Ludmila Dulskaya
Pali zinthu zovuta pamsika wa PPP: katundu wa mankhwala otumizidwa kunja aimitsidwa, mitengo yawonjezeka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, ogulitsa amafuna 100% kulipira. Kodi alimi ayenera kukonzekera chiyani pamenepa?
Kuti timvetsetse, tidatembenukira kwa Vladimir Alginin, Executive Director wa Russian Union of Producers of Chemical Plant Protection Products, ndi Dmitry Belov, Mtsogoleri wa Product Development department ku Firma August JSC.
Vladimir Alginin nthawi yomweyo adalimbikitsa kuti asachite seweroli ndipo adakumbutsa kuti 70% ya kuchuluka kwazinthu zoteteza zomera zomwe alimi aku Russia amapangira amapangidwa ku Russia. Mwa izi, 52% ndi zopangidwa ndi makampani apakhomo ndipo 18% amapangidwa ndi makampani akunja omwe apanga zopanga m'dera la Russian Federation. Pafupifupi 30% ya mankhwala amatumizidwa kudziko lathu kuchokera kunja.
Msika wa PPP uli pachiwopsezo
Dmitry Belov adanenanso kuti kusintha kwa msika wazinthu zoteteza mbewu sikunayambe chaka chino. "Mliriwu wapangitsa kuti maunyolo ogulitsa zinthu athe. Zochitika zina zingapo zinatsatira, kuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito malasha ndi China mu 2021, zomwe zinayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa magawo ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi m'mabizinesi ambiri opanga. Mitengo pamsika wazinthu zoteteza zomera idayamba kukula ngakhale pamenepo, "adatsindika katswiriyo.
"Ntchito yapadera yankhondo, yomwe idayamba mu February 2022, idasintha zina," adapitilizabe mkulu wa dipatimenti yokonza zida za Firma August JSC. - Panali zovuta ndi kupereka kwa adjuvants ochokera ku Ulaya. Gawo lawo pazambiri zonse zopanga si lalikulu, koma zinthu zingapo zogwira ntchito zimaperekedwa ku Russia kuchokera ku China kudzera pamadoko a mayiko aku Europe - mwachitsanzo, Rotterdam (Netherlands).
Dmitry Belov adatcha Marichi 2022 mwezi wazovuta: kutumiza kudayimitsidwa, mtengo wamankhwala udangolumikizidwa ndi chiwongola dzanja cha yuro, kutsekeka kwa mwezi umodzi kudakhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu, zomwe zidakhudzanso ntchito zapakhomo. "Tsoka ilo, ngati kampani yopanga zinthu imakhala ndi 90% ya zigawo zake, ndipo 10% yokha ikusowa, sichitha kupanga chomaliza," adatero katswiriyo mwachidule.
Sipadzakhala kusowa
Vladimir Alginin akutsimikiza kuti kuyimitsidwa kwa zinthu zoteteza zomera kuchokera kunja sikuyembekezereka, malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la Russian Union of KhPPP Producers linalandira kuchokera ku Association of European Businesses, makampani akunja akukonzekera kukwaniritsa udindo wawo wapadziko lonse wopereka mankhwala otetezera zomera kwa ogula. mu Russian Federation. Ma voliyumu onse ofunikira adzatumizidwa ku Russia posachedwa, kupatula mankhwala aliwonse.
Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa RSP KhPZR akukhulupirira kuti sipadzakhala kusowa kwa zinthu zoteteza zomera m'dziko lathu chaka chino, popeza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoteteza zomera ku Russia, poyerekeza ndi 2021, kudzawonjezeka, koma kufunikira (motsutsana ndi maziko). zamitengo yokwera) ndizotheka, zidzachepa pang'ono.
Malinga ndi a Vladimir Alginin, makampani omwe ali mamembala a Russian Union of Producers of Chemical Plant Protection Products adakonza zogula zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito munthawi yake, ndipo nyengo ya 2022 idaperekedwa koyambirira kwa 2021. Ndi gawo laling'ono lokha la zigawo zomwe zidatsalira, zomwe, chifukwa cha zovuta ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kake
Katswiriyu akuti makampani angapo amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amagwira ntchito mdziko lathu amapatsidwa mankhwala mu 2022 yonse. Kuphatikiza apo, malo opangira makampaniwa, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za Russian Union of Producers of Chemical Plant Protection Products ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Zamalonda wa Russian Federation, zili m'gawo la Russia.
Mtsogoleri wa dipatimenti yachitukuko cha mankhwala a Firma Avgust JSC nthawi zambiri amavomereza zolosera zamtsogolo za momwe zinthu zidzakhalire, koma m'malingaliro ake, mwayi woti mankhwala aliwonse ayenera kusinthidwa akadalipo. Mwachitsanzo, pali zovuta ndi kulowa kwa glyphosate ndi diquat ku Russia. Makamaka diquat.
Vuto lalikulu, malinga ndi Dmitry Belov, ndilo. kuti m'zaka zapitazi glyphosate adachotsedwa pamndandanda wamankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa. Mabizinesi aulimi asinthiratu ku diquat, ndipo pakufunika kuchuluka kwakukulu pamsika. Malinga ndi katswiriyo, yankho la nkhaniyi limadalira kwambiri Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Russian Federation. "Ndizotheka kuti kuimitsidwa kudzakhazikitsidwa pamalamulo ndi zisankho zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale, kuvomereza kwakanthawi kudzakhazikitsidwa - izi ndizochitika padziko lonse lapansi," akukhulupirira Dmitry Belov. “Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, m’zochitika pamene kuukira kochuluka kwa tizilombo kunazindikirika, chilolezo cha kanthaŵi cha kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, amene poyamba anali oletsedwa, chinaperekedwa kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziŵiri.” Komanso, katswiri amakumbukira, diquat ali njira ina mu mawonekedwe a carfentrazone ndi glufosinate.
M'tsogolomu, katswiriyu akuyembekeza kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono, akutsindika kuti makampani opanga zoweta akupitiriza kufufuza ndi kugula zinthu zogwira ntchito ndipo adzayesa kupereka olima ulimi ndi desiccants ndi theka lachiwiri la nyengo yakukula.
Zoneneratu zamitengo
Koma kubwerera ku mitengo. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, pamene kusinthana kunakwera kwambiri, kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo ya zinthu zoteteza zomera kumachokera ku 40 mpaka 70% pazinthu zina. Pali zinthu zina zomwe zakwera mtengo. Kwa alimi omwe analibe nthawi yogula mankhwala a nyengoyi, izi zinali zodabwitsa zosasangalatsa.
Tisaiwale kuti mitengo ya zinthu zoteteza zomera inali kale kwambiri kuposa chaka chatha.
Vladimir Alginin akuwona chifukwa chachikulu chakukwera kwa mtengo wazinthu zoteteza zomera pakukwera kwamitengo yazinthu zogwira ntchito. Malinga ndi iye, kuyambira Okutobala 2021, opanga zida zodzitchinjiriza m'nyumba akhala akukhudzidwa kwambiri komanso ngakhale kukakamizidwa ndi kukwera kwamitengo yazinthu zogwira ntchito (zonse za AI ndi 100% zochokera kunja). "Pali kudalira kwachindunji kwa mtengo wamankhwala apanyumba pamitengo yazinthu zogwira ntchito zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa ndi China. Pazinthu zapayekha, zidawonjezeka kawiri kapena katatu, zomwe zidakulitsa mtengo wazinthu zoteteza zomera ku Russia, - akutero mkulu wa RSP HSZR.
Kukula kwa dola kunagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chinthu cholakwika, popeza zinthu zonse zogwira ntchito zimagulidwa ndi ndalama zakunja. "Avgust Firm JSC, mwachitsanzo, tsopano akukakamizika kugula zosakaniza zogwira ntchito pa 100% prepayment mu ndalama zakunja," Alginin akufotokoza, "kale akanatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchedwa kwa zinthu zopangira, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo anali ndi mwayi kupereka kuchedwa kwa makasitomala ake. Koma m’mene zinthu zilili panopa zikuvuta kwambiri.”
Akatswiri ali mumgwirizano: ngati mitengo ya zinthu zogwira ntchito iyamba kukweranso pakati pa ogulitsa, opanga Russia adzakakamizika kuyankha izi mwa njira imodzi, mwinamwake sangathe kupanga zinthu zofunika.
Tsopano mtengo wosinthira ma ruble wakhazikika, njira zosinthira yuan nazonso. Kusinthasintha kwamitengo kumakhala kotheka, ngakhale kuchepa kwa 15-20% sikumachotsedwa. Koma, akatswiri amatsimikiza kuti, sipadzakhalanso kubwereranso kumlingo wakale.
Kodi alimi achite chiyani?
“Gwirani ntchito modekha,” akutero Vladimir Alginin. - Bzalani, bzalani, thirani feteleza, tetezani mbewu ndi kupanga zinthu zomwe nazonso zakwera mtengo. Mabizinesi aulimi ali ndi mwayi ndi mwayi uliwonse woti asungire phindu lawo. ” Ndipo palibe chifukwa choopa kusowa: "Lero palibe mankhwala otere omwe sakanatha kusinthidwa ndi ena."
Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri, kusowa kwa ndalama zina pamsika ndizochitika kwakanthawi komwe kumachitika chifukwa chofuna modzidzimutsa. “Malo enanso amatha chifukwa nkhokwe zikupangidwa. Alimi akuyesera kudzipangira okha inshuwalansi ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, kugula katundu ndi malire kwa nyengo yonse, komanso nthawi zambiri kugwa, "akutero katswiri.
Zoyembekeza za nyengo ya 2023
Nkhaniyi inali kukonzedwa panthawi imene ntchito yofesa mbewu inali itangoyamba kumene. Koma opanga ku Russia opanga zinthu zoteteza zomera akhala akukonzekera kale nyengo ya 2023.
"Tsopano tikugwira ntchito yogula zinthu zogwira ntchito ndi zigawo za nyengo yotsatira yofesa," akutsimikizira Dmitry Belov, "akatswiri athu a zamankhwala akugwira ntchito kuti apange mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe ali ndi inshuwaransi motsutsana ndi zoopsa zina. Zomwe zichitike ndi katundu wochokera kunja sizikudziwika. "
Katswiriyu ananena kuti kampani "August" ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kupanga kupanga ndi kupereka ku msika Russian pafupifupi buku lonse chofunika mankhwala zoteteza zomera. Koma ndizovuta kugula zopangira zopangira zoteteza zomera padziko lonse lapansi - sitepe iyi imafuna ndalama zambiri ndipo ikukambidwabe. "Posachedwapa, chisankho chidzapangidwa momwe tidzayesere kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa kuperewera kwa zinthu zoteteza zomera kwa alimi aku Russia kwa nyengo yotsatira," akumaliza.
Alimi amaganiziranso za panopa, komanso zam'tsogolo.
Malinga ndi bungwe la Russian Union of Producers of Chemical Plant Protection Products, makampani apakhomo tsopano akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano wopereka mankhwala kwa makasitomala aku Russia, ndipo mpaka pano ntchitoyi ikuchitika pafupifupi mofanana ndi chaka chatha. "Mwachitsanzo, JSC Firma August yayamba kale kugwirizanitsa 74% ya chiwerengero chonse cha kupanga," adatero Vladimir Alginin. Malinga ndi katswiriyu, izi zidatheka chifukwa cha mgwirizano womwe wachitika pazaka za mgwirizano pakati pa opanga CPPP aku Russia ndi mabizinesi aulimi. Amaperekanso chiyembekezo pa maubwenzi awa. “Kale kunali kofunikira komwe kunali kotchipa. Tsopano ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphatikiza maubwenzi kuti tisunge zomwe tonse tidakwanitsa. Inu simungakhoze skimp pa luso. Ngati ndalamazo zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu, bizinesi yonse imatha kutsika. Ndikofunikira kusunga matekinoloje mpaka pamlingo waukulu ndikukhala mogwirizana ndi mabwenzi odalirika, "ayimbira mkulu wamkulu wa RSP HSZR.
Mwina, pansi pa zomwe zikuchitika pano, iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yopambana.
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