Mbatata ndi mbewu yofunika kwambiri yoteteza chakudya komanso thanzi ku sub-Saharan Africa. Koma pali vuto limodzi lalikulu - kupeza mbewu za mbatata zabwino zochepa.
Zinthu sizilinso zosiyana ku Cameroon, komwe mbatata zapachaka zimangopanga matani 300 - zocheperako zomwe dziko likufuna. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwonjezeka kwa zokolola, alimi aku Cameroonia atha kupindula ndi mwayi wotumiza kunja kumayiko oyandikana nawo monga Chad, Gabon ndi Central African Republic.
Komabe, kupezeka kwa mbeu ya mbatata yotsimikizika ndikotsika kwambiri (<5%), kutanthauza kuti alimi ambiri amabwezeretsanso mbeu zakale za mbatata kuti akabzale, kumapanga matani 7-10 pa hekitala (t/ha), kutsika kokwanira zokolola. 20-30 t/ha.
Koma kupambana kwaposachedwa ku Kenya (mu mbatata yambewu) - mothandizidwa ndi International Potato Center (CIP) - kuli ndi lonjezo lalikulu ku Cameroon ndi maiko ena a SSA, komwe mbatata imatha kutenga gawo lalikulu pachitetezo cha chakudya.
Pogwira ntchito ndi anzawo aku Kenya, CIP idathandizira kupanga ndikugwirizanitsa zopanga ndi mwayi wopeza zida zoyambira kuti zitulutse mbewu zotsimikizika kuchokera ku minitubers. Zidazi zikuphatikiza ma clones ndi mbewu zoyesera za mbatata zokonzedwanso, zomwe zimatulutsa zokolola zambiri komanso zimayimira mwayi wopeza ndalama kwa alimi ang'onoang'ono.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za nkhani yopambana ya Kenya, CIP ndi Green Innovation Centers for Agriculture and Food Project (ProCISA) inakonza ulendo wa nthumwi za 12 ku Cameroon, kuphatikizapo ofufuza a Institute for Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), akuluakulu a Unduna wa Zaulimi. ndi Rural Development (MINADER) ndi olima mbewu achinsinsi ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana kuti aphunzire zambiri zokhuza kulima mbewu za mbatata ndi zatsopano zaposachedwa.
“Kenya yatsogola kwambiri pakupanga mbewu za mbatata komanso kukulitsa luso. Tinabwera kudzaphunzira ndikuwona ngati tingatengere zitsanzo pano. Zonse zidzasintha. Kukhazikitsa malo opangira mbewu ndi chiyambi chabe, "atero a Julie Teh Nguh, Wachiwiri kwa Director ku MINADER.
Nkhani yaku Cameroon
Olima mbatata ku Cameroon pakadali pano amatumiza mbewu zawo zambiri kuchokera ku Netherlands ndi France kuti azifalitsa ndikugulitsa. Komabe, mbewu iyi imatha kuberekana kwa nyengo ziwiri zokha ndipo imakhala yosabereka pambuyo pake. Komanso, mbewu zomwe amakolola nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula kwambiri kwa alimi ang'onoang'ono m'dzikoli.
Nthumwi zochokera ku Cameroon zinaphunzira ku Kenya momwe angakhazikitsire malo opangira ma laboratories ndi makina opangira mbewu zambatata zabwino zomwe zitha kugulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika koma wapamwamba kuposa mbewu zochokera kunja.
Ku Kenya Agricultural Research and Livestock Organisation (KALRO), nthumwizo zidawona momwe mbewu zoyesera za mbatata zathanzi zimafalidwira. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, alimi a ku Kenya aona kuti kufota kwa mabakiteriya m’mbewu zawo za mbatata kukuchepa kwambiri.
"Zonse zimayambira mu labotale yathu. Sitingalephere pa nthawiyi… “Pamene kufunikira kwa mbeu yoyera kukukula, alimi posachedwapa adzafunika zipangizo zomangira mbewu mu machubu oyesera mochuluka. Tiyenera kufalitsa mbewu mwachangu komanso pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri ya aseptic. Ndikufuna gulu langa kuti lidziwe zomwe ndaphunzira paulendowu, "anatero Rauwitta Omabit, katswiri wodziwa za chikhalidwe cha minofu ku IRAD.
Pambuyo poyendera labu, nthumwizo zidapita ku Kisima Farms, famu yamba yapayekha ku Meru County yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma aeroponics kupanga mbewu za mbatata, ndi Stockman Rozen Kenya, kampani ina yabizinesi yomwe imagwira ntchito ndi zomangira zoyeserera ndi alimi akumaloko kuti apange mbewu zambiri zoyera. . .
Ku Kenya, ma tubers 15-25 atha kupezeka kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi chosinthidwa, ndipo maulendo atatu ochulukirapo amatha kupezeka m'munda.
"Chochita changa choyamba ndikumanga labotale. Ndikufuna kuyambitsa bizinezi yofalitsa ndi kugulitsa mbewu zoyeserera zoyeserera ndikuzipereka kwa alimi. Ukadaulo wina monga ma aeroponics udzafunika kukonzekera kwanthawi yayitali."atero a Norbert Kenfak, wapampando wa mgwirizano waulimi wa PROPOTEM kumadzulo kwa Cameroon.
Mitundu yokonda msika
Koma mbewu zaukhondo sizokwanira kupititsa patsogolo ulimi. Kuchuluka kwa zokolola sikungathetse nkhani za chitetezo cha chakudya ndi zakudya pokhapokha ngati mitundu yopangidwa igulidwa ndi ogula pamsika (N. Ronoh/CIP).
Kampani yoweta ya KALRO yatulutsa mitundu ingapo yobereka kwambiri kwa alimi potengera kafukufuku wamsika omwe adaneneratu kutchuka kwawo. Unica ndi mtundu watsopano womwe amakonda alimi.
“Tiyeneranso kupanga ndi kukonza mitundu yamitundu yakumaloko. Timafunikira mitundu yopikisana. Mitundu yathu yambiri ndi yofunika, adatero Clement Vara, wolima mbewu payekha. "Tikufuna kuti Unica ndi mitundu ina ya CIP yawonjezedwe pamndandanda wadziko lathu."
Pomaliza, nthumwi zochokera ku Cameroon zidalimbikitsidwa kuti zilimbikitse kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu a alimi kuti athandizire kufalitsa malingaliro ndi mitundu yatsopano pakati pa anthu.
Wachira Kagungo, CEO wa National Potato Council of Kenya (NPCK), adati kupambana kwawo kumabwera chifukwa cha ntchito zotsatsa ndi kukweza mbewu zamtundu wapamwamba. Mapulatifomu a digito adapangidwa kuti awonjezere ndikukonzekera zambiri;
“ Our Viazi Soko (webusaitiyi) imapereka zidziwitso zomaliza mpaka kumapeto za unyolo wamtengo wapatali kuyambira pakupanga mpaka kugulitsa mbatata, komanso upangiri wokhudza zanyengo kwa onse omwe akuchita nawo gawo. Kudzera m’bwaloli, alimi atha kuitanitsa mbeu pasadakhale ndipo a NPCK amakonza zoti atumize,” adatero Kagungo.
Timu ya Cameroon idakhala masiku asanu ku Kenya.