Pambuyo pazaka zambiri za ntchito yosankha, yomwe idachitika pafamu ya mbatata ya Zamarte, mtundu wa mbatata wofiirira, Provita, wapezedwa. Portal Mbatata News.
Tikukupatsani zokambirana zosangalatsa kwambiri ndi Alexandra Bech, katswiri woweta mbatata ku Zamarta. Tikukupemphani kuti muwerenge zokambirana zazifupizi.
Kodi mitundu ya mbatata ya Provita imakoma mosiyana ndi nthawi zonse komanso yokondedwa ndi ogula?
- Mbatata zofiirira zimakhala ndi kukoma kosawoneka bwino kwa anthocyanins, zomwe zimapatsa mtundu wawo. Anthu ambiri adzapeza kuti ndizofanana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa mitundu yapamwamba yokhala ndi thupi loyera kapena lachikasu. Kulawa ndi kumvera kwambiri. Ndi bwino kungoyesera.
Kodi Provita ndi yoyenera kupanga saladi?
- Provita ndi ya zophikira mtundu B - ambiri cholinga. Zamkati zamitundu zomwe zimaperekedwa kwamtunduwu, mukaphika, zimakhala zowuma, koma ndizosavuta kuziphwanya ndi mphanda. Mbatata yamtundu wa B imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu mbatata yosenda.
M'nkhani yanu Selection and Health Benefits of Purple Mbatata, mukuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino zodya mbatata zofiirira poletsa kuchuluka kwa ma cell a khansa. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti kudya mbatata yofiirira kumatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa komanso kuchedwetsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa komanso kukalamba kwa thupi la munthu?
- Ndikukhulupirira kuti kuphatikiza kwa Provita muzakudya kudzalemeretsa ndi anthocyanins, omwe ali ndi zotsutsana ndi khansa. Amapereka Provita mtundu wofiirira, koma osati kwa izo, komanso zomera zina. Kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa, koma pokhapokha mutadya zakudya zoyenera.
Kodi mungadziwitse owerenga za maubwino ena azaumoyo a Provita?
- Anthocyanins omwe ali mu Provit ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pamachitidwe ambiri a thupi lathu. Choyamba, amapondereza ma free radicals ndipo motero amateteza DNA yathu kuti isawonongeke. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi phindu pa mbiri ya lipid ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha maselo ku insulin. Amateteza dongosolo lamanjenje, amachepetsa kusintha kwa atherosulinotic m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikulimbitsa ma capillaries. Amathandizira kupanga rhodopsin, yomwe imayang'anira masomphenya, imakuthandizani kuti muwone bwino madzulo. Ndikoyenera kuwonjezera kuti zotsatira zoipa za anthocyanins pa thupi la munthu sizinatsimikizidwe ndi asayansi.
Inde, kudya Provita kumapindulitsa pa thanzi laumunthu. Komabe, kodi muli ndi izi kapena mayesero oyenerera achitidwa: kodi ma tubers ofiirira ayenera kukhala otani tsiku lililonse kuti thupi lathu limve zotsatira zabwino za zinthu zonse zomwe zili mu mbatata yofiirira zomwe zimadyedwa? Ndi magalamu angati a mbatata yofiirira yemwe wamkulu wathanzi ayenera kudya patsiku kuti apindule mokwanira ndi ubwino wake?
- Pali mabuku ambiri asayansi okhudza mbatata yofiirira komanso gawo lawo labwino pazakudya. Chaka chino, mitundu ya Provita inalowa ku yunivesite ya Life Sciences ku Wroclaw, komwe idzayesedwa bwino. Mulingo wa mankhwala a polyphenolic (kuphatikiza anthocyanins) ndi kuthekera kwa antioxidant kudzayesedwa. Pakadali pano, zimadziwika kuti mtundu wofiirira kwambiri wa zamkati umasonyeza kuchuluka kwa anthocyanins mu tubers. Kuchuluka kwa utoto mu mbatata yofiirira pa 100 g mwatsopano wolemera ndi wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa utoto mu 100 g yaiwisi yolemera ya sitiroberi, anyezi wofiira kapena kabichi wofiira. Ndikoyenera kutsindika kuti mbatata zonse, osati zofiirira zokha, zili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu.
Chonde auzeni owerenga za kuswana ndondomeko palokha.
- Mitundu yofiirira yazamkati, yopezedwa pagawo loyamba la kusankha, imapanga 1% yokha ya anthu onse.
Hodowla Ziemniaka Zamarte Sp. z oo - Gulu la IHAR limakhazikika pakupanga mitundu yokhala ndi nyengo yocheperako. Kuphatikiza apo, timagwiranso ntchito ndi mitundu yomwe imapangidwira kupanga ma fries achi French, tchipisi, wowuma.
Kuswana mbatata kumayamba ndi kusankha koyenera makolo awiriawiri. Pankhani ya mbatata yofiirira, ndikofunikira kuti imodzi mwamawonekedwe a makolo ikhale ndi thupi lolimba ndi mtundu wamphamvu komanso wofanana. Ma tubers omwe alibe pigment ya buluu amachotsedwa pakuphatikizika koyambirira. M'zaka zotsatira, makhalidwe ambiri amawunikidwa, kuphatikizapo kutalika kwa nyengo yakukula, kuya kwa maso, kulawa, mtundu pambuyo pophika, zokolola, kukana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndi chiyani chomwe chinali chovuta kwambiri kwa oweta?
- Chovuta chachikulu chinali kupeza zosiyanasiyana ndi zabwino agrotechnical ndi zinchito makhalidwe ndi uniformly wachikuda thupi lolimba. Kusankhidwa kwa zigawo zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wofiirira wa zamkati ndizochepa kwambiri, popeza pali mitundu yochepa yokhala ndi mtundu uwu. Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri aiwo ali ndi mawonekedwe otsika komanso ochulukira ndipo ndi mitundu yokhala ndi nyengo yayitali. Pankhani ya Provita, tinatha kugonjetsa zopinga zingapo kusankha, chifukwa zosiyanasiyana ndi khungu yosalala mokwanira kusamba, maso osaya, zokolola mwachilungamo mkulu, ndi oyambirira ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda aakulu.
Chonde lingalirani Provita mu manambala. Zokolola, wowuma, kukula kwa tuber.
- Provita:
- Mitundu yoyambirira (kucha pambuyo pa masiku 80 a zomera);
- Ma tubers ozungulira okhala ndi maso owoneka (COBORU 6.6);
- Zophikira mtundu B;
- Wowuma zili pafupifupi. 13.5%;
- Ma tubers apakati;
- Zokolola 37 t/ha.
Kodi Provita imagonjetsedwa ndi vuto lochedwa?
- Provita imalimbana kwambiri ndi zowawa mochedwa. Pamlingo wa 9 (1-susceptible, 9 kukana kwathunthu), kukana kwake ndi 4.
Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi khansa ya mbatata. Sychytrium endobioticum matenda D1.
Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi mkati ndi kunja zolakwika za tubers.
Kodi kukula Provita ndi kosiyana ndi mitundu ina?
- Kukula Proviti sikusiyana ndi kulima mitundu ina.
Ndi chiyani chomwe chingakope ogula ku ma tubers ofiirira a mbatata? Kodi mungawalimbikitse bwanji kugula chinthu chachilendo chotere?
“Masiku ano, anthu akuzindikira kwambiri komanso kusamala kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe amagula. Zowonjezera zaumoyo zokhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa anthocyanins zitha kulimbikitsa ogula kuti asinthe mbatata zachikhalidwe (zoyera kapena zachikasu) ndi zofiirira chifukwa chokhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Kodi pakhala pali kafukufuku wamsika womwe wachitika pazogulitsa zake zam'tsogolo? Kodi msika waku Poland wakonzeka kuvomera mbatata yofiirira?
- Pali chidwi chachikulu ku Provita, pa mbali ya gastronomes komanso kwa ogula. Kwa nthawi ndithu, Provita inagulitsidwa m'modzi mwa maunyolo ogulitsa ndipo anali ndi chidwi chachikulu pakati pa ogula. Kafukufuku wathu wamsika wasonyeza kuti pali malo pamsika wa mitundu iyi, makamaka chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake apamwamba poyerekeza ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe ilipo pamsika.