Mpaka pano, mitengo ya mbatata ku Ukraine imakhalabe yapamwamba kwambiri osati ku Europe kokha, komanso ku Eurasia konse. Mtengo wambatata pakali pano umachokera ku 7 mpaka 10 UAH/kg (masenti 28-40 US pa kg). Komanso, wotuluka amapangidwa makamaka pa 8-9 UAH/kg, ndipo kumapeto kwa sabata, ngakhale 8 UAH/kg (32 US masenti), alimi ambiri anakana kugulitsa mbatata.
Zingawonekere kuti mitengo iyenera kutsika - pambuyo pake, kukolola kwa mitundu yochedwa ya mbatata kwayamba posachedwa m'mafamu akatswiri omwe akukula kuchokera ku mahekitala 10 mpaka 500 kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo minda yapakhomo yamaliza kukolola, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuperekedwa kwazinthu. pa msika panopa pafupi pazipita. Komabe, mitengo sikuti imachepa, koma sabata yatha ngakhale anali ndi chizoloŵezi chowonjezeka, ndipo sabata ino adasungidwa pamtunda wapamwamba.
Poyerekeza, ku Russia pakadali pano mutha kugula mbatata zotsika mtengo nthawi 2,5 kuposa ku Ukraine, komanso ku Belarus - zotsika mtengo kawiri. Choncho, n’zosadabwitsa kuti kusiyana kwakukulu kotereku kwa mitengo kumayambitsa kuitanitsa kunja. Ndipo, malinga ndi deta yathu, ikupitiriza kuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku, chifukwa ndalama zamalonda ndi zabwino kwambiri.
Ngakhale ku Moldova, malinga ndi kuwunika kwamitengo ya EastFruit, mitengo ya mbatata ndiyotsika kuposa ku Ukraine. Koma inali Moldova yomwe nyengo yatha inali msika waukulu wogulitsa zinthu zaku Ukraine. Komabe, tsopano Ukraine pamsika uwu idzalowetsedwa ndi Russia ndi Belarus, kumene mitengo imakhala yotsika kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, izi zidzatsimikizira kubwezeretsanso magalimoto omwe amapereka apulo ya Moldova ku Russia ndi Belarus.
Zikuwoneka zomveka kuti mtengo wokwera wa mbatata uyenera kuwopseza wogula, ndipo kufunikira kwa mbatata kuyenera kuchepa, koma zonse zimakhala zosiyana.
"Ogula aku Ukraine amakumbukirabe zofooka za nthawi ya Soviet. Zaposachedwa kwambiri ndikukumbukira mitengo yokwera kwambiri ya anyezi masika. Chifukwa chake, amatengera mitengo yokwera m'njira yosavomerezeka - amathamangira kumsika ndikuyesera kugula zinthu zambiri kuposa masiku onse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ichuluke, "akufotokoza Andriy Yarmak, katswiri wazachuma ku Investment department of Food and Agriculture Organisation. bungwe la United Nations (FAO).
"Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti zinthu pamene psychology ya anthu ambiri imakhudza mitengo si yachilendo - milandu yotereyi pazaka 15 zapitazi zakhala zikuchitika nthawi zonse pazinthu zosiyanasiyana - tirigu ndi buckwheat ndi katundu wamagulu a masamba. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi msika wa tirigu mu nyengo ya 2001/02, pomwe wachiwiri kwa Prime Minister wa Agrarian Affairs Leonid Kozachenko adakhala miyezi ingapo m'bwalo la ng'ombe pamilandu "yothandizira kugulitsa tirigu". Kenako, zinali zochita za Purezidenti Kuchma ndi Ofesi ya Prosecutor General, omwe mwadzidzidzi adapeza kuchuluka kwa tirigu wotuluka kunja kwa dzikolo, zomwe zidadzetsa mantha pamsika. Anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ufa wosapitirira 5 makilogalamu kunyumba m'nyengo yozizira nthawi yomweyo anayamba kugula m'matumba, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zinthu zonse za tirigu, monga chimanga ndi pasitala. Zotsatira zake, mitengo idakwera kwambiri, mphero zaufa zinagwira ntchito nthawi yonseyi ndipo sizinathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira, kutumiza kunja kunasiya, ndipo pamapeto pake ngakhale kuitanitsa kunja kunayamba, ndipo kudya kwapakhomo kwa tirigu ndi zinthu zake kunaphwanya mbiri yonse mu nyengo imodzi ndipo ndi mbiri mpaka lero. tsiku.
Koma n’chiyani chinachitikira matumba a ufa ndi pasitala amene anthu ankagula n’kuwaika m’makonde ndi m’makonde? Pafupifupi zonsezi zinasamukira ku zinyalala kapena, makamaka, kudyetsedwa kwa ziweto. Ogula analipira mtengo wokulirapo, ndipo ndalamazo zinapita kwa olima mbewu. Kozachenko, mwa njira, zinali zomveka bwino panthawiyo, koma kuneneratu kwa mtengo wapamwamba kunakwaniritsidwa, chifukwa sikunali kotheka kuitanitsa tirigu wotchipa, chifukwa cha kulowererapo kwa boma, komanso, motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha kumwa mopanda nzeru, zathu zokha sizinali zokwanira," akutero Andriy Yarmak.
“Mitengo ya mbatata pofika mkatikati mwa Seputembala sikhala yotsika kwambiri panyengoyi. Nthawi zambiri, amapitilira kutsika mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala, pomwe opanga amagulitsa zinthu zomwe sizisungidwa kwanthawi yayitali komanso njira yosinthira mbatata kuchokera kwa anthu akumadera akumpoto kwa dzikolo kukagula zinthu zina ikugwira ntchito, "akutero. Kateryna Zvereva, Development Director wa Ukraine Fruit and Vegetable Association (UPOA).
Malinga ndi EastFruit, kukolola mbatata kumadera akumpoto kwa dzikolo mu 2019 kunali koyipa kwambiri kuposa zomwe sizinali bwino chaka chatha. Komabe, dera lomwe lili pansi pake linakulitsidwa pang'ono, lomwe, kwenikweni, linapereka chiwerengero chofanana cha kupanga. Nthawi yomweyo, mafamu apanyumba sakonda kugulitsa mbatata zawo chaka chino - amakumbukiranso kuti nyengo yatha mitengo yogulira mbatata idakwera pafupifupi kawiri mu Epulo poyerekeza ndi Seputembala ndipo akuyembekeza kuti izi zibwerezabwereza. Pansi pazimenezi, mwachizolowezi, ogulitsa akhala akugwira ntchito kwambiri - akuyesera kugula mbatata kuchokera kwa anthu ndikuziyika posungirako ndikuyembekeza kugulitsa pamtengo wapamwamba m'nyengo yozizira.
"Tikasanthula mbiri yamitengo ya mbatata muzaka 10 zapitazi, kuyerekeza mtengo wamba pakati pa Epulo ndi mtengo wapakati pa Seputembala, tikuwona chithunzi chosangalatsa. Kasanu, mtengo wa mbatata mu Epulo unali wofanana kwambiri ndi mtengo wa mbatata mkatikati mwa Seputembala. Nthawi ina, mitengo yambatata mu Epulo inali yotsika ndi 5,5% kuposa Seputembala, ndipo nthawi ina, mtengo udakwera ndi 6% yokha mu Epulo poyerekeza ndi Seputembala. Ndiye kuti, nthawi zambiri (mu 70%), omwe amakonda kusunga mbatata kuti azigulitsa mu Seputembala adataya, chifukwa kutayika pakusungidwa sikungapeweke. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kunyamula ndalama zosungirako zosungirako, lendi (kapena kuchepa kwamtengo), komanso ndalama zomwe zimafunikira kugula mbatata (kapena zomwe sizinalandire chifukwa chosagulitsa) zili ndi zake, mtengo wokwera kwambiri. Ukraine, "akutero Oleksandr Khorev, Mtsogoleri wa APK-Inform: Vegetables and Fruits project.
"Inali mu nyengo yatha (2018/19) pomwe mitengo idakwera kwambiri - mbatata idakwera mtengo ndi 86% mkatikati mwa Epulo poyerekeza ndi pakati pa Seputembala. Komanso mu nyengo ya 2014/15 panali kuwonjezeka kwa 54%, koma inali nthawi ya kusakhazikika kwakukulu kwa ndale ndi macroeconomic, ndipo mwina ndi zolakwika kuziganizira. Ndipo kachiwiri, kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo kunali 35%, zomwe sizitilola kuti tilankhule za mwayi wopeza ndalama zambiri pakugulitsa mbatata. Izi zikutanthauza kuti phindu lodziwikiratu pakugulitsa mbatata mutatha kusungirako linali kamodzi kokha m'zaka khumi zapitazi, motero, m'malingaliro athu, njira yotsatsira malonda, pomwe wopangayo amagulitsa mbatata nthawi yonseyi, ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera mbatata. malonda, "akutero Alexander Khorev.
Ofufuza a UPOA amawona kuti mtengo wokwera wotere wa mbatata mu Seputembala, womwe umawonetsedwa mu hryvnia, monga womwe wakhazikitsidwa pamsika pano, sunakhalepo m'mbiri. “Chapakati pa Seputembala 2010, mitengo ya mbatata idafika 4 UAH/kg. Panthawiyo inali yoposa masenti 50 a US pa kilogalamu pa hryvnia ku mtengo wosinthanitsa ndi dollar, ndiye kuti, mu madola mtengo unali wokwera kuposa pano. Komabe, mtengowo unachepa pang'ono mu theka lachiwiri la September ndi October, ndipo unayamba kukula mu Januwale chaka chotsatira, ndipo kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo mu April poyerekeza ndi September kunali 35% yokha, "anatero Katerina Zvereva wochokera ku UPAA.
Kodi mtengo wa mbatata ku Ukraine ungakwezedwe m'masabata akubwerawa ndikukwera masika kuposa pano? Yankho la funso limeneli likupezeka m’mbiri. Inde, malinga ndi APK-Inform: Masamba ndi Zipatso, kuchuluka kwa mbatata mu 2019 kudzakwera poyerekeza ndi 2018 chifukwa cha zokolola zabwino m'mafamu akatswiri komanso kukulitsa madera. Komabe, funso lalikulu ndilakuti ndi mbatata zingati zomwe zagulidwa kwambiri zomwe zidzawola m'malo osungiramo anthu okhala m'matauni, chifukwa tsopano akugula zinthu zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo, osakhala ndi zofunikira zosungira mbatata.
"Tsiku lina, ndidawona kukambirana pabwalo lina pakati pa munthu yemwe amafuna kugula tani imodzi ya mbatata pa 8 UAH / kg kuti awonetsetse kuti banja lake likudya nthawi yonseyi m'chigawo cha Chernihiv. Anapatsidwa mankhwala otsika mtengo kuposa 1 UAH / kg ndipo adauzidwa kuti masika mitengo idzakhala 10-20 UAH / kg. Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo pazokambirana adakhulupirira motsimikiza momwe zinthu zikuyendera, ndipo ndi munthu m'modzi yekha amene adawona kuti amangobweretsa mbatata yotsika mtengo ku Belarus, "akutero Andrei Yarmak.
Zonse zikaganiziridwa, ofufuza a EastFruit akuyembekeza kuti kukwera kwa msika wa mbatata kupitilirabe kukopeka ndi atolankhani, zomwe zitha kupangitsa mitengo kukhala yokwera. Izi zidzasewera m'manja mwa alimi omwe "pachinyengo" adzalandira mtengo wabwino wa katundu wawo, zomwe sizikusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ogula osadziwa omwe amagula mbatata zotere amatha kutaya pafupifupi theka la zinthu zoterezi m'milungu ingapo.
Izi zigwiranso ntchito m'manja mwa ogulitsa kunja omwe apitiliza kuitanitsa mbatata kuchokera ku Belarus ndi Russia (kudzera ku Belarus). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuitanitsa kunja sikungakhudze kwambiri mtengo - kumangoletsa. Komabe, kuchepa pang'ono kwa mitengo m'masabata akubwerawa ndikothekabe.
Koma ngati zingatheke kupeza zambiri pa mbatata mu kasupe ndi funso lalikulu. Kuthekera kopeza 20-25 UAH/kg ya mbatata mumsika wamasika kumawoneka ngati kosatheka pakadali pano, makamaka potengera kulimba kwa ndalama zaku Ukraine, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katundu wakunja akhale wotsika mtengo. Komanso, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti chiyembekezo chochepetsa mtengo wa mbatata ku Russia, Belarus ndi Poland sichinathebe - kukolola kukungoyamba kumene m'madera ambiri. EU ikuyembekezeranso kukolola mbatata zambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangatengere katundu wambiri.
Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti malinga ndi kukwera kwamitengo yapakhomo, ntchito zotumiza kunja za olima mbatata zaku Ukraine zidzayimitsidwa, chifukwa kupambana kwakukulu kudachitika mu nyengo yathayi. Komabe, tiyembekeze kuti phindu la chaka chino lithandiza alimi kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zamakono zolima, kukonza, kusanja, kusunga ndi kugulitsa mbatata. Izi ziwathandiza kuti alowe bwino m'misika yatsopano mu nyengo ya 2020/21.
Source: https://east-fruit.com