Asayansi a Biological Institute of Tomsk State University mkati mwa dongosolo la projekiti ya "Engineering Biology" akupanga njira zowonjezera zomwe zimagwira ntchito muzamankhwala ndi zaulimi, malipoti. ntchito yosindikizira ya TSU. Kafukufukuyu adathandizidwa ndi pulogalamu ya federal "Priority 2030".
"Tikuphunzira za kaphatikizidwe ka metabolites yachiwiri yazakudya zodziwika bwino pakati pa anthu aku Russia - nkhaka ndi mbatata, komanso zomera zamankhwala - zowawa za orgaadai ndi lychnis calcedony," akutero Ekaterina Boyko, wofufuza ku dipatimenti ya Plant Physiology, Biotechnology ndi Bioinformatics ya Biological Institute of TSU. - Ma metabolites achiwiri, mosiyana ndi oyambira, amakhala ndi tanthauzo logwira ntchito osati pamlingo wa cell, koma pamlingo wa chomera chonse. Amagwira ntchito "zachilengedwe": amateteza mbewu ku tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, amatenga nawo mbali pakubereka, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zomera zimalumikizana wina ndi mnzake komanso ndi zamoyo zina m'chilengedwe.
Kwa anthu, ma metabolites a chomera chachiwiri ndi gwero lamtengo wapatali lazinthu zofunikira zomwe zimalonjeza osati pazamankhwala okha, komanso makampani azakudya, mafuta onunkhira ndi zodzoladzola, ndi ena.
Kufufuza kwa mulingo wa metabolites yachiwiri mu mbewu zaulimi kudzasintha mosadukiza mtundu wazakudya komanso mankhwala a zomera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphunzira kwa njirazi kumatha kuwulula zatsopano mwa oimira odziwika bwino amaluwa ndikukulitsa madera omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.
Tanthauzo la "kumvera" njira kaphatikizidwe m'kati mwa maphunziro atsopano adzalola akatswiri a zamoyo TSU mwachindunji "kugwirizanitsa" siginecha mamolekyu (mwachitsanzo, mpweya transmitters, calcium) m'tsogolo kufulumizitsa kupanga yachiwiri metabolites. M'tsogolomu, iyi ndi njira yosinthira ma genome.
"Pakadali pano, timayang'anira popanda kuyambitsa mapangidwe atsopano," akufotokoza motero Irina Golovatskaya, woyang'anira polojekiti. - Kumayambiriro kwa ulendowu, tikuyang'ana malo osinthira kagayidwe ka flavonoids (ambiri omwe ndi ma pigment a zomera) mothandizidwa ndi phytohormones. Tili ndi chidwi ndi momwe njira zopangira ma metabolites achiwiri zimasiyanirana kapena ndizofanana mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera. Mwachitsanzo, ndi magulu ati a flavonoids omwe amapangidwa potengera zochita za wowongolera kukula wakunja, kukula kwake ndi chilengedwe, momwe kukula kwa mbewu kapena chikhalidwe cha cell kudzatsatira. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu zachilengedwe zosinthika zama cell kapena zomera zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kusintha ma genome mpaka pano.
Pamapeto pake, zotsatira za kafukufuku wa akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo a TSU zithandizira kuti pakhale mizere yowongoka komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri ya mbewu zaulimi, komanso zomera zamankhwala zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zamoyo.