Maria Erokhova, Wofufuzira wa Junior, FGBNU VNIIF
Maria Kuznetsova, Mutu wa Dipatimenti ya Zovuta Zamasamba ndi Zamasamba, Wopandukira Sayansi Yachilengedwe, FGBNU VNIIF
Kupitilizabe nkhani. Yambani: Vitamini Y-virus: chidule cha zambiri zaposachedwa
Posachedwa, mavairasi asintha kwambiri mbatata ku Russia.
Pa Epulo 14, 2020, World Potato Congress idachita ukadaulo wa webusayiti wotchedwa Potato Virusi: The Latest Information. Kujambula kwa webinar mu Chingerezi pagulu lakhazikitsidwa kale patsamba World Potato Congress.
Yemwe adatsogolera ukonde anali Dr. Alexander Karasev. Ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino pankhani ya phytovirusology. Alexander Karasev adalandira Ph.D. mu sayansi yachilengedwe kuchokera ku Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov wamkulu mu virology. Kuyambira 2006, agwira ntchito ku Yunivesite ya Idaho (USA).
Pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti iyi, Dr. Karasev adasamala za kufotokozera kwa ma virus ofunika kwambiri azachuma, omwe adatchulidwa Mbatata y-virus, mbatata tsamba azipiringa (PLRV) kachilombo ka fodya (TRV) ndi mbatata pamwamba panicle kachilombo (PMTV).
Wasayansi uja anati kachilombo ka mankhwalawa komwe kali pamwamba pa mbatata kamayambitsa matenthedwe achikasu masamba, makamaka otsika, komanso ma V okhala ndi masamba a masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, PMTV imayambitsa kufupikitsa. Mitundu ina yam'mapulogalamu imakhala mkati mwamizeremizere. Necrosis atha kuoneka kapena asawonekere pamwamba pa tubers. Ngati ma tubers omwe akhudzidwa adabzalidwa, kachilomboka kamafalikira mosakwana theka la ana a tubers.
Wonyamula PMTV ndi Spongospora mobisa f. sp. mobisa.
Kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri ka fodya pamasamba kumatha kuoneka ngati kofatsa, koma sizizindikirika nthawi zambiri. Pa ma tubers, TRV imatha kuwoneka ngati mikwingwirima yozungulira komanso mawanga m'thupi. Kukula kwa zizindikiro kumasiyanasiyana. Ma tubers ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka TRV amapatsa mbeu zomwe zikusowa kachilomboka. TRV imagawidwa ndi nematode. Kukula kwa nematodes kumakondedwa ndi dothi lamchenga. Zimafalikira ndi madzi pamtunda komanso posunthira dothi.
Zomera zikakhudzidwa ndi kachilombo ka mbatata masamba azipiringa, masamba azipiringa amapezeka. Amatha kukhala ofiira kapena kutembenukira utoto. Zomera zimakhala zachikasu, kukula kwake kumachepera. Khola lofiirira limapezeka mu tubers m'chigawo cha mphete ya mtima. Chizindikiro choterocho pa tubers chimatchedwa "net necrosis." Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi mbewu zobzala, "zomera zodzipereka", kuphatikiza, PLRV imaloledwa wobiriwira pichesi nseru.
Tikuyenera kudziwa kuti ma virus omwe atchulidwa (ma virus a Y-virus, kachilombo ka mbatata, kachilombo ka mbatata pamwamba ndi kachilombo ka fodya) mu 2019 alandila tizirombo tosavomerezeka kwa mbatata za mbewu ku EU, zomwe zimayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zolimbirana zolimbirana motsutsana nawo m'maiko aku Europe.
Monga gawo la chitetezo chophatikizidwa, wolemba webinar adafotokozera kuti zichotsa magwero a matenda oyamba, kuwongolera vekitala, ukhondo woyenera munthawi ya ntchito zamanja ndi ntchito zamakina, kulima mitundu yotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovomerezeka zovomerezeka kuchokera ku mbatata za meristemic.