1 ndi B1 mini omwe amatha kupanga mpaka 6 t / h ya zopangira (mkuyu. 6).
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwapakati pa Elea PEF system ndi kotsika kwambiri (1 kWh pa tani ya feedstock), yomwe imalola kutsika mtengo kwa magwiridwe antchito. Zachidziwikire, kukhazikitsa kwa PEF kumadza ndi ndalama komanso magwiridwe antchito. Komabe, kukhazikitsa njira zopitilira 30 za PEF pakupanga tchipisi kwawonetsa kubwereranso kwa ndalama munthawi yochepa, kuyerekezera chaka chimodzi mpaka ziwiri, chifukwa chakusunga ndalama mwanjira yogwirira ntchito kapena phindu lokhudzana ndi zinthu monga zokolola zochulukirapo, zochepa zotsalira ndikuchepetsa mafuta okhutira.
Mwambiri, ukadaulo wa PEF umaphatikizapo kukhathamiritsa kwa zinthu zopangira ndikuwongolera njira zonse zopangira, zomwe zimapindulitsa wopanga, wogula komanso chilengedwe.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBLI0TxNpcw
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