Kodi kubzala mbatata kumapereka mwayi wanji komanso momwe mungasinthire mitundu yamafuta ndi ma hybrids ochokera ku mayiko ena okwera mtengo? Umenewu unali mutu waukulu pamsonkhano wa sayansi ndi kupanga womwe umachitika ku South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato (YUNIISK). Asayansi adapereka mitundu yatsopano ya mbatata ndi matekinoloje amateteza mbewu ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Zatsopano Kufika
Mutu wa Institute Nikolay Glaz Mitundu ya mbatata zopangidwa ndi obereketsa a UUNIISK omwe akuyesedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya boma.
"Limodzi mwamagawo osankhidwa mwathu ndikupanga mitundu yoyenera mafakitale," adatero. - Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yatsopano "Zakhar" ikuwonetsa zotsatira zoyambirira zamayeso osiyanasiyana. Pali chiyembekezo chenicheni kuti chigawika. Ndipo mitundu ya "mgoza" idaperekedwa kuyesedwa kwa boma mu 2018. Zina mwazabwino zake ndi zipatso zambiri, popeza ndizosiyanasiyana.
Malinga ndi asayansi, chaka chino "albatross" watsopano wakonzekera kukayesedwa ku State Inspectorate. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi kukana khansa, nematode ndi matenda ena a mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mbiri ya matani 50 pa mahekitala, kukhuthala kwambiri - 18%, kukoma kwabwino kwambiri komanso kusungidwa.
Nikolai Glaz anati: "Zina mwazopeza zazikulu zamakono ndizopanga mitundu yokhala ndi ma peels achikuda ndi maudzu obiriwira," atero Nikolai Glaz. - Oberekera athu adaberekanso mbatata zamtunduwu, timafuna kusinthitsa kuti ziyesedwe posachedwa.
Posachedwa, mitundu monga "box body", "bracelet", "cavalier", ndi "itzil" yadziwika ku UNIISK. Zotsatira zoyambirira zoyesedwa zosiyanasiyana zinawonetsa kukana kwawo kwambiri matenda ndikusungidwa bwino.
Mbeu yabwino kubzala mbatata imatsimikiziridwa ndikusintha kwa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimatchedwa kuti michere pakukula kwa tsamba, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muchotse majeremusi ndi matenda ambewu.
M'malo "alendo"
Komabe, mwanjira zosiyanasiyana, kukonzanso zinthu mosiyanasiyana ndi vuto lalikulu kwa alimi a mbatata m'derali. Masiku ano, mitundu 25 ya mbatata yakula kudera la Chelyabinsk, pomwe isanu ndi malo okha omwe amatipangirako. Kwenikweni, uwu ndi mtundu wa Nevsky, m'zaka zaposachedwa wakhala wakuzika kwambiri ndi Dutch ndi Germany Red Scarlett, Romano, ndi Rosar. Mitundu ya kubowa yodziwika ku YUNIISK ikadalipo pang'ono: mwachitsanzo, "Taras" - 22 ha, "Spiridon" - mahekita 5 okha.
Malinga ndi alimi, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mbewu za mbatata zakusankhidwa kwanyumba, chifukwa zosakanizika zakunja zimawonongeka mwachangu ndipo zinthu zakutchire ziyenera kugulidwanso kunja. Zayamba kale: asayansi apanga mitundu yatsopano ya mitundu yonse yomwe siyotsika mtengo kuposa mitundu yakunja.
M'chigawo cha Chelyabinsk, kupanga mbatata kumalimbikitsidwa makamaka m'madera akutali a Argayash, Sosnovsky ndi Krasnoarmeysky. Monga akunenera Mutu wa Dipatimenti Yopanga Zomera ndi Mabizinesi Ang'onoang'ono a Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Yuri ZasypkinMalinga ndi kunenedweraku, chaka chino pafupifupi matani masauzande 120 a mbatata azidzakulidwa. Izi, poganizira zinthu zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kumadera oyandikana, ndizokwanira kuonetsetsa magawo ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu amderali. Chaka chatha, mabungwe ndi minda yomwe ingokulitsa mbatata ndiomwe idakolola matani 146 a mbatata.
- Kwa zaka 20 zapitazi, izi ndi zokolola zam'maderawa, - anatero Wachiwiri kwa Nduna ya Zaulimi a Alexander Zavalishchin. - Mwa bukuli, mbatata 40 za mbatata zimagulitsidwa kunja kukagulitsa. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zokolola, alimi athu akukumana ndi vuto logulitsa ma tubers. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogula, maunyolo ogulitsa sakukondwa ndi china chake. Ndikofunikira kupenda zomwe zikuchitika pamsika ndikupempha asayansi kuti apange mitundu yatsopano yomwe ikufunika pamsika.
Source: https://up74.ru/