Mwaukadaulo wa Federal Scientific and technical Program (FNTP), oweta aku Russia akupanga mitundu yatsopano ya mpikisano wa shuga. Pulogalamuyi imapezeka ndi kampani ya SoyuzSemSvekla, yomwe idalumikiza akatswiri ochokera ku Shchelkovo Agrokhim ndi RusAgro, komanso mabungwe asayansi a Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ndi Sayansi yaku Russia. Pofika chaka cha 2025, mitundu yoposa 40 idzapangidwe, a Shchelkovo Agrokhim adatero.
Mitundu 13 yatsopano ya shuga beet idapangidwa kale, imalembetsedwa m'kaundula wa boma; pakutha kwa 2021, ma hybridi ena 18-20 aperekedwa kuti adzalembetse (akuyesedwa). Zonsezi zimapangidwa chifukwa chokhala ndi vuto lochepetsetsa pazu, chilala komanso matenda ofala a beet - cercospora, "atero a Salis Karakotov, wamkulu wa Shchelkovo Agrokhim.
Adanenanso kuti hybrids atsopanowa amalimbana ndi mizu yowola kuposa 10 yakunja. “Ali ndi mitundu ina ya majini amene amalimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: mafangayi ndi mabakiteriya. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mbewu zovunda pa hekitala pakati pa "akunja" kunali 10% ndi zochulukirapo chaka chino, ndiye kuti chathu chinali ndi chizindikiro cha 0,8%, "atero Karakotov.
Kukolola kwa mitundu yatsopano ya shuga ya ku Russia kudzakhalanso yunifolomu mu kukula kwa zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, chomera chatsopano "Shchelkovo Agrokhim" chilola mbewu zotsekemera (monga opanga akunja amachita) - chithandizo chisanafesedwe ndi mayankho apadera omwe amapanga chipolopolo cholimba cha mbewu, kuti athe kufesedwa payekhapayekha osati mochuluka - izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mtengo.
Monga momwe Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ndi Sayansi ku Russia unatsimikizira, kulowetsa m'malo mwa chakudya ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chitetezo chamayiko. "Njira imodzi yochepetsera kudalira kwamakampani athu azaulimi ndikuwonjezera kupikisana kwa zinthu zaulimi zapakhomo ndikukhazikitsa kwa Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ndi Sayansi komanso Unduna wa zaulimi pazantchito zaulimi, zomwe zingalimbikitse kusamutsa ukadaulo wazamalonda zapakhomo ku gawo lenileni lazachuma," atero mkulu wa dipatimenti yoyang'anira Sayansi ya Zaulimi Unduna wa Zamaphunziro Vugar Bagirov.
Malinga ndi iye, chifukwa cha kafukufuku wamitundu, mbewu zapakhomo zimawoneka zotsika mtengo kangapo kuposa zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, amatha kusintha bwino nyengo za ku Russia (nyengo yogonjetsedwa ndi chilala) ndipo amakhala osasamala, amasamalidwa, osavunda. Kupezeka kwa mbewu zotere zakusankha kwakunyumba kumachepetsa kwambiri kudalira kwa bizinesi ya mbewu zomwe zatumizidwa kunja.
"Zomwe zachitika mu 2020 zawonetsa kuti ma analogs omwe abwera kunja chifukwa cha kusintha kwanyengo amakhala otsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ziweto zapakhomo malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake," Bagirov adatsimikiza. Kuphatikiza apo, adaonjeza, ogula mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa pansi pa FNTP atha kulandira ndalama kuchokera kuboma kuti azilipira mpaka 70% ya ndalamazo.
Olesya Afanasyeva, wamkulu wa nthambi ya Chuvash ku Agroanalytics Center, adati chaka chilichonse, chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta, agrari amataya gawo la zokolola zawo. M'nyengo yapano, alimi a beet ku Central Europe gawo la Russia adazindikira kufalikira kwa fusarium ndi aphanomycete mizu yovunda yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi mvula ndi chinyezi chambiri panthawi yokula kwa beet, yomwe imakhudza mapangidwe a zokolola, komanso imabweretsa mavuto pakusunga mbewu. Alimi akumwera kwa dzikolo, m'malo mwake, adazindikira kuchepa kwa chinyezi m'nthaka chifukwa cha kutentha kwamlengalenga, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti nthawi ina kukolola kukwere. Kuyambira pa Okutobala 19, pafupifupi, 74,3% ya nyemba zosungidwa mu shuga zidakololedwa ku Russia, pafupifupi zokolola ndi 360,3 c / ha, zomwe ndi 19,5% poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa chaka chatha.
"Chifukwa chake, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu ya ziweto zapakhomo, poganizira momwe dera limakhalira komanso nyengo zanyengo, kuyenera kuchititsa kuchepa kwa kudalira kwa mbewuyo pazochitika zosagwirizana ndi nyengo, zomwe zithandizira alimi kwambiri ndipo zidzakhala zofunikira pakuwonjezera chitetezo cha chakudya," adatero Afanasyeva.
Pofika chaka cha 2025, mbewu zakutchire zakutchire zikuyenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a msika, akutero a FNTP. Malinga ndi Shchelkovo Agrokhim ndi RusAgro, cholinga ichi ndichokwaniritsa, ngakhale akatswiri ena amawona kuti ndiwotchuka kwambiri. "Kuti agulitse 25% ya msika, mitundu yosakanizika yopanga zoweta iyenera kukhala ndi zida zofunikira zachuma zomwe ziziwonetsetsa kuti ndizapadera komanso kupikisana, komanso kuperekedwa kwa olima pamtengo wabwino kwambiri," atero a Nadezhda Dolmatova, manejala wa HSE Technology Transfer Center.
Komabe, monga opanga amati, chaka chamawa, ma hybridi apanyumba atha kutenga 10% ya msika waku Russia. Mbewu zawo zafika kale ku Schelkovo Agrokhim dragee chomera ndipo zakonzeka kugulitsidwa. Nthawi yopeza mbewu iyamba mu Novembala ndikutha mu Epulo.