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Msonkhano wa "Agricultural Cooperation - maziko a chitukuko chokhazikika cha ulimi waung'ono kumidzi" unachitikira ku Moscow pa January 26. Mwambowu unakonzedwa ndi mabungwe ogwirizana a dziko lonse mothandizidwa ndi Federation Council Committee on Agrarian Food Policy and Natural Management. Msonkhanowu udayenera kuchitika limodzi ndi chionetsero cha International Livestock Exhibition AGROS-2022, ndipo nthumwi zochokera m’zigawo 71 za dzikolo zinafika pa msonkhanowo. Okonza mwambowu anayesa kupereka tanthauzo, koma zotsatira zake zinali zofanana. Tinacheza ndikusiyana.
Kuchokera ku congress iyi, komanso kuyambira asanu ndi atatu apitawo, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zochepa. Ndichifukwa chiyani ndikuganiza choncho? Tiye tione zimene zinachitika pa msonkhanowu. Oyankhulawa anena za kukhazikika kwa ulimi m’dziko muno; kuti chidwi chochepa chimaperekedwa ku chitukuko cha ma cooperative. Zomwe nthumwi zimawona ngati kusalabadira uku - pakuthandizidwa pang'ono kwa ma cooperative ndi boma, pakusagwirizana kwa ma cooperatives ndi omwe amapereka zida zazikulu zamafakitale a agro-industrial.
Kukambitsirana konseku kunabwera ku madandaulo olamulira akuluakulu ndi bizinesi yayikulu ya oligarchic, yomwe imasokoneza ntchito. Panali zokamba zambiri zowala zomwe zinanenedwa kuti panalibe phindu lokwanira kwa ma cooperative, ndi zina zotero. Pamapeto pake, adagwirizananso ndi chigamulo chomwe adapempha Purezidenti ndi boma kuti apange ndi kuvomereza polojekiti ya dziko "Kukula kwa mgwirizano waulimi." Ngati chonchi. Pali ntchito zapadziko lonse "Culture", "Healthy Lifestyle", tiyeni tikhalenso ndi polojekiti yapadziko lonse yopititsa patsogolo mgwirizano.
Ndikuganiza kuti zonse lero zikukhudza mfundo yakuti ma cooperative amafunika kuthandizidwa. Kodi mungathandize bwanji chinthu chomwe kulibe? Russia lero ili m'modzi mwa malo otsiriza padziko lapansi pokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha mgwirizano waulimi. Lamulo la ma cooperative lakhala likugwira ntchito m’dziko muno kwa zaka 2021, Purezidenti wakhala akupempha chitukuko, koma zinthu sizinasinthe. Ku Russia mu 6, pali mabungwe okwana XNUMX okha, omwe dziko lotere ndilotsika m'nyanja. Masiku ano, mabungwe ang'onoang'ono amathandizidwa, omwe sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito phindu lomwe alipo. Olima ambiri safuna kulowa nawo ma cooperative.
Ndiyesera kuyankha funso, chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika kwa ife? Onse omwe amasamala za chitukuko cha kayendetsedwe ka mgwirizano ayenera kumvetsetsa chinthu chimodzi: m'pofunika kusintha njira yoganizira njira yoyendetsera mgwirizano. Masiku ano, sikoyenera kutsutsa ma cooperatives kuzinthu zazikulu, mapurosesa akuluakulu, ogulitsa akuluakulu, koma kupanga mgwirizano nawo. Ndiye nkhani za mgwirizano wapagulu-zachinsinsi zidzatulutsa opanga ang'onoang'ono, i.e. mayanjano awo - ma cooperatives ku gawo lina la ntchito.
M'pofunikanso kukonzanso misonkho motsatira msonkho wawiri wa alimi ndi ma cooperative. Mlimi mwiniwake amakhoma misonkho, ndipo mgwirizano, womwe ali membala, umapereka msonkho womwewo. Ndicho chimene chikuchitika lero.
Chifukwa chiyani alimi salowa nawo mumgwirizanowu? Ndikufotokoza. Mwalamulo, mgwirizano ndi mtundu wa famu yamagulu, ndipo mlimi, yemwe anali mlimi wamagulu osati kale kwambiri, sakufuna kupita kumeneko kachiwiri, akufuna kudziimira payekha. Alimi adzagwirizana ngati minda yamagulu, ndikuganiza, m'mibadwo isanu. Apa muli ndi indivisible fund ya cooperative, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi lamulo. Pachifukwa chomwechi, osewera omwe ali ndi chidwi chachikulu pamsika wazakudya sangagwirizane ndi alimi ang'onoang'ono.
Masiku ano, pokambirana za chitukuko cha mgwirizano, mawu onse a chithandizo amakhazikika pa mlimi payekha, osati pa mgwirizano. Ngati cooperative ikufuna kugula gulu lalikulu la mbewu zosankhika, ndiye kuti bungwe laulimili sililandira thandizo kuchokera ku boma, koma mlimi wamng'ono adzalandira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ogulitsa mitundu yonse yazinthu ku agro-industrial complex safuna kulumikizana ndi ma cooperative.
Pachitukuko cha kayendetsedwe ka mgwirizano, sitifunikira pulojekiti yadziko lonse, yomwe siidzakhala, koma kuyambiranso kwa njira zopangira, kupanga, ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ma cooperative. Pankhaniyi, ndalama zapagulu zidzaperekedwa pazifukwa zenizeni, zomwe zotsatira zake zimawonekera komanso zowoneka. Pamenepa, ma cooperatives sadzayenera kupikisana ndi malonda akuluakulu, koma kuti azipita pamodzi. Pokhapokha posintha njira yoyendetsera mgwirizanowu mudziwu udzasungidwa, ndi zipangizo zofunika kwambiri komanso anthu. Pokhapokha ndi njira iyi ku mabungwe amgwirizano boma lidzalandira thandizo lamphamvu pakukhazikitsa mitengo yazakudya.
Chimene chimafunika si mawu ndi zopempha za ndalama, osati kugwedeza mutu wakale wa Soviet, koma malingaliro atsopano, njira ndi chitukuko cha mgwirizano muzochitika zamakono.