Feteleza ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wamadzi kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo mukamwetsa. Sayansi imeneyi yakhala ikudziwika padziko lapansi kuyambira m'ma 70s a zaka zapitazo. Koyamba, ndizosavuta: njira zowonjezera za feteleza (kapena zowononga tizilombo) zimadyetsedwa mu mzere waukulu wazakumwa zothirira pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yoyenda. Kenako chisakanizocho chimapita kuzomera. DZIWANI ZOKHUDZA ATSOGOLO
Ubwino wofunikira wa chonde ndikuthandizira kuchita bwino kwa michere / zoteteza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuthirira kwamafasho, zinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa zimakhudzidwa ndi ziwalo zonse za mbeu - mizu ndi masamba (amadziwika kuti zomera zimadya zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi koposa zonse). Nthawi yomweyo, ulamuliro woyenera wa chinyezi umasungidwa osagwiritsa ntchito madzi mopitilira muyeso (ndimomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito madzi pa hekita imodzi, zokolola zake zimakhala zochulukirapo, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika).
Feteleza imapereka kuthekera kodyetsa kangapo pamiyeso yaying'ono, poganizira zosowa za mbewuyo pakukula kwina. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndizosatheka kuwonjezera mbatata nthawi ya maluwa kapena chiyambi cha mapangidwe a tuber mwanjira ina. Zakudya zoperekera zakudya zimaperekedwa munthawi yake, ngakhale nyengo ili bwanji.
Kuledzera kwa zinthu m'misika yotsika (zomwe feteleza amakhala m'madzi othirira siziyenera kupitilira 0,2-0,3% munthawi yotentha komanso yotentha ndi 0,5% nyengo yozizira kapena yamvula) zimathandiza kuti mbewu zizitha kuyamwa bwino kapena kulandira chitetezo, ndi opanga ulimi - kupewa kutaya gawo lalikulu la feteleza / zinthu zoteteza kuchikhalidwe, malinga ndi njira yolankhulirana. Zotsatira zoyipa zamagetsi pazachilengedwe siziphatikizidwa.
Tikuwonjezeranso kuti kuyambitsa mankhwala mwachisawawa sikutanthauza kupitilira kwa zida m'minda ndikuisunga ndalama pakugula kwa chipangizochi.
Ngakhale pali zabwino zambiri, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ukadaulowu ulinso ndi zovuta zina. Tiyeni tiyambe ndikuti si mankhwala onse omwe angawonjezeke motere.
Kusankhidwa kwa olemba
Zinthu zina (makamaka zosasungunuka kapena kusungunuka) zimatha kubisa kapena kuwononga ma fafaniza mu mafinyira. Ndipo zina zimayambitsa kuyambika kwa zinthu za kuthirira.
Kusankha kwa feteleza kwa chonde kuyenera kufikiridwa mosamala, onetsetsani kuti muwerenga malangizo a mankhwala aliwonse. Ndipo musaiwale za malamulo oyambira:
- Feteleza ayenera kukhala madzi osungunuka komanso ogwirizana.
- Kutha kwa zinthu kuyenera kuchitika m'nthawi yochepa pa kutentha kwa "munda".
- Feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi index yochepa yamchere (popeza mbewu zamasamba zimakhala ndi mchere wochepa kwambiri).
- Zinthu ziyenera kudziwika ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono.
Mwa feteleza olimba azikhalidwe, izi zimakwaniritsidwa bwino, mwachitsanzo, ndi ammonium sulfate, urea, potaziyamu kloride, ndi potaziyamu nitrate.
KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO YAVUTO YA MANZI
Ubwino wa ntchito za umuna / chitetezo chimadaliranso kutengera madzi othirira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ili ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere wosungunuka m'madzi, kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa feteleza kumachepa. Zomwe zili ndi bicarbonates, sulphate ndi ma chloride ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Mwachitsanzo, bicarbonate ion, imakulitsa pH yankho, imachepetsa kusungunuka kwa feteleza, ma sulphate amathandizira kuphulika kwa Ca, Mg ndi Fe, ma chloride amachulukitsa mchere wamadzi ndikuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa feteleza.
Kuphatikiza apo, madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira atha kukhala amitambo kapena azinyalala. Pazochitikazi, zosefera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kutseka zida.
MALO OGULITSIRA MALO
Chimodzi mwazofunikira pakukwaniritsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa feteleza ndikuwunika momwe nthaka ilili, kuwongolera EU ndi nthaka pH. Kuchuluka kwa nthaka kumapangitsa kupezeka kwa michere yambiri. Nthaka yabwino kwambiri pH imawerengedwa kuti ndi 6.0-6.5. Pamwamba pa 6.5, zitsulo monga chitsulo (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mg), mkuwa (Cu) ndi zinthu zina (boron ndi phosphorous) sizimapezeka kuzomera. Pa nthaka pH yochepera 5.5, phosphorous ndi molybdenum imakhalanso yosatheka. Kuwongolera kwa EC kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mchere m'dera la mizu. Nthawi yotentha, mchere wa mbeu umawonjezeka; kuti muchepetse, ndikofunikira kuthirira ndi kutsika kwa mtengo wa EC pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa michere m'thupi.
Mwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uku kumafunikira kuwongolera mosamalitsa mitundu, milingo, nthawi ndi njira zopangira feteleza / mankhwala.
Nthawi zambiri kulimbirana kumachitika ndi mafamu okhala ndi makina owongolera pakompyuta kuti athetsere zolakwika zoyambitsidwa ndi kutengera kwa munthu.
Pokhala ndi dongosolo loyenera, fertigasia imathandizira kukulitsa zokolola, kuwonjezeka kwa mtundu wazogulitsa, komanso kutsika kwa mtengo wake. Masiku ano, chimakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri (ndipo pazifukwa zina) chida chaukadaulo wokulitsa zamasamba ndi mbatata.
Kampani ya Potential, yomwe ndi gawo la Gulu la Makampani a Agrotrade, imapereka zida zonse zofunikira kuti kukhazikitsidwe kwa famu yanu kugwere. Akatswiri a kampaniyo ali okonzeka kupereka upangiri waluso ndikuyankha mafunso anu.
Contact Information:
Gulu la makampani "Agrotrade"
(831) 461 91 58
www.chiyama.pro
BespalovAV@agrotradesystem.ru
8-910 395 27 89
ValetovDS@agrotradesystem.ru
8-910 882 60 52